W5 - Lecture 5 Flashcards
(37 cards)
What is an attitude? What is an important part of attitudes?
An attempt to gauge the goodness/badness of things in our world.
An integral part to attitudes is the evaluation of things = attitudes involve a value judgment.
What are the components of an attitude?
- Affective Component
- Cognitive Component
- Behavioral Component
Why does Prof. believe that attitudes always require an affective component?
Because attitudes require a value judgement and value judgments imply emotional reactions. ie. good things = make us happy; bad things = make us sad
What is the relationship between the different components of an attitude?
The affective and cognitive component are thought to be more closely linked and are thought to have a bidirectional relationship.
Where does affective value come from?
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What are the two core motives for evaluation? How do we resolve conflicts between the two motives?
- The motive to feel right.
2. The motive to feel good.
How does evolution play a part in affective value formation? Provide examples.
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How does one’s personality play a part in affective value formation? Provide examples.
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How do culture and social norms play a part in affective value formation? Provide examples.
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How do early and recent experiences play a role in affective value formation? Provide examples.
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How does the brain assign affective value? What parts of the brain are involved in this evaluation?
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What is salience? Why is salience relevant to affective evaluation?
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What emotions form attitudes?
Fear, pleasure….
What components are involved in an affect?
- Sensation: Most sensations have some sort of affective feeling
- Emotion: Emotions are more complex than sensations –> result in predictable behaviors
- Attitude: Cognitive evaluation
*The line between these components is blurry and unclear, however.
What does ventral pallidum damage imply about the relationships between affective evaluation and emotions?
Damage to this region reverses the affective value of things one once found pleasurable. This suggests that the emotional component is crucial to forming affective judgments.
What is the difference between wanting and liking?
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How does wanting show up neurally?
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How does liking showing up neurally?
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How are “liking” and “wanting” independent of one another? What benefits does having separate “wanting” and “liking” faculties bring? (Berridge and Robinson (2016))
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What is the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the somatic marker hypothesis?
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What does damage to the VMPFC show about moral decision-making?
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What is the social intuitionist model of moral judgments?
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How does feeling arise? What is the hard problem of consciousness?
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What does Finkel, Simpson and Eastwick’s (2017) research suggest about how feelings arise?
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