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RMT TERM 1 > WEEK 1 MSAK 1 > Flashcards

WEEK 1 MSAK 1 Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

What does Anatomical Position look like?

A
  1. Body upright
  2. Head and eyes facing forward
  3. Feet flat on the floor and forward
  4. Upper limbs to the side
  5. Palms turned forwards
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2
Q

What does the Skeletal System do?

A

Supports and protects the body/provides surface area for muscle and organs/Helps with movement/Stores minerals

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3
Q

What does the Muscular System do?

A

Produces body movement/Produces body heat/Provides body stability

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4
Q

What are the 4 body planes?

A
  1. Sagittal Plane
  2. Frontal/Coronal Plane
  3. Transverse Plane
  4. Oblique Plane
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5
Q

What does the Sagittal Plane do?

A

Divides the body through the middle/Non-equal line is called the parasagittal plane

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6
Q

What does the Frontal/Coronal Plane do?

A

Divides the body by splitting into the front(anterior) and back(posterior)

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7
Q

What does the Transverse Plane do?

A

Divides the body by splitting it into the superior(upper) and inferior(lower)

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8
Q

What does the Oblique Plane do?

A

Passes through the body at an angle/Between the transverse and sagittal/Between the transverse and frontal

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9
Q

What does anterior and posterior mean?

A

Anterior=Front
Posterior=Back

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10
Q

What does superior and inferior mean?

A

Superior=Upper
Inferior=Lower

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11
Q

What does proximal and distal mean?

A

Proximal=Closer to trunk
Distal=Further from trunk

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12
Q

What is the Axial Skeleton?

A
  1. 80 bones
  2. They lie along the longitudinal axis
  3. They are the middle bones: spine, skull…etc.
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13
Q

What is the Appendicular Skeleton?

A
  1. 126 bones
  2. Upper and lower bones: humerus, femur…etc.
  3. Pelvic girdle=hip bones
  4. Pectoral girdle=shoulder bones
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14
Q

What are the 5 basic types of bones?

A
  1. Long
  2. Short
  3. Flat
  4. Sesamoid
  5. Irregular
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15
Q

What is a long bone?

A

Length>Width

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16
Q

What is a short bone?

A

Almost cube-shaped, with width and length almost equal

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17
Q

What is a flat bone?

A

Thin bones

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18
Q

What is a sesamoid bone?

A

Develop in tendons(knee cap)

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19
Q

What is an irregular bone?

A

Variable shape bones

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20
Q

Where are sutural bones found?

A

In joints between skull bones

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21
Q

What are the 2 major surface markings?

A
  1. Depressions and Openings
  2. Processes
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22
Q

What are depressions and openings?

A

Depressions and openings are cavities in bones(skull)

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23
Q

What are processes?

A

Parts that grow out of the bone/Help form joints or attach points for connective tissue

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24
Q

What do joints do?

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A

They hold bones together, sometimes allow movement

25
What is the point of contact?
1. Between 2 bones 2. Between cartilage and bones 3. Between teeth and bones
26
What does cartilage do and where is it found?
Cartilage acts like a lubricant to reduce friction between bones and is found on the end of bones
27
What is bursae?
Fluid-filled saclike structure made by connective tissue
28
What does bursae do?
Reduce friction between moving structures
29
Where are bursae found?
Shoulder/Elbow/Wrist/Hip/Knee/Foot/Ankle joints
30
What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
1. Skeletal muscle tissue 2. Cardiac muscle tissue 3. Smooth(visceral) muscle tissue
31
What does voluntary mean?
It means you have the move the muscle consciously
32
What does involuntary mean?
It means the muscle moves on its own unconsciously
33
Where is skeletal muscle tissue found?
Primarily attached to bones
34
Where is cardiac muscle tissue found?
Forms the wall of the heart
35
What is soft(visceral)tissue found?
Located in the viscera/Around all organs in your body
36
What are the 5 functions of muscle tissue?
1. Producing body movements 2. Stabilizing body positions 3. Regulating organ volumes 4. Movement of substances within the body 5. Producing heat
37
What does origin mean?
Beginning of the muscle
38
What does insertion mean?
End of the muscle
39
What are tendons?
A dense cord of connective tissue/Attaches muscle to a bone/Or attaches skin to another muscle
40
Where is the origin found?
The point at which the muscle attaches to a bone/Origin of muscle does not move
41
Where is the insertion found?
The point at which the muscle attaches to the skin, bone or another muscle/Insertion of a muscle moves the muscle
42
Where is the belly/fleshy portion of the muscle found?
Found between the origin and insertion
43
What is muscle tone?
Involuntary contractions of a small number of muscle fibres/Keeps the muscle firm even when relaxed/Keep your body upright in position/Maintains blood pressure
44
What is an aponeurosis?
A tendon that extends as a broad/flat layer
45
What is a ligament?
Connective tissue that connects bone to bone
46
What is a tendon sheath?
Tube like structure made by connective tissue wrap around tendons of the muscles at wrist and ankle where many tendons come together in a confined space
47
What are the 2 types of fascia?
1. Superficial fascia 2. Deep fascia
48
What is superficial fascia?
It's loose connective tissue & fat underlying the skin/It is the same layer as the hypodermis in skin/It contains the superficial veins and sensory nerves.
49
What is deep fascia?
Dense irregular connective tissue under the superficial fascia that wraps the body/It is well defined in limbs.
50
What are the 4 nerves?
1. Motor neurons 2. Sensory neurons 3. Spinal neurons 4. Cranial neurons
51
What are nerves?
Cable-like bundle of dendrites or axons
52
What are dendrites?
Signal receivers
53
What are axons?
Signal transmitters
54
What are motor neurons?
Carry messages from the brain or spinal cord to muscles, telling them to move
55
What are sensory neurons?
Nerves that receive sensory stimuli/How something feels and if it is painful..etc.
56
What are spinal neurons?
Generally refers to the mixed sensory and motor spinal nerves/Comes out of the spinal cord/ Supplies nerves to most of the skeletal muscles in our body
57
What are cranial neurons?
There are 12 cranial nerves on left/right side/Nerves that emerge directly from the brain/They contain sensory and motor nerve fibers/Supply the nerves to some neck and head muscles
58
What are the 3 cranial nerves?
5. Trigeminal nerve 7. Facial nerve 11. Accessory nerve

RMT TERM 1 (10 decks)

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