Flashcards in Viruses and Prions Deck (161)
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121
Picorna-, Calci-, Flavl-, Toga-, Retro-, and Coronaviruses all share which RNA form?
single stranded linear RNA
122
What are the clinical manifestations of rhinovirus? (2)
common cold-major cause of URI in all ages, year round. 2-3 days incubation followed by acute URI symptoms for 3-7 days.
123
What is the morphology of smallpox virus?
large, DNA virus, enveloped
124
What is pathognomic or the most common association with rotavirus? (2)
40-60% of all acute gastroenteritis in children under age two
125
What is the morphology of rabies virus?
RNA, enveloped
126
Which laboratory marker is monitored to determine the course of HIV drug therapy?
hIV PCR/ viral load
127
What virus causes measles?
paramyxovirus
128
How does rabies travel to the CNS?
retrograde migration up nerve axons
129
Name two RNA viruses which do not replicate in the cytoplasm.
influenza virus and retroviruses
130
Who is immune to HIV?
individuals homozygous for CCR5 mutation
131
What are the clinical manifestations of human papilloma virus? (2)
plantar warts-generally asymptomatic but may be painful. Condyloma acuminata (genital warts)-can be benign or preneoplastic (16, 18 and 31)
132
Name the most common opportunistic infections acquired in those human immunodeficiency virus. (5)
pneumocystis pneumonia, tuberculosis, mycobacterium avium-intercellulare, cryptococcal mneingitis and candidiasis
133
Which hepatitis virus types lead to chronic carrier status?
B, C, and D
134
Name the routes of transmission for CMV. (5)
congenital, transfusion, sexual contact, saliva, urine, transplant
135
Yellow fever is transmitted by ____.
the Aedes mosquito (flavivirus)
136
How is human papiloma virus transmitted? (2)
skin to skin contact. STD
137
What lab findings are useful to help diagnose Varicella zoster? (3)
diagnosis based on clinical signs and symptoms; cell culture possible; serological titres can help in diagnosis
138
How is mumps virus transmitted?
respiratory droplets
139
What are the clinical manifestations of polio virus? (2)
gastroenteritis (abortive pollomyelitis)-mild fever with headache, sore throat, damage, reversible or permanent paralysis
140
How is Herpes simplex (I and II) transmitted?
type I-saliva. type II- oral to genital or genital to oral
141
What are the clinical manifestations of rabies virus?
30-50 day incubation varies on proximity of bite to head. Restlessness, malaise and fever then excitement, hypersalivation and excruciating laryngeal and pharyngeal muscle spasms
142
What are the clinical manifestations of rotavirus? (3)
infant diarrhea-1-3 days incubation followed by sudden nausea and vomiting for 1-3 days, then a low fever and frequent watery stools for 5-8 days. Death by dehydration.
143
How is coxsackie viruses transmitted?
fecal oral
144
What are the clinical manifestations of rubivirus (rubella)? (3)
rubella (German Measles)-14-21 day incubation followed by 1-5 days of malaise and lymphadenopathy, followed by 1-3 days of maculopapular rash spreading from face to trunk.
145
What is the morphology of Epstein-Barr virus?
dNA enveloped herpes virus
146
How is rubivirus (rubella) transmitted? (2)
respiratory droplets or transplacentally
147
How is Epstein-Barr transmitted?
human to human (saliva-the kissing disease)
148
What is the pathognomic symptom of measles virus (rubeola)?
koplik's spots on buccal mucosa
149
What are the clinical manifestations of molluscipoxvirus?
molluscum contaglosum-2-8 week incubation followed by painless pearly nodules. Sometimes 'cheesy' matter may be expressed. Self limited, but slow to fade.
150
