How does a deficiency of B3 present?
Dermatitis, diarrhoea, dementia and death
The condition is called Pellagra
Which deficiency presents with glossitis?
Folate
What is derived from beta-carotene?
Vitamin A
What does Vitamin E do?
Anti-oxidant - inserts into membranes and accepts free radicals
What are symptoms of Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome?
Nystagmus
Wide step
Confusion
Hypothermia
Amnesia
Confabulation
Scurvy is caused by a deficency of which vitamin?
C
How does vitamin D deficiency present?
Ricketts - kids
Osteomalacia - adults
How can you get a deficiency in biotin?
Eating too many raw eggs
Why isn’t vitamin K a true vitamin?
Gut flora make it for you
What is folate required for?
DNA replication
What is required for B12 absorption?
Intrinsic factor
What the other name for B2?
Riboflavin
What does riboflavin do?
Electron carrier (FMN, FAD)
Carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism
What are two conditions with thiamin (B1) deficiency?
Beriberi
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (alcoholics)
What are symptoms of Beriberi?
Weakness
Paralysis
Anaemia
Wasting
Which organ is vitamin A associated with?
The eye
What is vitamin K involved in?
Blood clotting
How does B12 deficiency present?
Pernicious anaemia
What are the water soluble vitamins?
B1, B2, B3 (Thiamin), B6
Pantothenic acid, Biotin, Folate, Cobalamin (vitamin B12) and Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
What are the fat soluble vitamins?
A,D,E,K
What is retinol?
A form of vitamin A
How are fat soluble vitamins absorbed?
Typically with fats
Has does a deficiency of biotin present?
Skins of hands is shiny, dry and scaly
A deficiency of which vitamin can cause spina bifida and macrocytic anaemia?
Folate
What is Thiamin (B1) required for?
Coenzyme in decarboxylations
Carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism
Nerve function
What is niacin otherwise known as?
B3
Vitamin C is involved in what?
It’s a co-factor in collagen synthesis
How does vitamin D control Ca levels?
Accelerates its absorption in the intestines
Promotes reabsorption in the kidney (with parathyroid hormone)
Stimulate osteoclast activitiy if Ca too low (with parathyroid hormone)
What cohort of the population commonly get pernicious anaemia?
Vegans
Which vitamins is also called pyridoxine?
B6
