Vocab Enrichment 21.5 Flashcards Preview

a pattern / a sequence

e.g. The pattern is red, blue, red, blue, red

a pattern / a design

e.g. That shirt has a beautiful pattern on it

checkered / checked / plaid

e.g. I bought a checked tablecloth

a heap / a pile / a stack

e.g. He made a giant pile of french fries before he ate them all

to pile in

e.g. to pile into a car

to pile up / to accumulate / to pile on

e.g. My work is piling up

to pile up / to stack

e.g. We piled up the leaves

by chance / coincidentally

e.g. By any chance, do you have a dollar I could borrow?

chance / randomness

e.g. a game of chance

The chances are / The odds are / It's probable that

e.g. The chances are she's going to be late

the odds / the probability

e.g. The odds are two to one

to take a chance / to run a risk

e.g. We knew the trip would not be safe, but we took a chance anyway

to coincide with / to occur simultaneously with

e.g. This year, Chanukah coincides with my birthday

a coincidence

e.g. You're from Atlanta, too? What a coincidence!

a prospect / a possibility / a potential

e.g. the prospect of finding a new job

potential

e.g. He has the potential to be a great artist

supposedly / they say that

e.g. Supposedly, he's sick today

alleged / presumed

e.g. an alleged murder

a risk

e.g. the risk of injury

risky / dangerous

e.g. a risky decision

to risk / to run the risk of / to take a risk of

e.g. I don't want to risk getting caught

at risk of

e.g. We're at risk of bankruptcy

to endanger / to put at risk

e.g. I would never do anything to put my children at risk

practical

e.g. a practical solution

practically

e.g. They've been together for so long that they're practically married

impractical

e.g. an impractical solution

a product

e.g. This company sells a lot of natural products

a producer / a manufacturer

e.g. a producer of soybean oil

production

e.g. the production of weapons

productive / prolific

e.g. This factory is very productive. It produces 10 tons per month

productivity

e.g. We're trying to improve productivity across the company

to reproduce / to replicate / to repeat

e.g. He wants to reproduce the success we had last season

to churn out / to mass produce

e.g. Apple's factories are churning out millions of new iPhones every month

mass production

e.g. Mass production revolutionized the automobile industry

a protest / a demonstration / a march

e.g. She attended a march to support women's rights

a protester / a demonstrator

e.g. The protesters shouted "Justice!"

to protest / to demonstrate

e.g. We protested our country's intervention in the war

a strike

e.g. The workers are on strike until the company raises wages

a riot / a revolt / a public disturbance

e.g. When the verdict was announced a violent riot broke out

to riot

e.g. The candidate's supporters rioted in the street, crying election fraud

a race / an ethnic group

e.g. What race are you?

racial / ethnic

e.g. He has a strong racial identity

racism

e.g. She was accused of racism for her comments

racist / bigoted

e.g. a racist government policy

a railroad / a railway

e.g. They built most of the railroad system in the 1800s

a rail / a track

e.g. Don't touch the third rail on the train tracks

to recognize

e.g. I didn't recognize him

to recognize / to acknowledge / to admit

e.g. We need to first acknowledge the fact that there's a problem

recognition / acknowledgement

e.g. official government acknowledgement of the existence of aliens

to relieve / to soothe / to alleviate

e.g. Her massage relieved all the pain in my shoulders

to be relieved

e.g. I thought something bad happened. I'm so relieved

relief

e.g. This pill will provide relief for your heartburn

to represent / to correspond to

e.g. To get started, click the tab that corresponds to the task you want to complete

to represent / to exemplify / to illustrate

e.g. This image represents peace

a representative

e.g. a representative from my company

representative of / exemplary of / illustrative of

e.g. This sample is representative of the entire population

a representation / a portrayal

e.g. This book serves as a good representation of how women were treated in that era

to resist / to refuse

e.g. He couldn't resist eating another one

to resist / to withstand / to repel

e.g. This material resists water and fire

resistance

e.g. The army's weak resistance was easily defeated

to retire

e.g. He retired when he was 65 years old

to be retired

e.g. They are both retired, but they still like to volunteer at the nonprofit

retirement

e.g. I plan to spend my retirement living in Florida

to ring

e.g. The phone is ringing

to ring

e.g. The priest let me ring the church bell

to ring a doorbell

e.g. Somebody just rung the doorbell

to ring up

e.g. The cashier will ring you up, so you can pay for your groceries

to say goodbye to / to bid farewell to

e.g. He said goodbye to everyone

to mention

i.e. to say or refer to briefly

to mention / to bring up

e.g. I hope he doesn't bring up politics at the dinner table

to speak up / to speak louder

e.g. Speak louder, I can't hear you

to pronounce / to say

e.g. How do you pronounce this?

a quote / a quotation

i.e. a quote from a text

to quote

e.g. She quoted Malcolm X in her speech

self-centered / egocentric / selfish

e.g. She is self-centered and never cares about other people

ungrateful / thankless / selfish

e.g. an ungrateful teenager

unselfish / selfless

e.g. He is a very unselfish player. He passes to his teammates almost too much

self-control / self-restraint / moderation

e.g. He lacks self-control. He keeps eating all the cookies!

self-discipline / determination

e.g. She had enough self-discipline to practice every day at 5 am

self-defense

e.g. She is taking classes in self-defense

sharp

e.g. a sharp knife

to sharpen

e.g. He sharpened the knife

dull / blunt / unsharpened

e.g. This knife is dull. Please sharpen it

you had better / you'd better

e.g. You'd better finish your homework

you had better not / you'd better not

e.g. You'd better not be playing video games

sincere / genuine

e.g. a sincere apology

insincere / fake / disingenuous

e.g. I think his interest in the topic is insincere. He just wants to impress her

truly / sincerely / genuinely

e.g. I am sincerely grateful

to whistle

e.g. The construction workers whistled at the passing girl

a whistle

e.g. The referee blew his whistle

mainstream

e.g. She hates mainstream fashion and prefers to dress in a gothic, apathetic style

outgoing / extroverted / social

e.g. He's very extroverted. He gets bored if he's not around other people

introverted / antisocial / reserved

e.g. The introverted little girl preferred to read books rather than play with her classmates

a speech

e.g. The president gave a speech about the debt crisis

speech

e.g. Speech is a major reason why humans are more advanced than apes

speechless / dazed

e.g. His behavior left me speechless. I simply did not know what to say

a spray

e.g. Do you want it in the form of a cream or a spray?

to spray

e.g. to spray plants with water

a booth / a stall

e.g. a phone booth

a stand / a kiosk

e.g. a fruit stand

a stand

e.g. a guitar stand

to stand out / to stick out

e.g. That car really stands out because of the bright color

to stand for / to mean

e.g. What does DNA stand for?

a criterion / a standard / a requirement

e.g. This doesn't meet the criteria

a standard

e.g. The metric system has established standards for all measurement

standard / accepted / typical

e.g. This is just standard practice, ma'am

a bad word / a swear word / a curse word

to swear / to curse / to say a bad word

e.g. Her father swears a lot when he's drunk

to swear that

e.g. I swear to you that that's what happened. I'm not lying

to say hi / to greet

e.g. Don't forget to say hi to our guests

a greeting

e.g. "Hello" is a form of greeting

to discuss / to talk about / to talk over

e.g. We discussed the most important issues first

to tend to / to have a tendency to / to be prone to

e.g. She tends to show up late

a tendency / a propensity

e.g. This comfortable couch has reinforced my lazy tendencies

terrorism

e.g. Terrorism is still a big risk

a terrorist

e.g. The terrorists killed hundreds of civilians

throughout / all across the / all around the

e.g. throughout the country

throughout / from the beginning to the end of

e.g. throughout the day

to pinch

e.g. Ow! She pinched me

a pinch

e.g. a pinch of salt, a pinch on the cheek, etc.

to pet / to stroke / to caress

e.g. She sat on the couch and petted her dog

to tickle

e.g. Don't tickle me

ticklish

e.g. Please stop. I'm ticklish

to cuddle / to snuggle

e.g. We cuddled in bed and watched a movie together

a tradition / a custom

e.g. Playing football before Christmas dinner is an important tradition in our family

traditional / typical

e.g. a traditional meal

conservative / prudent

e.g. a conservative dress

to transfer / to change

e.g. We need to transfer to the bus here

a transfer

e.g. a transfer of ownership

to admit / to confess / to fess up to the fact that

e.g. She admitted that she stole it

to concede / to accept / to admit

e.g. I concede that you are correct

to get something off your chest

e.g. I've been carrying a secret deep inside, and I have to get it off my chest

admittedly

e.g. The trip was admittedly very expensive, but we had so much fun that it was worth it

a confession / an admission / a concession

e.g. a confession of guilt

admission / entrance

e.g. Admission is $5

cocky / arrogant / conceited

e.g. He's so cocky, he thinks all the women love him

vain / narcissistic

e.g. She's so vain. Look at all the trophies she displays on her shelf

arrogance / vanity

e.g. Her cocky comment is evidence of her arrogance

a snob / an elitist

e.g. You may be rich, but you don't have to act like such a snob around commoners

condescending / patronizing / snobbish

e.g. John is so condescending, all he does is talk down to his siblings

artistic / aesthetic

e.g. She's very artistic. Look at her beautiful paintings!

aesthetics / artistic taste

e.g. This new model of phone combines beautiful aesthetics with high performance

an art / an art form

e.g. This is more of an art than a science

a piece / a piece of art

e.g. I love this piece by Picasso

a masterpiece

e.g. The David was one of Michelangelo's masterpieces

a brush / a paint brush

a canvas

e.g. He put his paintbrush on the canvas and started painting

a frame

e.g. a picture frame

to frame

e.g. Can you take this photo to the store to have it framed?

a crayon

to illustrate / to add pictures to

e.g. She illustrated the children's book with funny characters

to doodle / to scribble

e.g. The boy doodled during the boring lesson

a sketch

e.g. He drew a quick sketch of the suspect's face

a portrait

e.g. a self-portrait

a poster

e.g. He has a Pink Floyd poster on the wall

a slide

e.g. Please advance to the next slide in the slideshow

an icon / an image

e.g. Click on the Internet Explorer icon

a statue

e.g. a statue of an ancient king

a sculptor

e.g. Donatello is the world's most famous sculptor

to engrave / to carve / to sculpt

e.g. She carved a beautiful statue

pottery / ceramics / china

e.g. My mom has a lot of expensive china in the cabinet

ceramic / porcelain

e.g. a ceramic plate

graphic / pictorial

e.g. a graphic representation

a mosaic

e.g. a beautiful mosaic on the wall

an exhibition / an exhibit

e.g. an art exhibition

a gallery

e.g. an art gallery

a base / a headquarters

e.g. a military base

the base

e.g. the base of a lamp

a base / a foundation

e.g. Our company has a strong foundation

to be based on / to be rooted in / to be founded on

e.g. Our marriage is based on trust, faith, and love

a bedsheet / a sheet

e.g. The sheets are dirty. We should change them before we sleep on that bed

a blanket / a cover

a mattress

to belong / to go

e.g. This chair doesn't belong here

to belong / to fit in

e.g. I don't belong here

to belong to

e.g. I think this hat belongs to you

to be a member of / to belong to

e.g. I belong to a gym

to go with / to belong with

e.g. This book belongs with the other poetry books

belongings

e.g. Please keep your belongings in sight at all times

to betray / to stab in the back

e.g. I can't believe that you betrayed me by joining our competitor

a traitor

e.g. The traitor was executed for his treason

treachery / betrayal / treason

e.g. I will not tolerate any treachery from among my soldiers

a barrier / a barricade

e.g. The wall served as a barrier to keep out the enemies

a barrier / an obstacle / an impediment

e.g. This patent provides a barrier to entry into our market

a border / an edge

e.g. He drew a line around the border of the page

the rim / the lip / the edge

e.g. the rim of a bowl

the fringes / the outer edges / the margin

e.g. We live right along the fringes of the city

a fringe / a trimming / a tassel

e.g. I love those fringes at the bottom of your dress

a breakdown / a malfunction

e.g. The accident was caused by a mechanical malfunction

to decay / to erode / to break down

e.g. The dead rabbit's body broke down in the soil after a few weeks

to dissolve

e.g. The salt dissolved in the water

breathing

e.g. The smoke obstructed his breathing

to breathe in / to inhale

e.g. Try not to breathe in any smoke

to breathe out / to exhale

e.g. Breathe in, then breathe out

to hold your breath

e.g. I held my breath while I stayed under water

a breath of fresh air

bad breath

e.g. That girl has very bad breath

to yawn

e.g. He yawned 10 times during the boring lecture

a yawn

e.g. A yawn can be contagious