Week 1. Lecture 2 Flashcards
What is are some definitions of Health?
- the state of complete mental, physical and social well being not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
OR
- Health can also mean the dynamic state or condition of the human organism and is a result from the person’s interaction with and adaptations to their environment
What is wellness?
An approach that focuses on balancing the many aspects of a person’s life through enhancing conditions and behaviors rather than minimizing conditions of illness
What is the unit of measure that refers to “categorical”?
It means grouping into categories such as healthy or unhealthy or high blood pressure or low blood pressure
What is continuous measure of health?
The health status quantified over time such as high blood pressure over time. Also can be terminally ill vs average health vs. optimal health
What is disease prevention?
The process of reducing risks and alleviating disease to promote, preserve, and restore health to minimize stress. An example can be the COVID vaccine or mammogram.
What is health education?
The combination of planned learning experiences based on sound theories that provide groups or communities the opportunity to have information that will make them choose healthy decisions
What is health promotion?
Any combination of educational, political, etc, that help conditions of living in individuals, groups, and communities. ex: mask mandate
What is public health?
The art and science of protecting the health of communities through education and promotion of healthy lifestyles for disease and injury prevention
What is population health?
The health outcomes of a group of individuals including the distribution of such outcomes within the group. This can be done by breaking groups down by their race, age, geography
What is global health?
Health problems, issues, and concerns that transcend national boundaries and are beyond the control of individual nations. An example, is COVID 19 where it had a strong effect at the global level or/also climate change.
What is the goal of disease prevention?
The main goal of disease prevention is to prevent people from getting a disease and becoming unhealthy. An example is using sunscreen prevention to prevent skin cancer.
What is the goal of health promotion?
The main goal of health promotion is to push people to become healthy. An example is encouraging them to take vitamins or exercise.
How do you calculate proportions?
of events/total population
How do you calculate prevalence?
sick/well + sick which shows much disease there is. Also a PROPORTION
What are rates?
The measure of the frequency with which an event occurs in a defined population over a specified period of time
How do you calculate a rate?
of events/population time
What is population time?
person years or mid year population
What is mid year population?
pop. Jan 1 + pop. Dec 31/ 2
What is the crude rate?
Rate for a total population. A RATE.
How do you calculate a crude rate?
of events of interest/ estimated midyear population * 100,000
What is an adjusted rate?
Rate for a total population but is adjusted for a total population but is statistically adjusted for a specific characteristic such as age. Is a RATE
How do you calculate an age specific rate?
of events of interest within a specific age range/ estimated midyear population in that age range * 100,000
What is an incidence?
How fast are the new events of interest occurring and is a RATE
How do you calculate incidence rate?
per 1000 people= # of new event in pop during specific time/ # of person year at risk during spec. time * 1000
