Vocab Units 16-20

Question 1

economy/economics

Answer 1

경제

Common Usages:
경제적이다 = economical
세계 경제 = world economy
경제학 = economics (the study of economy)

Example:
요즘에 세계 경제는 좋아지고 있어요 = The world economy is getting better these days
아시아의 경제는 요즘에 좋아지고 있어요 = The Asian economy is getting better these days

Question 2

economical

Answer 2

경제적

Common Usages:
경제적인 이유 = economic reason
경제적인 결정 = economic decision
경제적인 문제 = economic problem
경제적으로 = economically

Example:
미국은 경제적인 결정을 했어요 = The US made an economical decision

Question 3

history

Answer 3

역사

Common Usages:
역사적이다 = historical
세계역사 = world history
역사가 = historian
역사 수업 = history class

Example:
저는 한국역사에 관심이 있어요 = I am interested in Korean history
우리 학교에서 학생들은 역사와 지리를 같이 배워요 = At our school, students learn history and geography together

Question 4

historical

Answer 4

역사적

Common Usages:
역사적으로 = historically

Example:
한국과 미국은 역사적으로 좋은 관계가 있다 = Historically, Korea and the US have had a good relationship

Question 5

science

Answer 5

과학

Common Usages:
과학적이다 = scientific
과학 기술 = science and technology
과학자 = scientist
과학연구 = science (scientific research)
자연과학 = natural sciences
과학수업 = science class

Example:
한국 학생들은 다른 나라 학생들보다 과학을 더 잘 해요 = Korean students are better at science than students of other countries

Question 6

scientific

Answer 6

과학적

Common Usages:
과학적인 설명 = scientific explanation
과학적으로 = scientific

Question 7

impulse/shock

Answer 7

충동

Common Usages:
충동적이다 = impulsive
성적 충동 = sexual urge

Example:
저는 그녀한테 키스하고 싶은 충동을 참지 못했어요 = I couldn’t resist the urge to kiss her

Question 8

impulsive

Answer 8

충동적

Common Usages:
충동적으로 = impulsively

Examples:
PLAY저는 자주 옷을 충동적으로 사요 = I often buy clothes impulsively
저의 누나는 충동적인 여자예요 = My older sister is an impulsive girl

Question 9

culture

Answer 9

문화

Common Usages:
문화적이다 = cultural
문화 차이 = differences in culture
동구문화 = Eastern culture
서구문화 = Western culture

Example:
한국문화는 오래됐고 흥미로워요 = Korean culture is long and interesting

Question 10

cultural

Answer 10

문화적

Common Usages:
문화적으로 = culturally

Example:
한국 사람과 중국 사람은 문화적으로 달라요 = Korean and Chinese people are culturally different

Question 11

democracy

Answer 11

민주(주의)

Common Examples:
민주주의자 = democrat

Example:
북한 사람들은 민주주의가 무엇인지 몰라요 = North Koran people don’t know what democracy is

Question 12

democratic

Answer 12

민주적

Common Usages:
민주적으로 = democratically

Examples:
PLAY미국은 민주적인 나라예요 = The US is a democratic nation
미국은 대통령을 민주적으로 선출해요 = America elects its president democratically

Question 13

individual/personal

Answer 13

개인

Example:
그 헬스장은 개인 사물함을 제공해요 = That gym provides a personal locker

Question 14

individual

Answer 14

개인적

Example:
저는 그녀랑 개인적으로 얘기하고 싶어요 = I want to talk to her personally

Question 15

nature

Answer 15

자연

Common Usages:
자연스럽다 = natural
자연의 법칙 = the laws of nature
자연과학 = natural science

Example:
사람들은 자연을 지켜야 돼요 = People need to protect nature

Question 16

natural

Answer 16

자연스럽다

Examples:
PLAY그는 한국어를 자연스럽게 말해요 = he speaks Korean naturally
그 여자는 자연스러운 머리를 가지고 있어요 = That girl has natural hair

Question 17

disappointment(disappointed)

Answer 17

실망(하다)

Notes: 실망하다 describes the feeling of being disappointed. 실망스럽다 describes something that is disappointing. 실망스럽다 is sometimes used in sentences that translate to one’s feelings being “disappointed” using the Subject – Object – Adjective form. See Lesson 16.

Examples:
저는 실망했어요 = I was disappointed.
실망하지 마세요 = Don’t be disappointed

Question 18

to be disappointing

Answer 18

실망스럽다

Notes: 실망하다 describes the feeling of being disappointed. 실망스럽다 describes something that is disappointing. 실망스럽다 is sometimes used in sentences that translate to one’s feelings being “disappointed” using the Subject – Object – Adjective form. See below in this lesson for more information.

Example:
PLAY결과는 조금 실망스러웠어요 = The result was a little bit disappointing
저는 결과가 실망스러웠어요 = I was disappointed in the result

Question 19

love/(to love)

Answer 19

사랑(하다)

Common Usages:
사랑에 빠지다 = to fall in love
서로 사랑하다 = to love each other
사랑니 = wisdom tooth

Example:
저는 그 여자를 사랑해요 = I love that girl
저는 그 여자를 그때만 사랑했어요 = I only loved her at that time
저의 여자 친구가 완벽해서 저는 그녀를 사랑해요 = I love my girlfriend because she is perfect
저는 친구들로부터 사랑을 많이 받았어요 = I received a lot of love from friends
그 남자는 자기 여자 친구를 아직 사랑해요= That man still loves his girlfriend
저는 내일 저의 여자 친구를 위해 사랑편지를 쓸 거예요 = Tomorrow I will write a love letter for my girlfriend

Question 20

to be lovely

Answer 20

사랑스럽다

Common Usages:
사랑스러운 여자 = A lovely girl

Example:
그 여자는 사랑스러워요 = That girl is lovely
우리 딸은 사랑스러운 여자예요 = Our daughter is a loving/lovely girl
저는 그를 사랑스럽게 봤어요 = I looked at him lovingly
Lyrics from ‘강남스타일’: “아름다워 사랑스러워 그래 너 hey 그래 바로 너 hey”

Question 21

satisfaction/(to be satisfied)

Answer 21

만족(하다)

Notes: 만족하다describes the feeling of being satisfied. 만족스럽다 describes something that is satisfactory. 만족스럽다is sometimes used in sentences that translate to one’s feelings being “satisfied” using the Subject – Object – Adjective form. See Lesson 16.

Common Usages:
만족시키다 = to satisfy

Example:
저는 만족해요 = I am satisfied
그는 만족해요 = He is satisfied
부장님을 만족시키는 것은 어려워요 = Is it is difficult to satisfy our boss

Question 22

to be satisfactory

Answer 22

만족스럽다

Notes: 만족하다describes the feeling of being satisfied. 만족스럽다 describes something that is satisfactory. 만족스럽다is sometimes used in sentences that translate to one’s feelings being “satisfied” using the Subject – Object – Adjective form. See Lesson 16.

Examples:
PLAY결과는 만족스러웠어요 = The results were satisfactory
저는 음식이 만족스러웠어요 = I was satisfied with the food

Question 23

relationship

Answer 23

관계

Example:
미국과 한국의 관계가 좋아요 = Korea and the US have a good relationship
저는 엄마랑 아무 관계도 없어요 = I don’t have any relationship with my mother

Question 24

pencil

Answer 24

연필

Example:
연필 몇 개가 있어요? How many pencils do you have?
저는 그 수학문제를 연필과 종이로 풀었어요 = I solved that math problem using a paper and a pencil

Question 25

color

Answer 25

색깔

Common Usages:
“색” is used after the words of most colors.
For example: 빨간색 (red), 노란색 (yellow), 녹색 (green)

Example:
보라색은 제가 가장 좋아하는 색깔이에요 = Purple is my favorite color
가을에 잎의 색깔은 변해요 = The color of the leaves changes in the fall
PLAY그 여자의 머리 색깔은 자연스러워 = That girl’s hair color is natural

Question 26

result

Answer 26

결과

Common Usages:
결과가 나오다 = for the results to “come out”
결과가 만족스럽다 = for the results to be satisfactory
결과가 실망스럽다 = for the results to be disappointing

Example:
저의 시험 결과는 좋아요 = The result of my exam is good (my exam results are good)
간부들은 그 결과를 회의에서 발표했어요 = The executives announced that result at the meeting
PLAY결과는 만족스러웠어요 = The results were satisfactory
우리가 만족스러운 결과를 받았어요 = We received a satisfactory result

Question 27

world

Answer 27

세상

Examples:
세상에 가장 예쁜 여자는 누구예요? Who is the most beautiful girl in the world?
제 남편은 세상에서 제일 멋있어요 = My husband is the coolest in the world
힘과 권력이 있는 사람이 세상을 지배해요 = People with power (and strength) rule the world

그 아이는 세상에서 고립된 채로 10년간 살아왔어요
= That child lived isolated from the world for ten years

제가 세상에서 제일 싫어하는 것은 말다툼을 하는 거예요
= The thing I hate the most in the world is arguing (with people)

세상에는 아직도 여성의 인권이 매우 낮은 곳이 많습니다
= In this world even now, there are still many places where the rights of women are terribly low

댓글을 읽다 보니 세상에는 정말 다양한 사람들이 있다는 것을 깨닫게 되었어요
= After reading the comments I came to realize there really are all kinds of people in the world

Question 28

world

Answer 28

세계

Common Usages:
세계 평화 = world peace
세계 지도 = world map
세계화 = globalization
현실 세계 = real world
전 세계 = the whole world
세계여행 = world travel

Examples:
요즘에 세계 경제는 좋아지고 있어요 = The world economy is getting better these days
전 세계에서 온 관광객들은 그 축제에 갔어요 = Tourists from all over the world went to that festival

Question 29

conversation

Answer 29

회화

Common Usages:
영어회화 = English conversation
영어회화수업 = English conversation class
영어회화교사 = English conversation teacher
중국어회화 = Chinese conversation

Notes: “회화” is usually placed after the name of a language to refer to the conversation aspect of that language. It is not used to mean “to have a conversation.” The words 이야기하다 or 대화하다 should be used for that meaning.

Examples:
저는 중국어회화 수업을 듣고 있어요 = I am taking a Chinese conversation class
한국 학생들한테 영어회화는 중요하지 않아요 = English conversation isn’t important to Korean students

Question 30

chest

Answer 30

가슴

Common Usages:
닭가슴살 = chicken breast

Notes: Just like in English, this word can be used to refer to the general area of one’s chest, or a woman’s breasts. It can also be used to refer to one’s “heart.”

Examples:
한국사람들이 가슴에 털이 없어요 = Korean people don’t have hair on their chest
그 여자가 가슴이 커요 = That woman has big breasts
심장이 멈춘 듯이 가슴이 아파요 = My chest hurts as if my heart has stopped
당신의 눈을 응시할 때 가슴이 설레어요 = When I gaze into your eyes, my heart flutters
가슴이 떨릴 때는 심호흡을 깊게 하면 진정이 돼요 = When you are nervous, if you breathe deeply you can be calmed down

Question 31

title of something (book, etc)

Answer 31

제목

Common Usages:
노래 제목 = the name of a song
책 제목 = the name of a book

Example:
그 책의 제목은 뭐에요? = What is the title of that book?

Question 32

close/near by

Answer 32

근처

Notes: 근처 and 가깝다 are words that have similar meanings. 근처 is actually a noun but I feel it acts and feels like an adverb. 가깝다 is an adjective, which means it can predicate sentences and describe upcoming nouns. 근처 is most commonly used after a noun (like 위, 안, 밑, 뒤, etc…) to mean “close to…” for example:

대학로 근처에 극장이 많아요 = There are a lot of theaters near 대학로

It can also be used to generally just mean “close” to here. In these cases, 여기 can be omitted:
저의 친구는 (여기) 근처에 살아요 = My friend lives close (to here)

Question 33

recently

Answer 33

최근

Notes: This can be used before a noun to describe it. For example:
최근 날씨가 추워요 = The recent weather is cold

It can also be used with ~에 to generally mean “recently.” For example:
Example: 최근에 사람이 많이 와요 = Recently, many people have been coming

Question 34

to untie, to unfasten, to loosen

Answer 34

풀다

Common Usages:
코를 풀다 = to blow one’s nose
스트레스를 풀다 = to relieve stress
문제를 풀다 = to solve a problem
신발끈을 풀다 = to untie one’s shoes

Examples:
운동은 스트레스를 풀어요 = exercise relieves stress
저는 그 수학문제를 연필과 종이로 풀었어요 = I solved that math problem using a paper and a pencil
저는 그 수학문제를 연필과 종이로 풀었어요 = I solved that math problem using a paper and a pencil
이 붕대를 풀자마자 애기가 기어 다니기 시작해도 돼요 = As soon as you unravel this bandage, the baby can start crawling around

Question 35

to dream

Answer 35

꿈꾸다

Common Usages:
이상한 꿈을 꾸다 = to have a weird dream

Example:
저는 어젯밤에 이상한 꿈을 꿨어요 = I had a strange dream last night

Question 36

to be born

Answer 36

태어나다

Common Usages:
태어났을 때부터 = since I was born/my whole life
한국에서 태어나다 = to be born in Korean

Example:
저는 캐나다에서 태어났어요 = I was born in Canada

저는 한국에서 태어난 게 아니라 캐나다에서 태어난 교포예요
= I wasn’t born is Korea, I am a foreign-born Korean born in Canada

가난한 집안에서 태어나 이렇게 큰 성공을 이룬 이 사람의 이야기는 신화와 같아요
= The story of this person being born into a poor family and achieving this much success is like a myth/legend

저는 한국에서 태어났지만 태어나고 바로 미국으로 이사해서 한국어를 알아들을 수 없어요. 그래서 한국어를 이제 배우기로 했어요.
= I was born in Korea but moved to America right after I was born, so I can’t understand Korean. Therefore, I decided to learn Korean now.

Question 37

to go somewhere frequently

Answer 37

다니다

Common Usages:
기어다니다 = to crawl around
돌아다니다 = to wander around
학교를 다니다 = to attend school
다녀오다 = to go, and then come back
다녀오세요 = This can be used to say “goodbye,” as it literally translates to “to go somewhere, wander around, and then come back.”

Example:
어느 학교를 다녀요? = What school do you go to?
우리 딸은 그 고등학교를 다녀요 = Our daughter attends that high school
우리 어머니는 서울대학교를 다녔어요 = Our mom attended Seoul University
저는 6개월 동안 동남아시아에서 돌아다녔어요 = I wandered around South East Asia for 6 months

Question 38

to believe, to trust

Answer 38

믿다

Common Usages:

신을 믿다 = To believe in god
종교를 믿다 = To have/believe in a religion
저를 믿어 주세요 = (Please) Believe me!

Examples:
저는 그 사람을 믿을 수 없어요 = I can’t believe/trust that person
저는 그런 사람을 믿지 않아요 = I don’t trust that type of person/those types of people
관객은 대통령이 하는 말을 믿지 않았어요 = The audience didn’t believe what the president said

옛날에 그리스인들은 여러 가지의 신을 믿었어요
= A long time ago, Greek people believed in a variety of gods

그 친구는 남의 말만 믿고 저를 무시했어요
= That friend believed what other people said (about me), and ignored me

그 생물 선생님이 종교를 믿어서 자기가 가르치는 내용을 안 믿어요
= That Biology teacher doesn’t believe the content he teaches because he is religious (believes in a religion)

Question 39

to be close to, to be near

Answer 39

가깝다

Examples:
저의 친구의 집은 가까워요 = My friend’s house is close
저의 친구는 가까운 집에 살아요 = literally – my friend lives in a near by house

성수기가 가까워질수록 숙소비가 더 비싸져요
= As it gets closer to the peak season, the price of accommodation gets more expensive

그래서 나는 여행을 가기로 결심을 했다. 아일랜드와 지리적으로 매우 가깝지만 한 번 도 가지 않았던 영국에 가기로 결심했다
= So, I decided to go traveling. I decided to go to England, which, although geographically very close to Ireland, I had not been to once.

Question 40

to be difficult to do something

Answer 40

힘들다

Notes: This is a word that is difficult to translate. It’s usually used on things that are physically straining. However, something mentally straining (like solving a math problem) could also be ‘힘들다’ because those types of things might also elicit a physical response as well.

You’d be surprised how often you hear this word in Korean. Everything is ‘힘들다.’

Going out for a walk: 아~ 힘들어!
Taking the subway: 아~ 힘들어!
Cooking a meal: 아~ 힘들어!

Common Usages:
힘든 일 = difficult work
힘들겠다! = That must be difficult!
힘들어 죽겠다 = a common phrase people say “It’s so hard it’s like I’m going to die.”

Examples:
학생들을 가르치는 것은 힘들어요 = It is hard to teach students
이 문제를 극복하는 것이 힘들 거예요 = It will be difficult to overcome this problem
그 일이 힘들지 모르겠어요 = I don’t know if that work will be difficult
소방 훈련이 힘들어 보여요 = Firefighting training looks difficult

저는 멀리 살고 있기 때문에 집까지 걸어가기 힘들어요
= It is difficult to walk home because I live far

오늘 너무 힘들어서 저는 따뜻한 목욕을 하고 싶어요
= Today was really difficult, so I want to take a warm bath

Question 41

to be pure

Answer 41

순수하다

Example:
그녀는 아주 순수해 보여요 = She looks really innocent
하얀색은 가장 순수한 색깔이에요 = White is the purest color

Question 42

fruit

Answer 42

과일

Common Usages:
과일즙 = some sort of juice made from the juice of a fruit
과일이 상하다 = for fruit to spoil
과일이 신선하다 = for fruit to be fresh

Examples:
저는 과일을 싫어해요 = I dislike fruit
저는 주로 과일과 야채를 먹어요 = I mainly eat fruits and vegetables
사과는 가장 맛있는 과일이에요 = Apples are the most delicious fruit
저는 보통 점심식사로 과일만 먹어요 = I usually only eat fruit for lunch
저는 과일도 좋아하고 야채도 좋아해요 = I like fruit, and I like vegetables too

Question 43

alcohol

Answer 43

술

Common Usages:
술에 취하다 = to be drunk
술을 마시다 = to drink alcohol
술집 = bar (literally, “alcohol house”)
술배 = beer belly
술을 깨다 = to get sober

Examples:
술을 마셨어요? = Were you drinking? (did you drink alcohol?)
건강해지려고 술을 안 마실 거예요 = In order to get healthy, I will not drink alcohol
시간이 있으시면 술을 마시러 술집에 갑시다 = If you have time, let’s go to a bar to drink alcohol!

Question 44

leaf

Answer 44

잎

Common Usages:
나뭇잎 = a leaf from a tree

Examples:
가을에 잎의 색깔은 변해요 = The color of the leaves changes in the fall

Question 45

church

Answer 45

교회

Common Usages:
교회를 다니다 = to go to/attend church

Examples:
우리 가족은 일요일마다 교회를 다녀요 = Our family goes to church every Sunday
저는 내일 오전에 교회에 가야 돼요 = I have to go to church tomorrow in the morning

Question 46

river

Answer 46

강

Common Usages:
한강 = The Han River
강남 = south of the river/Gang-nam

Example:
강 옆에 큰 산이 있어요 = There is a big mountain next to the river
그 강은 완전히 말랐어요 = That river has completely dried up

Question 47

season

Answer 47

계절

Common Usages:
사계절 = four seasons

Example:
한국은 사계절이 있어요 = There are four seasons in Korea

Question 48

kitchen

Answer 48

부엌

Example:
요리사들은 저녁을 부엌에서 준비했어요 = The chefs prepared the dinner in the kitchen

Question 49

homeroom teacher

Answer 49

담임선생님

Examples:
담임선생님이 누구예요? = Who is your homeroom teacher?
그 문제에 대해 담임선생님과 함께 얘기했어요 = I talked about that problem with my homeroom teacher

Question 50

vacation

Answer 50

방학

Common Usages:
겨울 방학 = winter vacation
여름 방학 = summer vacation
방학 동안 = during vacation

Examples:
방학은 언제야? = When is vacation?
저는 방학 동안 공부를 많이 했어요 = I studied a lot during vacation
방학 동안 집에 안 갔습니까? = You didn’t go home during vacation?
한국에서는 겨울 방학이 여름 방학보다 더 길어요 = In Korea, winter vacation is longer than summer vacation
저는 방학 동안 책 두 권을 읽고 싶어요 = I want to read two books during vacation
방학 동안 저는 학교에 있고 싶지 않아요 = I don’t want to be at school during vacation

Question 51

pear

Answer 51

배

Common Usages:
배즙 = pear juice

Notes: Pears in Korea look more like apples, not like typical western pears.

Example:
한국 배는 서양 배와 달라요 = Korean pears are different from western pears

Question 52

radish

Answer 52

무

Notes: A Korean radish is different from a western radish. In Canada, I am used to radishes that are red on the outside and about the size of a golf-ball. Korean radishes are about the size of an American football and green and white in color.

Example: 한국 사람들은 무김치를 많이 먹어요 = Korean people eat a lot of radish kimchi

Question 53

potato

Answer 53

감자

Common Usages:
감자튀김 = fried potatoes (French fries)
감자조림 = potatoes in soy sauce (common Korean side dish)
감자를 삶다 = to boil potatoes

Examples:
저는 감자를 30분 동안 끓였어요 = I boiled the potatoes for 30 minutes
저는 감자를 칼로 잘랐어요 = I cut the potatoes with a knife

Question 54

knife

Answer 54

칼

Common Usages:
칼로 자르다 = to cut with a knife
칼 바람 = a very cold wind
칼날 = the blade of a knife

Example:
저는 감자를 칼로 잘랐어요 = I cut the potatoes with a knife

Question 55

sea

Answer 55

바다

Common Usages:
바닷가 = the area around the ocean/sea
바닷물 = sea water

Examples:
저는 아이들이랑 바다에서 수영했어요 = I swam in the sea with the kids
바다 근처에 바람이 세게 불어요 = The wind is strong near the ocean
바다는 춥고 더러워요 = The ocean is cold and dirty

Question 56

newspaper

Answer 56

신문

Common Usages:
신문지 = literally the paper of a newspaper
신문을 읽다 = to read the newspaper

Example:
한자는 한국 신문에는 많이 사용돼요 = Hanja (Chinese characters) are used a lot in Korean newspapers

Question 57

customer

Answer 57

고객

Common Usages:
고객님 = a polite way to say “customer”
고객센터 = customer center

Example:
고객님들은 항상 맞아요 = The customer is (customers are) always right
그 주인은 고객님들을 잘 대우해요 = That owner treats the customers well
오늘 고객이 많고 분위기가 좋아요 = Today there are a lot of customers and the atmosphere is good

Question 58

education

Answer 58

교육

Common Usages:
교육을 받다 = to receive education
교육청 = school board/office of education
서울교육청 = Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education
교육과정 = curriculum (often said as “커리큘럼” these days)
교육감 = the superintendent of a school board
교육 제도 = the education system

Example:
한국 교육 제도는 미국 교육 제도와 달라요 = Korea’s educational system is different from America’s educational system

Question 59

feelings

Answer 59

기분

Common Usages:
기분이 좋다 = to be happy, feel good
기분이 나쁘다 = to feel sad, “not good”
기분이 상하다 = for one’s feelings to be “spoiled” or hurt

Example:
그 말을 들었더니 기분이 상했어요 = My feelings were hurt after hearing that
그 일이 다 끝나서 지금 기분이 아주 좋아요 = Now that that work is finished, I am very happy

Question 60

turn (turn to go)/order

Answer 60

순서

Common Usages:
순서대로 = in order
순서를 바꾸다 = to change the order

Example:
제가 말을 할 순서예요 = It is my turn to speak

Question 61

exam/test

Answer 61

시험

Common Usages:
시험을 보다 = to write an exam
시험을 망하다 = to do bad on a test (literally, to “mess up a test”)

Examples:
저는 내일 시험을 볼 거예요 = Tomorrow I will write an exam
시험을 끝내기 전에 답을 확인하세요 = Check your answers before finishing the test
시험을 잘 못 볼까 봐 걱정돼요 = I’m worried that I won’t do well on the exam
저는 어제 시험을 잘 못 봤어요 = I did poorly on the exam yesterday
학생들의 20퍼센트만 시험을 합격했어요 = Only 20 percent of the students passed the exam
학생들이 시험을 보는 동안 저는 그들을 감독했어요 = I supervised the students while they wrote an exam
저는 영어 문법을 열심히 공부했고 시험을 잘 봤어요 = I studied English grammar hard and then did well on the test

Question 62

to stay

Answer 62

머무르다

Common Usages:
장소에 머무르다 = to stay at a place

Notes: 머무르다 can be used as 머물다, which is actually a shortened version of 머무르다.

머무르다 can be used any way and with any grammatical principle, but must be used in accordance with the 르 irregular. For example:

한국에서 온 교환학생이 우리 집에서 1년 동안 머물렀어요 = A Korean exchange student stayed at our house for a year

However, 머물다 cannot be used with all grammatical principles.
Any grammatical principle that starts with a consonant (and there is no option other than that one consonant), can be added to 머물다. For example:

머물다 + ~자 = 머물자 = okay
머물다 + ~고 = 머물고 = okay
머물다 + 겠다 = 머물겠다 = okay
머물다 + ~지 않다 = 머물지 않다 = okay

If a grammatical principle that is added to 머물다 is a vowel – and there is no other option other than a vowel – then that grammatical principle cannot be added to 머물다. The two most common grammatical principles where this occurs is when conjugating in the past or present tenses. For example:

머물다 + ~아/어(요) = 머물어요 – this is incorrect
머물다 + ~았/었어요 = 머물었어요 – this is incorrect
See Lesson 97 for more information.

Example: 우리는 10일 동안 부산에서 머물렀어요 = We stayed in Busan for 10 days

Question 63

to come by walking

Answer 63

걸어오다

Notes: Compound verb of 걷다 + 오다

Example:
우리는 차가 없어서 집에 걸어왔어요 = We didn’t have a car so we walked home

Question 64

to go by walking

Answer 64

걸어가다

Notes: Compound verb of 걷다 + 가다

Example:
전철역까지 걸어갈래요? = Shall we walk to the subway station?

Question 65

to invite

Answer 65

초대하다

Examples:
친구 열 명을 저의 생일 파티에 초대했어요 = I invited ten people to my birthday party
저는 저의 친구를 파티에 초대하고 싶어요 = I want to invite my friend to the party
나는 너를 파티에 초대하고 싶지 않아 = I don’t want to invite you to the party

Question 66

to welcome

Answer 66

환영하다

Example:
제 여자 친구는 저의 남동생을 반갑게 환영했어요 = My girlfriend happily welcomed my younger brother

Question 67

to be warm

Answer 67

따뜻하다

The pronunciation of this word is closer to “따뜨타다”
Common Usages:
따뜻하게 = warmly
따뜻하게 입다 = to dress warmly
따뜻한 마음 = a warm heart
날씨가 따뜻하다 = for the weather to be warm

Examples:
날씨가 추워서 따뜻한 옷을 입었어요 = The weather is cold, so I put on warm clothes
그 사람의 마음은 따뜻해요 = That person has a warm heart
저는 따뜻한 날씨를 좋아해요 = I like warm weather
오늘 날씨는 어제보다 더 따뜻해요 = Today’s weather is warmer than yesterday
저는 따뜻한 옷을 입고 싶어요 = I want to wear (put on) warm clothes
오늘 너무 힘들어서 저는 따뜻한 목욕을 하고 싶어요 = Today was really difficult, so I want to take a warm bath

Question 68

to be high

Answer 68

높다

Common Usages:
밀도가 높다 = to be dense (literally, for the density to be high)

Notes: To increase (or to heighten) something, the verb 높이다 can be used.

Examples:
애기는 높은 소파에서 떨어졌어요 = The baby fell from the high sofa
그 건물은 너무 높아요 = That building is very high
한국 집값은 일본 집값보다 훨씬 높아요 = The price of Korean houses is much higher than the price of Japanese houses

Question 69

to be poor

Answer 69

가난하다

Common Usages:
가난한 사람 = poor person
가난한 동네 = poor neighborhood

Examples:
저는 매우 가난해요= I am very poor
그 동네에는 가난한 사람이 많아요 = There are many poor people in that neighborhood

Question 70

to be low

Answer 70

낮다

Notes: To decrease (or to lower) something, the verb 낮추다 can be used.

Examples:
이 탁자가 너무 낮아요 = This table is too low
의자는 탁자보다 더 낮아요 = The chair is lower than the table
이 산은 높고 저 산은 낮아요 = This mountain is high, but that mountain is low

Question 71

a counter for books/magazines/etc

Answer 71

권

Common Usages:
책 한 권 = one book

Example:
저는 1년에 책 열 권을 읽을 수 있어요 = I can read 10 books in one year

Question 72

person’ – high respect form, also a high-respect counter for ‘people’

Answer 72

분

Notes: This is used instead of “사람” when the person deserves high respect. “분” is also used instead of “명” as a counter when the person deserves high respect.

Example: 그 분은 저의 선생님이에요 = That person is my teacher
선생님 몇 분 올 거예요? = How many teachers will come?

Question 73

monkey

Answer 73

원숭이

Example:
대부분의 원숭이는 나무에서 살아요 = Most monkeys live in trees
너는 원숭이 같이 보여 = You look like a monkey
원숭이는 바나나를 많이 먹어요 = Monkeys eat bananas

Question 74

subject in school

Answer 74

교과목

Examples:
캐나다 선생님들은 항상 두 개의 교과목을 가르쳐요 = Canadian teachers always teach two subjects
학생들은 교과목 두 개 중에 하나를 선택해야 해요 = Students must choose one out of the two subjects

Question 75

textbook

Answer 75

교과서

Common Usages:
영어교과서 = English textbook
교과서로 공부하다 = to study using a textbook

Example:
학교는 학생들한테 교과서를 제공하지 않아요 = The school doesn’t provide textbooks to the students

Question 76

rumor

Answer 76

소문

Common Usages
헛소문 = false rumor
소문을 내다 = to spread rumors

Notes: Often used with the ~는 것 conjugation of ~ㄴ/는다는 것. See Lesson 52 for more information.

Example:
그 여자의 남편이 비서랑 바람을 피운다는 소문이 있어요 = There is a rumor that that woman’s husband is having an affair with his secretary
저는 친구를 통해 소문을 들었어요 = I heard a rumor from my friend

Question 77

charger

Answer 77

충전기

Common Usages:
핸드폰 충전기 = cell phone charger

Notes: 충전하다 means “to charge.”

Example:
충전기가 없어서 핸드폰 충전을 못 해요 = I can’t charge my phone because I don’t have the charger

Question 78

bill

Answer 78

청구서

Common Usages:
청구서를 내다 = to pay a bill
전기요금청구서 = electricity bill
가스청구서 = gas bill

Example:
저는 은행에서 청구서를 냈어요 = I paid the bill at the bank

Question 79

cashier

Answer 79

계산원

Notes: 계산하다 means “to pay” or “to calculate”

Example:
계산원들은 돈을 많이 벌지 않아요 = Cashiers don’t earn a lot of money

Question 80

calculator

Answer 80

계산기

Notes: 계산하다 means “to pay” or “to calculate”

Example:
한국학생들은 수학문제를 계산기 없이 풀어요 = Korean students solve math problems without calculators

Question 81

business trip

Answer 81

출장

Common Usages:
출장비 = business trip expense
출장을 가다 = to go on a business trip

Example:
부장님은 내일까지 출장을 갔어요 = The boss went on a business trip until tomorrow

Question 82

rice cooker

Answer 82

밥솥

Common Usages:
밥솥에 밥을 짓다 = to make rice in a rice cooker

Example:
한국에서는 모든 집에 밥솥이 있어요 = All houses in Korea have a rice cooker

Question 83

novel

Answer 83

소설

Common Usages:
소설가 = a novelist
단편소설 = short story novel
장편소설 = full length novel

Example:
어떤 소설을 읽고 있어요? Which novel are you reading?
소설가의 설명은 아주 섬세해요 = The novelist’s explanation is very delicate/sophisticated

Question 84

encyclopedia

Answer 84

백과사전

Common Usages:
위키백과 = Wikipedia
백과사전에서 찾다 = to look up in an encyclopedia

Example:
저는 그 사실을 백과사전에 찾았어요 = I looked up that fact in an encyclopedia

Question 85

major (in university)

Answer 85

전공

Common Usages:
부전공 = minor
경제를 전공하다 = to major in economics
외국어를 전공하다 = to major in foreign languages

Example:
대학생 때 저의 전공은 영어였어요 = In University, my major was English

Question 86

scissors

Answer 86

가위

Common Usages:
가위로 자르다 = to cut with scissors

Example:
종이를 가위로 잘라요 = To cut paper with scissors

Question 87

skin

Answer 87

피부

Common Usages:
피부색 = skin color (the color of skin)
피부색깔 = one’s skin color

Example:
그 여자의 피부가 너무 부드러워요 = That girl’s skin is very smooth
유럽 사람의 피부는 하얘요 = European people’s skin is white

Question 88

army

Answer 88

군대

Common Usages:
군대에/를 가다 = to enter the military
군대를 파견하다 = to dispatch an army
군대를 지휘하다 = to command an army

Example:
저의 사촌은 군대에 갔어요 = My cousin went to the army
미국군대는 한국군대보다 더 커요 = The American military is bigger than the Korean military

Question 89

shoulder

Answer 89

어깨

Common Usages:
어깨에 메다 = to put something on one’s shoulders
어깨를 주무르다 = to massage one’s shoulders

Example:
저는 가방을 어깨에 멨어요 = I put the bag on my shoulders

Question 90

department store

Answer 90

백화점

Common Usages:
롯데 백화점 = Lotte Department Store
현대 백화점 = Hyundai Department Store

Example:
백화점에 옷이 너무 비싸요 = Clothes are too expensive in department stores
백화점에는 외부 주차장도 있어요 = There is a parking lot outside the department store as well

Question 91

air

Answer 91

공기

Common Usages:
공기가 맑다 = for the air to be clear
공기가 좋다 = for the air to be good
공기가 나쁘다 for the air to be bad
공기가 건조하다 = for the air to be dry

Example:
캐나다 공기는 아주 건조해요 = The air in Canada is very dry
공기가 나빠서 저는 숨을 못 쉬어요 = I can’t breathe because the air is bad

Question 92

dawn

Answer 92

새벽

Common Usages:
새벽에 일어나다 = to wake up early
새벽 2 시에 = at 2:00 in the morning

Notes: The word 오전 generally refers to anything before noon, but 새벽 is used to refer to something that is really early in the morning. Typically, 새벽 refers to the time before the sun rises.

Example:
저는 매일 새벽 5시에 일어나요 = I wake up every day at 5 a.m.

Question 93

inside part

Answer 93

내부

It is easy to understand the meaning of 내부 and 외부 if you understand their simple Hanja origins. 내(內) means “inside” and 외(外) means “outside.” You don’t need to worry about the Chinese characters just yet, but knowing that 외 and 내 usually have these meanings can help you tremendously when learning new words. If you want to go further, 부(部) (as in, 내부 and 외부) means “part.” 내부 then means “the inside part/the inside”, and 외부 means “the outside part/the outside.”

Example:
스타벅스의 내부 분위기는 매우 안락해요 = The atmosphere inside Starbucks is very comfortable

Question 94

outside part

Answer 94

외부

It is easy to understand the meaning of 내부 and 외부 if you understand their simple Hanja origins. 내(內) means “inside” and 외(外) means “outside.” You don’t need to worry about the Chinese characters just yet, but knowing that 외 and 내 usually have these meanings can help you tremendously when learning new words. If you want to go further, 부(部) (as in, 내부 and 외부) means “part.” 내부 then means “the inside part/the inside”, and 외부 means “the outside part/the outside.”

Example:
백화점에는 외부 주차장도 있어요 = There is a parking lot outside the department store as well
이 쪽은 건물 외부로 나갈 수 있는 길이다 = This way/direction will take you outside (to the outer part of the) the building

Question 95

to cut

Answer 95

자르다

Common Usages:
머리를 자르다 = to cut one’s hair
사람을 자르다 = to fire a person (literally “to cut a person”)

Example:
저는 어제 미용실에서 머리를 잘랐어요 = I got my hair cut in the beauty parlor yesterday
손톱을 왜 이렇게 짧게 잘랐어요? = Why did you cut your nails so short (like this)?
옆 집에서 사는 사람은 그 소나무를 잘랐을 것 같아요 = It seems like the person who lives in the house next door cut the pine tree

Question 96

to ask, to request

Answer 96

요청하다

Common Usages:
도움을 요청하다 (to ask for help)

Example:
저는 선생님에게 숙제에 대한 설명을 요청했어요 = I asked the teacher for an explanation of the homework

Question 97

to be wet

Answer 97

젖다

Example:
수영장에 들어간 후에 옷이 완전히 젖었어요 = My clothes are completely wet after going into the pool

빨래를 다 하고 젖은 옷을 줄에 걸었는데 빨래가 무거워서 줄이 바닥으로 늘어졌어요
= After doing the laundry, I hung the wet clothes on the line, but the laundry (clothes) were so heavy the line drooped to the floor

Question 98

to be unfortunate

Answer 98

안타깝다

Common Usages:
안타까운 상황 = unfortunate situation

Examples:
엄마가 우리랑 같이 못 먹어서 안타까워요
= It’s too bad that your mom can’t eat with us

상황이 조금 안타깝지만 어쩔 수 없다
= The situation is unfortunate, but there is nothing we can do (about it)

너무 안타까워서 내일 그 왕따를 놀리지 말자
= Let’s not tease that outcast tomorrow because it is too sad/sorry (of a situation)

성공하기 위해 매일 애쓰는 사람들을 보면 대단하면서도 안타까워요
= When I see people struggling to try to succeed, it is amazing but also sad at the same time

Question 99

mainly, mostly

Answer 99

주로

Notes: 주로 is an adverb that sounds a lot like an adjective in sentences. It is often put before nouns (like adjectives) to mean “mainly/mostly (noun).”

Example: 저의 친구는 주로 남자예요 = My friends are mostly men
저는 주로 과일과 야채를 먹어요 = I mainly eat fruits and vegetables

Question 100

western food

Answer 100

양식

Example:
한국 사람들은 양식을 보통 안 먹어요 = Korean people usually don’t eat Western food
PLAY한식은 양식보다 더 매워 = Korean food is spicier than western food

Question 101

height

Answer 101

키

Common Usages:
키가 크다 = to be tall
키가 작다 = to be short

Notes: 키 means “height” in Korean, but not the “height” of a building or some other object. It is only used when talking about the height of a person. “크다” means ‘big.’ The adjective for tall is 키가 크다, which just indicates that your height is big.

Example:
그 남자가 키가 너무 커요 = That man is very tall
저는 그보다 키가 더 커요 = I am taller than him

Question 102

star

Answer 102

별

Common Usages:
별자리 = constellation

Example:
하늘에 별이 많아요 = There are many stars in the sky

Question 103

attitude

Answer 103

태도

좋은 태도 = good attitude
나쁜 태도 = bad attitude

Example:
그 학생의 태도가 나빠요 = That student’s attitude is bad

Question 104

pay cheque

Answer 104

월급

Common Usages:
월급을 받다 = to get paid, to receive pay cheque
월급(을 받는) 날 = the day one gets paid
월급이 오르다 = to get a raise
월급이 깎이다 = to get less money than before (a pay cut)

Example:
저는 매월 24일에 월급을 받아요 = I get paid every month on the 24th

Question 105

downtown

Answer 105

도심

Example:
저의 여자친구는 안산 도심에서 살아요 = My girlfriend lives in the downtown of Ansan
저는 친구들과 도심에서 영화를 봤어요= I saw a movie with friends downtown
2호선은 서울 도심 주위를 돌아요 = Line 2 circles around the downtown of Seoul

Question 106

downtown

Answer 106

시내

Example:
저는 보통 친구들과 시내에서 놀아요 = I usually play with (meet) my friends downtown

Question 107

memory

Answer 107

추억

Common Usages:
추억을 쌓다 = to make memories (literally, “for memories to be piled up”)
추억을 만들다 = to make memories

Example:
저는 우리 엄마와 추억이 많아요 = I have a lot of memories with my mom

Question 108

candidate

Answer 108

후보자

Example:
후보자들은 내일까지 와야 돼요 = Candidates have until tomorrow to come
그들은 많은 후보자들 중에서 저를 뽑았어요 = They chose me from many candidates

Question 109

anniversary

Answer 109

주년

Notes: 주년is usually preceded by a number.

Example:
내일은 우리의 1주년이에요 = Tomorrow is our one year anniversary
우리 학교가 세워진 지 10주년이에요 = It is the 10th anniversary of our school opening

Question 110

body position/posture

Answer 110

자세

Notes: When exercising, the Konglish word “폼” (form) is often used.

Example:
이 자세 맞아요? = Is this posture right/correct?
운동할 때 알맞은 자세로 해야 돼요 = When you exercise, you need to do so with the correct posture

Question 111

usual

Answer 111

평소

Common Usages:
평소보다 = to be comparing something to the usual amount
평소처럼 = as usual
평소에 = usually

Example:
저는 평소보다 더 열심히 공부하고 있어요 = I am studying harder than usual
저는 오늘 평소처럼 공부해야 돼요 = I have to study today, as usual
현재 날씨는 평소보다 조금 추워요 = The present/recent weather is colder than normal

Question 112

old love

Answer 112

옛사랑

Example:
그녀는 옛사랑이었어요 = She was an old love

Question 113

old road/path

Answer 113

옛길

Example: 우리는 옛길을 따라 걸었어요 = We walked along, following the old road

Question 114

to wash

Answer 114

씻다

Common Usages:
손을 씻다 = to wash one’s hands

Notes: When washing one’s hair, the verb “감다” must be used.

Example:
손을 잘 씻고 먹어요 = To wash one’s hands well, and then eat
손을 씻으세요! = Wash your hands!

Question 115

to confirm, to check

Answer 115

확인하다

Example:
첨부파일을 확인하세요! = See/Check the attached file
시험을 끝내기 전에 답을 확인하세요 = Check your answers before finishing the test
그것을 확인해 봐!! = Try checking that
가격을 확인해보자 = Let’s check the price

Question 116

to gather, to collect

Answer 116

모으다

Common Usages:
돈을 모으다 = to save money
우표를 모으다 = to collect stamps

Example:
그는 옛날 동전을 모아요 = He collects old coins

Question 117

to collect

Answer 117

수집하다

The noun form of this word translates to “collection”

Example:
실험을 하기 전에 자료를 수집해요 = To collect data before doing an experiment

Question 118

to be narrow

Answer 118

좁다

Notes: Korean people would use the word “좁다” in make cases where English people would use the word “small.” Especially if an apartment or room is small, Korean people would say “방이 좁다.” The direct English translation of “this room is narrow” is unnatural in English.

Example:
이 길이 너무 좁아서 저는 못 들어가요 = I can’t go onto this road because it is so narrow
저의 방은 너무 좁아요 = My room is too small/narrow

Question 119

to be wide

Answer 119

넓다

Notes: 넓다 means “wide” but Korean people often say “넓다” when in English we would say “big.” Usually when they talk about how ‘big’ a room/house is, they will say that it is very “넓어.” In English, it would be awkward to say “This place is so wide!!”

Example:
우리 집은 매우 넓어요 = Our house is very big (wide)
그 차는 넓은 공간을 차지하고 있어요 = That car takes up a lot of room/space

Question 120

to be special

Answer 120

특별하다

Example:
그 박물관은 특별해요 = That museum is special
그 식당은 특별하지 않아요 = That restaurant isn’t special
그 사람은 특별한 개성이 있어요 = That person has a special personality

Question 121

to be lazy

Answer 121

게으르다

Example:
저의 남자 친구는 아주 게을러요 = My boyfriend is very lazy
저의 게으른 남동생은 하루 종일 아무것도 안 해요 = My lazy brother doesn’t do anything all day

Question 122

to be comfortable

Answer 122

안락하다

Notes: Essentially the same meaning as “편하다,” but much less common. 안락하다 would be more related to abstract things like the mood of a place or one’s life, whereas 편하다 would be more related to physical things that you can feel (like a bed being comfortable)

Example:
스타벅스의 내부 분위기가 매우 안락해요 = The atmosphere inside Starbucks is very comfortable

Question 123

many/various

Answer 123

여러

Common Usages:
여러 분 = many people (often used to refer to a group of people: 고객 여러 분!)
여러 번 = many/several times
여러 가지 = many types of

Notes: 여러 is an adverb that is placed before nouns to describe them

Examples:
저는 여러 가지의 단어를 배우고 싶어요 = I want to learn lots of different types of words
옛날에 그리스인들은 여러 가지의 신을 믿었어요 = A long time ago, Greek people believed in a variety of gods

Question 124

master/owner/proprietor

Answer 124

주인

Common Usages:
집주인 = landlord
주인공 = the main character in a movie, story

Examples:
그 강아지의 주인은 누구예요? = Who is the owner of that dog?
그 주인은 손님들을 잘 대우해요 = That owner treats the customers well

손님이 불행에 찬 눈으로 주인을 봤어요
= The customer looked at the owner with eyes “full of” unhappiness

경찰관은 강아지의 주인에게 십만 원의 벌금을 물었어요
= The police officers gave the owner of the dog a 100 000원 fine

Question 125

mistake/fault

Answer 125

잘못

The pronunciation of this word is closer to “잘몯”

Notes: This word would normally be easy, however it is more difficult than it needs to be because 잘못 (without a space) and 잘 못 (with a space) have to different meanings. See Lesson 20 for more information.

Question 126

temperature

Answer 126

기온

Common Usages:
최고기온 = the highest temperature
최저기온 = the lowest temperature

Notes: This is used for the temperature of the weather.

Example:
내일 최고기온은 10도예요 = Tomorrow the high temperature is 10 degrees

지구 기온이 점점 오르면서 한국에서 사계절이 사라진대요 = As the global temperatures gradually increase, they say that the “four seasons” in Korea is disappearing

Question 127

mirror

Answer 127

거울

Example:
여자는 자기의 모습을 거울에서 봤어요 = She looked at herself in the mirror
제 모습을 거울에서 보는 중이에요 = I’m looking at myself (my appearance) in the mirror

집주인이 부서진 거울을 찾아낼까 봐 걱정돼요
= I’m worried that the landlord will find the shattered mirror

뒤에 있는 차가 저의 시야에 있게 거울을 조금 움직였어요
= I moved the mirror a little bit so that the cars behind me would be in my field of vision

Question 128

powder

Answer 128

가루

Common Usages:
밀가루 = flour
꽃가루 = pollen
고춧가루 = hot pepper powder

Examples:
케이크 반죽에 밀가루를 넣으세요 = Put some flour into the cake batter, please

봄에는 꽃가루 알레르기를 조심해 야 해요
= You need to be careful about pollen allergies in the spring

한국의 주식이 쌀이에요. 그래서 밀가루보다는 쌀로 만든 음식이 더 많아요
= The staple food of Korea is rice. Therefore, there are more foods made from rice than flour

Question 129

muscle

Answer 129

근육

Common Usages:
근육질이다 = to be muscular
근육통 = muscle pain
근육을 키우다 = to build muscles

Examples:
목에는 근육이 많아요 = There are many muscles in your neck
남자는 자기 근육을 여자들에게 드러냈어요 = The man revealed his muscles to the girls

허벅지 근육은 균형을 유지하는 데 중요한 역할을 해요
= The muscles of your inner-thigh play an important role in maintaining one’s balance

Question 130

darkness

Answer 130

어둠

Common Usages:
어둠이 무섭다 = to be afraid of the dark

Notes: This is the noun form of 어둡다 (dark)

Examples:
부부는 어둠으로 사라졌어요 = The couple disappeared into the darkness
저의 돈을 훔치고 범죄자들은 어둠으로 사라졌어요 = The criminals disappeared into the darkness after stealing my money

Question 131

basic/basics

Answer 131

기본

Common Usages:
기본요금 = basic fare
기본적으로 = basically

Example: 그 학생은 물리의 기본도 이해하지 못해요 = That student doesn’t even understand basic physics

무역회사에서 일하고 싶으면 기본적으로 영어를 할 줄 알아야 해요 = If you want to work at a trade company, you need to know how to speak basic English (at a basic level)

Question 132

accident

Answer 132

사고

Common Usages:
교통사고 = car/traffic accident
사고가 나다 = for an accident to happen

Examples:
집에 가는 동안 사고를 당했어요 = I got into an accident on my way home

한국 정부는 교통사고를 방지하려고 노력하고 있어요
= The Korean government is trying to prevent traffic accidents

사고가 났음에도 불구하고 경기가 계속되었어요
= The game/match continued despite the accident that arose

사고가 났지만 저의 아버지가 많이 다치지 않았다니 다행이에요
= Even though there was an accident, I am thankful to hear that my dad wasn’t that hurt

Question 133

traffic

Answer 133

교통

Common Usages
교통사고 = car/traffic accident
교통카드 = bus card
대중교통 = mass transportation
교통혼잡 = traffic jam/congestion

Examples:
교통카드가 있었나요? = Did you have your bus (transportation) card?

휘발유가 비쌀수록 교통비가 비싸져요
= The more expensive gasoline is, the more expensive transportation costs will be

교통사고에서 사람 다섯 명은 부상을 당했어요
= Five people were injured in the traffic accident

사람이 너무 많아서 서울에서는 교통혼잡이 심해요
= The traffic jams in Seoul are severe because there are too many people

교통혼잡 때문에 약 한 시간 정도 더 걸릴 것 같아요
= Because of the traffic jam, it will probably take about another hour

PLAY이상 = a noun to indicate that something is more than something else

Question 134

a noun to indicate that something is more than something else

Answer 134

이상

Notes: It is hard to imagine this being a noun based on the translation about, but grammatically it is a noun. By putting 이상 after something, it can have the meaning of “more than.” For example:

열여덟 살 이상 = over 18 years of age
두 명 이상 = more than two people
이 년 이상 = more than two years
그 가게에 18세 이상만 들어가도 돼요 = Only people older than 18 years can enter that store

It is common to use “더 이상” to indicate that one will not do something “anymore.” For example:

저는 이 영화를 더 이상 보고 싶지 않아요 = I don’t want to watch this movie anymore

Question 135

to treat somebody

Answer 135

대우하다

Notes: 대하다 is a common word with a similar meaning

Common Usages:
친절하게 대우하다 = to treat nicely
함부로 대우하다 = to treat badly
동등하게 대우하다 = to treat evenly
공평하게 대우하다 = to treat fairly

Examples:
그 주인은 손님들을 잘 대우해요 = That owner treats the customers well
저는 저의 여자 친구를 공주처럼 대우해요 = I treat my girlfriend like a princess
아이들을 성별에 따라 대우하는 것이 좋지 않아요 = It’s not good to treat children based on their gender

Question 136

to retire

Answer 136

퇴직하다

Common Usages:
퇴직금 = severance pay (you get this when you leave a company, not when you retire. Usually, each year a person works at a company, they will accrue money into their 퇴직금. Whenever they leave, they can get it all in a lump sum).

명예퇴직 = “retiring with honor” (usually used when somebody retires before the regular retiring age. The opposite of this [to retire at the regular retiring age] is정년퇴직)

Examples:
사람들은 보통 65살이 되면 퇴직해요 = People usually retire when they are 65 years old
그 선생님은 지금 그만두거나 퇴직을 할 수 있어요 = That teacher could quit or retire now
퇴직하자마자 연금을 받을 수 있습니다 = As soon as you retire, you can receive your pension

Question 137

to receive (an application)

Answer 137

접수하다

Common Usages:
접수 마감일 = the final date to receive something

Notes: 접수하다 is a weird word. It technically means “to receive,” but it usually used when the subject is giving something. It doesn’t make much sense, but that is how it is used.

Example:
저는 서울대학교에 원서를 접수했어요 = This should translate to “I gave my application to Seoul University” or “I applied to Seoul University,” but it also technically means “Seoul University received my application. This word is not said very often. You will see it written more commonly than you will hear it spoken.

Question 138

to chew

Answer 138

씹다

Common Usages:
음식을 씹다 = to chew food
꼭꼭 씹다 = to chew thoroughly

Example:
수업 시간 동안 껌을 씹지 마세요 = Don’t chew gum during the class

Question 139

to interpret

Answer 139

통역하다

Common Usages:
통역사 = interpreter

Example:
저는 한국어를 못해서 통역사가 필요해요 = I need an interpreter because I can’t speak Korean

Question 140

to translate

Answer 140

번역하다

Common Usage:
직접 번역하다 = to translate directly

Examples:
그 영화가 일본어로도 번역되었다 = That movie was also translated to Japanese

학생들은 그 이야기를 한국어에서 영어로 번역할 거예요 = The students will translate that conversation (or story) from Korean to English

Question 141

to stir

Answer 141

젓다

Common Usages:
커피를 젓다 = stir coffee

Example:
저는 반죽을 딱딱할 때까지 저었어요 = I stirred the batter until it was hard

Question 142

to gain, to improve, to increase

Answer 142

늘리다

실력을 늘리다 = improve one skills
길이를 늘리다 = increase the length
… 수를 늘리다 = increase the number of something
… 시간을 늘리다 = increase the time of something

Examples:
저의 친구는 한국어 실력을 늘렸어요 = My friend increased his Korean skills

우리 사업규모를 내년에 늘릴 계획이 있어요
= We have plans to increase the scale of our business next year

1년에 재해방지훈련을 하는 횟수를 두 번에서 네 번으로 늘릴까 해요
= I am thinking about raising the number of times we do disaster prevention training per year from two times to four times

한국어실력을 늘리고 싶으면 선생님이 한국 사람들이랑 의사소통을 많이 하라고 그랬어요
= If I want to expand my Korean language ability, my teacher told me to communicate a lot with Korean people

Question 143

to fall into

Answer 143

빠지다

Common Usages:
늪에 빠지다 = an idiom for being stuck in something (literally, “to fall into a swamp”)
사랑에 빠지다 = to fall in love

Example:
열심히 운동하고 지금 힘이 빠졌어요 = After exercising, I now have no energy (my energy has all fallen out)

Question 144

to escape, to come out of

Answer 144

빠져나오다

Notes: This is a compound word with the meanings of 빠지다 and 나오다 combined.

Example:
회사장은 많은 시위자들로부터 드디어 빠져나왔어요 = The CEO finally escaped (came out of) the crowd of protestors

Question 145

to escape, to go out of

Answer 145

빠져나가다

Notes: This is a compound word with the meanings of 빠지다 and 나가다 combined.

Example:
군인들은 적의 덫에서 못 빠져나갔어요 = The soldiers could not escape the enemy’s trap

Question 146

to be confused

Answer 146

헷갈리다

Notes: Learners sometimes this that 헷갈리다 is an adjective that describes something as “confusing.” However, 헷갈리다 is a verb which describes the mental struggle that goes on in one’s head when confused (often when having to remember or choose from multiple choices).

Example:
이 문제 답이 A인지 B인지 헷갈려요 = I’m confused if the answer to this question is A or B
나는 엄마의 핸드폰 번호가 맨날 헷갈려요 = I’m confused every day (always) of my mother’s cell phone number
이 음식에 소금을 넣는 건지 설탕을 넣는 건지 헷갈려요 = I’m confused if I put salt or sugar in this food

Question 147

to be gained, improved, increased

Answer 147

늘다

늘다 follows the ㄹ irregular
Notes: This is the passive form of the active verb “늘리다”

Examples:
저의 친구의 한국어 실력이 많이 늘었다 = My friend’s Korean (skills) really increased/got better
저의 친구는 한국어 실력을 늘렸다 = My friend increased his Korean skills

Question 148

to be round, to be spherical

Answer 148

둥글다

Example:
미식축구공은 둥글지 않아요 = The American football ball isn’t round

Question 149

to be dark

Answer 149

어둡다

Example:
교실이 너무 어두워서 학생들은 칠판을 볼 수 없어요 = The students can’t see the board because the classroom is too dark
지금 점점 어두워지고 있어서 우리는 산에서 내려가야 돼요 = We need to go down the mountain, because it is gradually getting darker

Question 150

of course

Answer 150

물론

Often used as an adverb, for example:
물론 와도 돼요! = Of course you can come!

It can also be used as a noun (predicated with 이다). For example:
돈을 줄 것은 물론이죠 = Of course I will give you the money