Vocab Units 21-25 Flashcards
news
소식
Common Usages:
소식을 듣다 = to hear news
좋은 소식 = good news
나쁜 소식 = bad news
Notes: This word does not mean the “news” that you see on TV. Rather, it is the word to describe a piece of information, that we often call “news” in English.
Example:
나쁜 소식이 있어요 = There is some bad news
좋은 소식을 들었어요? = Did you hear the good news?
저는 그 소식을 듣고 충격을 받았어요 = I was shocked when I heard the news
우리 딸이 애기를 낳을 거라는 소식을 들었을 때 저는 기쁨에 취했어요
= I was filled with joy when I heard the news that my daughter will be having a baby
wedding
결혼식
Common Usages:
결혼식을 치르다 = to hold a wedding ceremony
결혼식을 하다 = to hold a wedding ceremony
Notes: Usually, by adding 식 to the end of a noun in Korean, the noun turns into some sort of a ceremony. 결혼 + 식 = marriage ceremony (wedding).
Examples:
결혼식은 언제예요? = When is the wedding?
저는 그들에게 결혼식에 갈 거냐고 물어봤어요 = I asked if they were going to the wedding
저는 한국의 형식적인 결혼식을 별로 좋아하지 않아요 = I don’t really like Korean style weddings
우리는 결혼식의 날짜를 아직 안 정했어요 = We still haven’t set a date for the wedding
우리가 한국 전통 결혼식을 할 거예요 = We will have a traditional Korean wedding
postage stamp
우표
Common Usages:
편지에 우표를 붙이다 = to put a stamp on a letter
우표를 모으다/수집하다 = to collect stamps
Example:
저는 어렸을 때부터 우표를 모았어요 = I have collected stamps ever since I was young
god
신
Common Usages:
식신 = eating god – somebody who eats a lot
신을 믿다 = to believe in god
Example:
옛날에 그리스인들은 여러 가지의 신을 믿었어요 = A long time ago, Greek people believed in a variety of gods
schedule
예정
Common Usages:
~ㄹ/을 예정 = to be scheduled to do something (see Lesson 50 for more information)
예정 대로 = as scheduled, according to schedule
Example:
우리가 내일 도착할 예정이에요 = We are scheduled to arrive tomorrow
저는 내일의 예정을 바꿨어요 = I changed tomorrow’s schedule
수업이 4시쯤에 시작될 예정이에요 = The class is scheduled to start at about 4:00pm
그녀는 이번 달에 애기를 낳을 예정이에요 = She is scheduled to give birth this month
비행기가 9시에 출발할 예정이지만 눈이 많이 와서 못 출발할 것 같아요
= The plane is scheduled to depart at 9:00, but it probably won’t because it is snowing a lot
우리가 제주도에 내일 갈 예정인데 태풍이 와서 갈 수 있는지 없는지 모르겠어요
= We are scheduled to go to Jeju tomorrow, but because of the typhoon we might not be able to go
오늘 삼성과 두산은 이번 시즌 우승을 위한 마지막 승패를 다툴 예정입니다
= Today, Samsung and Doosan (the sponsoring companies of two baseball teams in Korea) are scheduled to fight/compete (in the last game) for this season’s title
booger, a small amount of something
코딱지
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “코딱찌”
Common Usages:
코딱지만큼 = an idiom to say something is really small, for example:
아빠가 코딱지만큼 먹었어요 = Dad only ate a little bit!
Example:
코딱지를 먹지 마세요! = Don’t eat your boogers!
아주머니는 저한테 고기를 코딱지만큼 줬어요 = The lady only gave me a small amount of meat
rice paddy
논
Common Usages:
논을 갈다 = to plow a rice paddy
Example:
한국에서 논이 진짜 예뻐요 = Rice paddies in Korea are really beautiful
nap
낮잠 (자다)
Common Usages:
낮잠을 자다 = to take a nap
Examples:
저는 오늘 오후에 낮잠을 잤어요 = I took a nap in the afternoon today
낮잠을 언제 잤어요? = When did you take a nap?
애기들이 다 낮잠 자고 있어요 = All the babies are taking a nap
나는 사자를 보는 게 무서웠지만 어쨌든 우리는 사자가 있는 곳에 도착했다. 하지만 사자는 낮잠을 자고 있었다.
= I was afraid of seeing the lions, but, at any rate, we arrived at the place where the lions were. However, the lions were taking a nap.
opinion, feedback
의견
Common Usages:
의견을 내다 = to give an opinion
의견을 존중하다 = to respect an opinion
의견을 구하다 = to ask for an opinion
Example:
저는 의견을 말할 기회가 아직 없어요 = I still haven’t had a chance to say my opinion
저의 의견을 설명했지만 그 사람들이 제 말에 동의하지 않았어요
= Even though I explained my opinion, they didn’t agree with what I said
이 의견에 대해 찬성을 하는 사람은 손을 들어 주세요
= People in agreement about this opinion, please raise your hands
to disappear
사라지다
Common Usages:
자국 없이 사라지다 = to disappear without a trace
걱정이 사라지다 = for worries to disappear
눈앞에서 사라지다 = to disappear in-front of one’s eyes
Example:
어느 겨울 꽃이 다 사라졌다 = Some winter, all the flowers disappeared
부부는 어둠으로 사라졌어요 = The couple disappeared into the darkness
토끼가 어두운 숲으로 사라졌어요 = The rabbit disappeared into the dark forest
저의 돈을 훔치고 범죄자들은 어둠으로 사라졌어요
= The criminals disappeared into the darkness after stealing my money
무대 위에서 노래를 부를 때마다 저의 걱정과 고민은 모두 사라져요
= Whenever I sing on stage all of my worries and fears disappear
지구 기온이 점점 오르면서 한국에서 사계절이 사라진대요
= As the global temperatures gradually increase, they say that the “four seasons” in Korea is disappearing
to graduate
졸업하다
Common Usages:
졸업생 = a graduate
졸업식 = a graduation ceremony
Examples:
졸업을 언제 했어요? = When did you graduate?
어느 대학교를 졸업했어요? = Which university did you graduate from?
저는 10년 전에 서울대학교를 졸업했어요 = I graduated from Seoul University 10 years ago
아들이 대학교를 졸업해서 우리는 축하를 해야 돼요
= Now that our son has graduated from University, we need to congratulate him
캐나다에서는 간호대학을 졸업하자마자 간호사 일자리를 잡을 수 있어요
= In Canada, as soon as you graduate from nursing school/college, you can find a position as a nurse
to check into a hospital
입원하다
Notes: This often translates to “enter a hospital,” but it actually used to say that one enters a hospital, and then gets admitted. You would not use this word if you enter a hospital to visit somebody or to do some other task there.
Examples:
어제 병원에 입원했나요? = Did you go to/get admitted to the hospital yesterday?
할머니는 어제 아파서 입원했어요
= Grandma checked into the hospital yesterday because she was sick
저희 엄마는 어제 길에서 미끄러져서 병원에 입원했어요
= Yesterday our mom slipped on the road and went got admitted to the hospital
to check out of a hospital
퇴원하다
Example:
언제 퇴원할 수 있어요? = When will you be able to leave the hospital?
to win
이기다
Notes: In English the words “beat” and “win” are slightly different. However, in Korean, 이기다 is used for both of these words.
Example:
우리는 다른 팀을 농구경기에서 이겼어요 = We beat the other team in the basketball game
우리는 3대 2로 경기를 이겼어요 = We won the game 3 to 2
우리는 좋은 공격으로 그 팀을 이겼어요 = We beat that team using good offense
저는 형이랑 싸움에서 이겼어요 = I won in a fight with my brother
to lose
지다
Example:
우리는 결국 마지막 경기에서 졌어요 = We ended up losing in the last game
to regret
후회하다
Common Usages:
후회 없이 = without regrets
행동을 후회하다 = to regret an action
Example:
저는 그것을 말한 것을 후회해요 = I regret saying that
그는 자기 차를 팔고 후회했어요 = He regrets selling his car
to be pleasant
즐겁다
Common Usages:
즐겁게 = pleasantly
Examples:
날씨가 좋아서 산책하는 것은 즐거워요 = It is pleasant go to for a walk because the weather is so nice
고등학교 때는 같이 있는 것이 재미있었고 학교 가는 게 즐거웠었는데! 여전히 친구를 만나니 즐겁고 행복하다. 같은 추억을 가지고 있는 친구와 여전히 친구라는 사실이 이렇게 좋은 줄은 몰랐다.
= It was very fun being together during high school time, and I enjoyed going to school (High school was very fun). I am happy and enjoying myself because I am still meeting my friends. I didn’t know it was so good/nice to still have friends with whom I have the same (childhood) memories with (I am glad that I can still meet old friends with whom I share childhood memories with).
to not be enough, to be lacking
부족하다
Common Usages:
돈이 부족하다 = to be short of money
시간이 부족하다 = to be short on time
Examples:
그 사람의 말은 항상 진실성이 부족해요 = That person’s words always lack sincerity
그 사람은 참을성이 부족해서 못 기다렸어요 = That person is not patient (lacks patience), so he could not wait
밧줄의 길이가 너무 부족하다고 했어요 = I said that the length of this rope is not enough (insufficient)
시간이 부족해서 모든 내용을 가르칠 수 없어요
= I can’t teach all the material because there is a lack of time
돈이 부족해서 그것을 살 수 있는지 없는지 모르겠어요
= I don’t know if I can buy that or not because I don’t have enough money
시간이 부족해서 우리는 계획을 변경해 야 돼요
= We need to change the plans because of the lack of time
삼성이 이 축제를 후원해서 돈이 부족할 리가 없어요
= Samsung is sponsoring this event, so there is no way money can run out
to be simple
간단하다
Common Usages:
간단히, 간단하게 = simply
Examples:
저는 학생들한테 그것을 간단히 설명했어요 = I explained it simply to the students
한번 머리를 염색해 보니까 염색이 생각만큼 간단하지 않다는 걸 알게 됐다
= Now that I have tried/attempted to dye my hair, I realize/can assert that doing so is not as simple as one thinks
also
역시
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “역씨”
Notes: Similar to the particle ~도. However, 역시 does not get added directly to nouns.
역시 also gets placed as an adverb in sentences for feeling when the speaker says something that is “as expected.”
나 역시 수학을 좋아하지 않아 = I also don’t like math
some
몇몇
Common Usages:
몇몇 사람 = some people
몇몇 학생 = some students
Notes: Usually placed before a word meaning “people” to mean “some ____”
especially, particularly
특히
Example:
학생들은 그 선생님을 특히 좋아해요 = Students especially like that teacher
저는 특히 오른발이 왼발보다 커서 신발을 살 때 불편해요
= My right foot is particularly larger than my left foot, so it is hard for me to buy shoes
하지만 시간이 흐르면서 나는 점점 더 외로움을 느꼈다. 특히 친하게 지냈던 친구들이 각 자 자기 나라로 돌아가기 시작하자 더 외로움을 느꼈다.
= But, as time when by, I gradually started to feel lonely. Especially as/when each of my close friends started to go back to their own countries, I felt lonelier.
특히 내가 가장 좋아한 선물은 바로 분홍색 인형이었다. 그 인형은 너무 귀엽고 색깔도 예뻤다. 우리는 생일 축하 노래를 부르고, 선물을 교환하고 맛있는 음식을 먹었다.
= My particularly favorite present of all was the pink doll. That doll was very cute and the color was pretty. We sang ‘happy birthday,’ exchanged presents and then ate delicious food.
already
이미
이미 can replace 벌써 in the first usage described above, but not the second one. That is, it can be used to indicate that one action has “already” happened. For example:
저는 그 사실을 이미 알고 있었어요 = I already knew that fact
내가 밥을 이미 먹어서 지금 먹고 싶지 않아 = Because I already ate, I don’t want to eat now
저는 이미 여자 친구가 있어요 = I already have a girlfriend
아빠가 돈을 이미 낸 것 같아요 = It seems like dad already paid
부장님이 그 일을 이미 다 한 것 같아요 = It seems like the boss already did all that work
already
벌써
벌써 can be used to indicate that one action has “already” happened. These actions are usually finished when then speaker uses “벌써.” For example:
저는 그 사실을 벌써 알고 있었어요 = I already knew that fact
내가 밥을 벌써 먹어서 지금 먹고 싶지 않아 = Because I already ate, I don’t want to eat now
It can also be used to indicate that an action happens earlier than expected. These actions don’t have to be finished for the speaker to use 벌써. For example:
벌써 나갈 거야? = You are already leaving?
학교가 벌써 끝났어요? = School is already finished?
gradually
점점
Common Usages:
점점 나빠지다 = to gradually get worse
점점 좋아지다 = to gradually get better
점점 추워지다 = to gradually get colder
Example:
요즘에 날씨가 점점 추워져요 = Lately, the weather is getting gradually colder
중학생들의 치마는 점점 짧아지고 있어요 = Middle school students’ skirts are getting shorter and shorter
eggs
계란
Common Usages:
계란찜 = steamed egg
계란 후라이 = fried eggs
계란 한 판 = a carton of eggs (this is also sometimes used as an idiom to say that somebody is thirty years old because there are typically 30 eggs in a carton of eggs in Korea)
Example:
저는 계란 두 개를 그릇에 넣었어요 = I put two eggs into the bowl
a seat, a place to put something
자리
Common Usages: 자리가 없다 = there is no place/nowhere to sit/no space 자리가 있다 = there is a place/somewhere to sit/space 자리를 잡다 = to save hold onto a seat 일자리 = a position at work 제자리 = the right/proper place 자리를 뜨다 = to get up from a seat 자리를 차지하다 = to occupy a place, seat
Notes: Incredibly common word that is used in very important situations. 자리 is some area of space, but not really 3-dimensional space. It is more space on the ground or something similar to that. For example, if somebody is standing where you are standing, you could say “get out of my place/my spot!” In that case, you can use 자리. In practice, it is very commonly used to have the meaning “seat”:
자리가 없어요 = There are no seats/there is nowhere to sit
그 책을 제자리에 두세요 = Put that book back in its place
각 자리에 번호가 쓰여 있어요 = There is a number written on each seat
importance, emphasis
중요성
Common Usages:
중요성을 깨닫다 /인식하다 = to realize the importance
중요성을 강조하다 = to stress the importance
Example:
한국 학생들은 영어의 중요성을 깨닫지 못해요 = Korean students don’t realize the importance of English
a fine
벌금
Common Usages:
벌금을 내다 = to pay a fine
벌금을 부과하다 = to impose a fine on somebody
Example:
PLAY벌금은 얼마였어요? = How much was the fine?
경찰관은 강아지의 주인에게 십만 원의 벌금을 물었어요 = The police officers gave the owner of the dog a 100 000원 fine
file
파일
Common Usages: 첨부파일 = attached file 파일을 보내다 = to send a file 파일을 복사하다 = to copy a file 파일을 삭제하다 = to delete a file
Example:
첨부파일을 확인하세요! = See the attached file
저는 이메일에 파일을 첨부했어요 = I attached a file to the e-mail
저는 파일을 2시쯤 보낼 거예요 = I will send the file at approximately 2:00
lotion
로션
Common Usages:
로션을 바르다 = to apply lotion
Example:
손이 부드럽지 않아서 로션을 발랐어요 = I put lotion on my hands because they weren’t soft
customs, habit
습관
Common Usages:
식습관 = eating habits
습관을 만들다 = to start a habit
Example:
한국 사람들은 옛날 습관을 아직도 따라요 = Korean people still follow old customs
자기 전에 라면을 먹는 습관이 있어요 = I have the habit of eating ramen before going to bed
skirt
치마
Common Usages:
짧은 치마 = short skirt
치마를 입다 = to put on a skirt
Example:
어떤 치마를 사고 싶어요? = Which skirt do you want to buy?
중학생들의 치마는 점점 짧아지고 있어요 = Middle school students’ skirts are getting shorter and shorter
step, phase, stage
단계
Common Usages:
단계적으로 = in stages, step-by-step
Example:
그 학생은 아직 첫 번째 단계에 있어요 = That student is still at the first stage
some sort of negative act
짓
Common Usages:
뭐 하는 짓이야? = What are you doing? (This is used when somebody is doing something weird, and you want to ask them “What the h*ll are you doing?”)
Example:
그 나쁜 짓을 왜 했어요? = Why did you do that (bad action)?
to occupy a space
차지하다
Common Usages:
자리를 차지하다 = to occupy a place, seat
Example:
그 차는 넓은 공간을 차지하고 있어요 = That car takes up a lot of room/space
to collect, to come and pick up
수거하다
Common Usages:
분리수거 = to separate garbage before collection
Notes: This word is most commonly used to refer to people coming to pick up garbage (garbage collection). You would think that this word wouldn’t be very common (how often do you talk about garbage collection), but it is used fairly often if you live in Korea.
Example:
쓰레기는 월요일마다 수거된다 = Garbage is collected every Monday
to attach (a file)
첨부하다
Common Usages:
첨부파일 = attached file
Example:
저는 이메일에 파일을 첨부했어요 = I attached a file to the e-mail
그 파일을 첨부했습니까? = Did you attach the file?
첨부파일을 확인하세요! = See/Check the attached file
to tear, to rip
찢다
Common Usages:
찢어지다 = to be torn, ripped
옷을 찢다 = to rip one’s clothes
갈기갈기 찢다 = to rip to shreds
Notes: If you want to say that you ripped a hole in your clothes, you can also use the idiom “빵구가 났다”
Example:
누가 이 옷을 찢었어요? = Who ripped the clothes?
저의 여자 친구는 제가 쓴 편지를 찢었어요 = My girlfriend ripped up the letter that I wrote for her
to expect
예상하다
Common Usages:
예상대로 = as expected
예상치 = an estimate
Example:
저는 돈을 더 많이 벌 것을 예상했어요 = I expected to make (earn) more money
to be correct
올바르다
Common Usages:
올바른 길 = the right path – both figuratively and literally
Example:
저는 올바른 평가를 받지 않았어요 = I didn’t receive the proper evaluation
to be complicated
복잡하다
Common Usages:
일이 복잡하다 = for work to be complicated
길이 복잡하다 = for a street to be busy (usually with people)
Examples:
설명은 너무 복잡한가요? = Is the explanation too complicated?
한국으로 이민하는 과정은 복잡해요 = The process of immigrating to Korea is complicated
책상이 너무 복잡해서 책을 조금 치워 야 돼요 = I need to clear the books a bit because my desk is very messy/unorganized
to be short, to be brief
짧다
Common Usages:
짧은 시간 = a short time
짧은 머리 = short hair
혀가 짧다 = to have a lisp (literally, to have a short tongue)
Example:
학생들은 짧은 영화를 보고 있어요 = The students are watching a short film
머리를 짧게 잘라 주세요 = Cut my hair short, please
손톱을 왜 이렇게 짧게 잘랐어요? = Why did you cut your nails so short (like this)?
중학생들의 치마는 점점 짧아지고 있어요 = Middle school students’ skirts are getting shorter and shorter
usually
대개
Example:
어린 한국 사람들은 대개 영어로 조금 말할 수 있어요 = Young Korean people can usually speak English a little bit
outside
바깥
Notes: This can be placed before a noun to describe it or to refer to the outside in general.
Examples:
미친 사람이 바깥에서 춤을 췄어요= A crazy man was dancing outside
바깥 날씨가 추워요 = The weather outside is cold
reciprocally
서로
Notes: When you have two nouns as the subject, you can indicate that something was done to each other (reciprocally)
Example:
우리는 서로 편지를 줬어요 = We gave letters to each other
must read
필독
Notes: Technically a noun, but usually the translation makes it sound like it is a verb with an emphasis attached to it.
Example: This word is usually used by itself at the top of messages (or as the subject of an e-mail) to indicate that the message is a “must read”
how many days
며칠
Common Usages: This word has three main usages:
When asking somebody how many days they will do something
When asking what day it is
To say “a few days ago”
Examples:
한국에서 며칠 있었어요? = How many days were you in Korea?
오늘은 며칠이에요? = What day is it today?
우리는 며칠 전에 만났어요 = We met a few days ago
(the color) green
초록색
Notes: Color words that end in “색” are nouns. However, these words are often used like adjectives by placing them before a noun.
Examples:
제가 가장 좋아하는 색깔은 초록색이에요 = My favorite color is green
저는 초록색 펜으로 썼어요 = I wrote with a green pen
(the color) purple
보라색
Examples:
저의 아버지는 보라색 차를 사고 싶어요 = My father wants to buy a purple car
비가 온 다음 날에 하늘은 보라색으로 바뀌었어요 = The sky turned purple the day after the rain
(the color) light green
연두색
Example:
연두색(의) 바지를 샀어요 = I bought green pants
(the color) pink
분홍색
Example:
대부분(의) 여자들은 분홍색(의) 가방을 골랐어요 = Most girls chose the pink bag
(the color) brown
갈색
Example:
그 여자의 머리가 갈색이에요 = That girl’s hair is brown
(the color) grey
회색
Example:
물이 왜 이렇게 회색이에요? = Why is the water grey like this?
(the color) red
적색
Common Usages:
적신호 = a red light, warning sign
Example:
정부는 지진 가능성 때문에 적색 경보를 내렸어요 = The government issued a red alert because of the possibility of an earthquake
snow
눈
Common Usages: 눈보라 = blizzard 눈을 치우다 = to shovel/clean up snow 눈이 녹다 = for snow to melt 눈이 오다 = for it to snow
Examples:
저는 집 앞에 있는 눈을 다 치웠어요 = I cleaned up the snow in-front of the house
비행기가 9시에 출발할 예정이지만 눈이 많이 와서 못 출발할 것 같아요 = The plane is scheduled to depart at 9:00, but it probably won’t because it is snowing a lot
blizzard, snow storm
눈보라
Example:
내일 눈보라가 올 거라고 했어요 = They say there will be a snowstorm tomorrow
