W2Ch11 WBC Disorders

Question 1

Chronic myelogenous leukemia is caused by

Answer 1

A rearrangement in chromosomes to produce BCR/ABL and overproduces leukemia cells. This leads to a high granulocyte count

Question 2

Chronic myelogenous leukemia pathophysiology

Answer 2

The Philadelphia chromosome on a gene is translocated and produces a fusion gene. This abnormality is the target of drug therapies.  this causes increased white blood cell count. 

Question 3

Chronic myelogenous leukemia treatment

Answer 3

Gene therapy, such as a kinase inhibitor - tyrosine kinase and responses poorly to chemo

Question 4

Chronic myelogenous leukemia symptoms

Answer 4

This has a slower onset of symptoms and do not require treatment as quickly. It causes mild anemia and thrombocytopenia.  other symptoms are weight loss, fatigue, diaphoresis, bleeding, and abdominal discomfort from an enlarged spleen.

Question 5

Chronic myelogenous leukemia affects what part of the body

Answer 5

Genes, spleen/abdominal discomfort 

Question 6

Chronic myelogenous leukemia is common in what type of people?

Answer 6

Usually affects adults for months two years.  represents about 15% of all leukemia cases in the US. It is slightly more common in men than women, and rarely occurs in childhood or adolescence. 

Question 7

Multiple Myeloma pathophysiology

Answer 7

result from transformation and proliferation of precursor stem cells in bone marrow
abnormal stem cells clone and build up in the bone marrow until they are released into circulation

Question 8

Multiple Myeloma is caused by

Question 9

Multiple Myeloma is aka

Answer 9

plasma Cell Myeloma

Question 10

Multiple Myeloma treatment

Question 11

Multiple Myeloma symptoms

Question 12

Multiple Myeloma affects what part of the body

Answer 12

Bone

Question 13

Hairy Cell Leukemia pathophysiology

Answer 13

 There is an activating gene mutation of BARF V600E this mutation is also found in malignant melanomas, non-small cell lung, and colon cancer

Question 14

Hairy Cell Leukemia is common in what type of people?

Answer 14

This is a rare type of leukemia that affects about 2% of adult leukemia’s, but it is highly treatable  it affects those exposed to particular herbicides, and a slight increase the risk to those with a family history of this leukemia. common in men in their mid-50s.

Question 15

Hairy Cell Leukemia treatment

Answer 15

Chemotherapy is an option, but a more effective cure is allogenic stem cell transplant 

Question 16

Hairy cell leukemia symptoms

Question 17

Multiple myeloma is common in what type of people?

Question 18

Hairy Cell Leukemia affects what part of the body

Answer 18

Blood

Question 19

What is a leukemia?

Answer 19

circulating tumors involving bone marrow and blood

Question 20

Lymphoma

Answer 20

localize in lymph and disseminated to other sites

Question 21

Plasma cell myeloma

Answer 21

malignant transformation of B-cell plasma cells formed in bony structures usually

Question 22

S&S of lymphomas and leukemias

Answer 22

• Malaise, weakness
• Unexplained fever and night sweats
• Recurrent infections
• enlarged, nontender lymph nodes
• very high WBC count or abnormal cell types

Question 23

What do lymphoid cells give rise to?

Answer 23

to natural killer cells b cells and t cells

Question 24

What do myloid cells give rise to?

Answer 24

rest of leukocytes, RBC, and platelets

Question 25

leukemias are more likely to come from what line of neoplasm?

Answer 25

myeloid stem cells (blood)

Question 26

Lymphomas are more likely to come from what neoplasm?

Answer 26

lymphoid neoplasm

Question 27

What are some causes of lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms?

Answer 27

viruses, radiation and chemical exposure, reduction or alteration of hematopoiesis, genetic

Question 28

What are some S&S of leukopenia

Answer 28

lymphadenopathy or swelling lymph notes, weight loss, anorexia

Question 29

CM of anemia

Answer 29

pallor,
fatigue malaise, shortness of breath and decreased energy