week 1. body region Flashcards
(77 cards)
What is Homeostasis
is the ability to maintain a constant internal environment (optimal functioning) in response to environmental changes. Body stays at equilibrium
What helps body Maintain Homeostasis
All body systems work together to maintain homeostasis
Levels of organization in human body
Atoms->molecules->macromolecules->organelles->cells->tissues->organs->systems->organism
Atoms
he smallest particles with unique chemical
identities
Molecules
make up organelles and other cellular
components
macromolecules
proteins, carbohydrates, fats,
DNA
Organelles
microscopic structures in a cell that carry
out its individual functions
Cells
the smallest units of an organism that carry out
all the basic functions of life
Tissues
a mass of similar cells and cell products that
form discrete region of an organ and performs a
specific function
Organ
structure composed of two or more tissue
types that work together to carry out a particular
function
Organ System
Human body made of system
Organism
complete individual
Integumentary system
Skin and accessory structures
Protection, temperature control, sensory functions
skeletal system
Bones form a supportive framework for body, offer protection for organs, bone marrow produces blood cells, bones store minerals
Muscular
Skeletal muscle: attached to bones—provides body movement and heat production
Cardiac muscle: found in heart—pumps blood to the boday
Smooth muscle: found in blood vessels, hollow organs in GI tract, airways, and more—allows for movement of a substance
Nervous
Allows for communication between brain and spinal cord and other parts of the body
Endocrine
Uses chemicals called hormones to help regulate body functions
Includes endocrine glands such as pituitary, pancreas, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and many more
Cardiovascular
Includes blood, blood vessels and heart
Transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other substances to body cells
Lymphatic
Works with the Cardiovascular system to remove excess fluid from tissues
Provides Immunity (protection against pathogens and invaders) via white blood cells and specialized structures
Digestive
Breaks down food (mechanical and chemical breakdown) into molecules (such as nutrients) that can be absorbed into the blood. The cells need these molecules to function. Digestive tract starts at mouth and ends at anus
Respiratory
Provides oxygen to the blood and eliminates carbon dioxide
from blood.
urinary
filters blood to remove waste
reproductive
production of sex cells
anatomical position
stand straight up, feet on floor, arms at side, palms out
