W7D2 Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is intelligence?
The ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly,
comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly, and learn from
experience
What is general intelligence?
A factor that influences performance on all intellectual tasks.
What is the evidence for general intelligence?
Measures of general intelligence correlate with grades, brain volume, information processing speed, and speed of neural transmission.
What is fluid intelligence?
The ability to deal with new and unusual problems
What is crystallized intelligence?
Acquired knowledge, including verbal knowledge and expertise in a subject.
Who designed the first intelligence tests?
Alfred Binet
What does the WISC tell us?
The overall quantitative measure of child’s intelligence, relative to other children of that age.
What do IQ scores predict, when it comes to success?
36-64% of the variance in success.
I.Q. test scores correlate with…
GPA in high school & college, job success, salary,
stability of marriage, staying out of jail, longevity.
What’s the single best predictor of academic success we have?
IQ test.
I.Q. test scores predict about ______ of the variation in academic success across people
25%
Speed of habituation and
robustness of dishabituation
correlate with _________ in
childhood & adolescence
greater IQ
People’s IQs are _____________ to
their biological relatives’ than their
adopted relatives
more similar
When is IQ most heritable?
In adulthood.
How do we know school increases IQ?
Even for kids of same age, we see big IQ differences depending on grade level.
A change from a deprived environment to an enriched one
results in __________ in IQ
improvement
In low-SES families (poverty), the IQ of identical twins is not more _________ than the IQ of fraternal twins
similar
What causes stability in IQ scores over the lifespan?
- Genetic factors (recall: IQ is highly heritable)
- Stability in the child’s environment over time
What causes change over time in IQ over the lifespan?
- Random factors (differences in alertness on day of test)
- Changes to the child’s environment (positive effects of schooling; adverse
effects of poverty & other adverse childhood experiences
Are IQ performances more variable for men or women?
Men
What is practical intelligence?
- Includes mental abilities not measured on IQ tests (‘emotional intelligence’)
- Predicts occupational success above and beyond IQ
Children who delayed longer in the marshmallow task at age 4 were
more academically competent, more socially competent, and better able to plan for the future at age 14.
What did they use to measure the effectiveness of the Tools of the Mind program?
Used measurement of exectutive function. Tasks where you need to inhibit distractions, and switch from one response type to another.
What’s one example of a measurement of executive function?
The flanker test, where you quickly respond with the direction of center arrow.
