Week 1 Stress Response Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is stress?
An individualized response to a stimulus that you cant cope with
What are the two sources of stress?
Stressors:
endangering a person’s well-being. can be multiple and prolonged stress.
Daily hassles:
daily living stress
What is Eustress?
What is Distress?
Eustress: Stress from positive events that motivate people to overcome challenges
Distress: A negative response to stress when demands exceed coping ability
What is Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?
What are its 3 stages of physiological response?
A physical response to stress
3 stages:
1. Alarm - fight or flight response in the body
- Resisttance - immune system helps adapt to the stress and expends energy
- Exhaustion - all energy has been expended (person may become ill)
what 3 anatomy systems does stress affect?
Do these 3 systems affect other systems in the body? (yes/no)
nervous
endocrine
immune
yes
Sympathetic nervous system stimulates the
__________________ to release epinephrine and
norepinephrine (flight or fight response)
adrenal medulla
What is cortisol?
What happens when it gets released by the adrenal glands?
A stress hormone to help you respond to stress
-Increases glucose levels (energy levels)
-increases blood pressure
-regulates metabolism
-reduces inflammation
What is Psychoneuroimmunology?
the interactions
among psychological, neurological, and immune responses
True or false: Stressors have the potential to lead to alterations in immune function.
True
True or false: Acute stress is good for ones adaptive ability to survive
True or false: If stress is excessive or prolonged, physiological responses can be maladaptive and lead to harm and disease
True
True
What happens in the stress response between the hypothalamus, pituitary and adrenal gland, and the sympathetic nervous system?
- Hypothalamus gets stress signals. Sends a signal to the pituitary gland.
- Pituitary Gland Releases ACTH hormone
- Adrenal Glands Get ACTH signal and releases hormones: cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine.
- Sympathetic Nervous System Activates “fight or flight” (increases in
cardiac output, blood glucose levels, oxygen consumption, and
metabolic rate. Dilation of blood vessels heightens mental alertness).
How can stress lead to…
Renal failure?
Stress ulcers?
Infection?
Less blood flow to kidneys (vasoconstriction)
Less blood flow to stomach (vasoconstriction)
Immune system compromised
How does Selye define stress?
An inability to cope with a demand (good or bad)
- A client who has undergone extensive surgery for multiple injuries endures a period of increasing blood pressure, heart rate, and alert-ness. Which stage of general adaptation syndrome are these symptoms most characteristic of?
a. The resistance state of general adaptation syndrome
b. The alarm reaction of the general adaptation syndrome
c. The stage of exhaustion of general adaptation syndrome
d. An individual response stereoty pe
b. The alarm reaction of the general adaptation syndrome
What is the difference between a stress and a stressor?
Stress is a response (one instance) and stressor endangers someones well being (ongoing and multiple)
Which is better for the body, long term or short term stress?
Short-term (acute) stress helps us adapt and survive.
Long-term (chronic) stress weakens the body’s defenses.
It can lead to illness or worsen existing health conditions.
What is allostasis?
achieving homeostasis in the presence of a challenge
True or False: everyone has the same reaction to stress
False
Stress activates the central nervous system, which then activates the __________ system and ___________ system to deal with the stress.
immune system and endocrine system
When stressed, the nervous system activates which 4 parts of the brain?
-cerebral cortex (stressor evaluated and plans a course of action)
-Limbic system (emotions and behaviour to ensure survival occur)
-Riticular Formation (RAS sends impulses and wakes up brain)
-Hypothalamus - (connects endocrine and sympathetic nervous system)
True or false: stress can come from internal or external sources
True
What are the 3 types of stressors that can set off the central nervous system?
Physiological
Psychological
Spiritual
