Vulval cancer Flashcards
(11 cards)
What is the main type of vulval cancer?
Squamous cell carcinomas
What are the risk factors for vulval cancer?
- Advanced age (part over 75)
- Immunosuppression
- HPV 16 and 18
- Smoking
- Lichen sclerosus - 5% of women get vulval cancer
What is vulval intraepithelial neoplasia?
A precancerous condition affecting squamous epithelium of the vulva which can precede vulval cancer
What is the type of VIN associated with HPV infection?
High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
What is differentiated VIN?
Alternative type of VIN associated with lichen sclerosus
What are management options for VIN?
- Watch & wait with close follow up
- Wide local excision
- Imiquimod cream
- Laser ablation
How does vulval cancer present?
- Vulval lump
- Itching
- Inguinal Lymphadenopathy in the groin
- Ulceration
- Bleeding
- Pain
Where does vulval cancer most frequently affect?
Labia majora giving an appearance of irregular mass, lesion, ulceration & bleeding
How do you establish diagnosis of vulval cancer?
- Biopsy - punch or excisional
- Sentinel node biopsy
- Further imaging for staging
What staging is used to stage vulval cancer?
FIGO
What is the management for vulval cancer?
- Wide local excision to remove the cancer
- Groin lymph node dissection
- Chemotherapy
- Radiotherapy
