Week 11 + 12 Flashcards
(110 cards)
1
Q
Drug use is much safer after the age of _____.
A
25
2
Q
What age did Canada originally want the legal age of drug use to be?
A
25
3
Q
One area of concern for drug use in youth is the increase in recreational use of ________ medication.
A
ADHD
4
Q
What over-the-counter medication is increasingly being used for non-medicinal purposes?
A
Cough + cold medications
5
Q
What is the biggest drug of concern?
A
Alcohol
6
Q
Which drug does not get the same media attention as the rest?
A
Alcohol
7
Q
1% of Ontario youth reported illicit ________ use in the last year.
A
opioid
8
Q
Relative to other countries, cannabis use in Canada is very ______.
A
high
9
Q
What age range has the highest use of cannabis?
A
16-25
10
Q
Overall, who uses cannabis the most?
A
Men
11
Q
How does testing waste water determine drug use in population?
A
If drugs are consumed, bowel movements will release “ingredients” from drugs
12
Q
When waste water was tested in 2019, Edmonton had relatively ______ drug usage compared to other Canadian cities.
A
low
13
Q
Determining cannabis as NOT a performance enhancing drug at the Olympics has aided in the ____________ of drug use in youth.
A
normalizing
14
Q
What is the most used illicit drug in Canada?
A
Hallucinogens
15
Q
What is the second and third most used illicit drug in Canada?
A
- Cocaine / crack
- Ecstasy
16
Q
What are the top 3 cities in Canada that have the most crack cocaine in their wast water?
A
- Halifax
- Montreal
- Edmonton
17
Q
Edmonton is the top city in Canada for which drug found in waste water?
A
Meth
18
Q
What percent of Canadians, aged 18+, reported using some form of opioids in the past 5 years?
A
30%
19
Q
What are the top 2 cities associated with illicit morphine use?
A
- Vancouver
- Edmonton
20
Q
Post-COVID, deaths associated with fentanyl __________ drastically.
A
increased
21
Q
Until recently, there has been poor _________ regarding anti-drug use in youth.
A
education
22
Q
Anti-drug campaigns such as “Just Say No” actually ________ drug use.
A
increased
23
Q
What did campaigns such as DARE or Brain On Drugs not address?
A
The cause of drug use
24
Q
Historical anti-drug use campaigns used ___________ approaches.
A
behavioural
25
Which country had the most succesfful anti-drug use educational campaign targeting youth?
Austrailia
26
If we social type the Stoner Sloth campaign, what was the description?
Stoner Sloth
27
If we social type the Stoner Sloth campaign, what was the evaluation? (name 2)
Dumb, slow, antisocial, unmotivated, lacking ambition
28
If we social type the Stoner Sloth campaign, what was the prescription? (name 2)
Shaming, abandonment, teasing
29
The Stoner Sloth campaign was successful because of its use of _____-_____ scenerios.
real-life
30
T/F : The Stoner Sloth campaign was oppressive.
F
31
What is the #1 drug that brings people to rehab?
Alcohol
32
What are the two second most common drugs to bring people to rehab?
Cocaine + Cannabis
33
What is the third most common drug to bring people to rehab?
Opioids
34
T/F : Many people in rehab have an addiction to only one substance.
F
35
_________ + __________ is a common concurrent disorder found in rehab.
Alcohol + cocaine
36
What are the 4 categories of Substance Use Disorder as laid out in the DSM?
1. Impaired control
2. Social problems
3. Risky use
4. Physical dependence
37
What category of SUD is described by wanting to control your use, but you cannot.
Impaired control
38
Which category of SUD has you neglecting your responsibilities and relationships?
Social problems
39
Which type of social problems do those with a substance use disorder often have that push them to entering rehab? (Hint: there are 2)
Problems at workplace or with loved ones
40
If you drink and drive regularly, you are considered in which category of SUD?
Risky use
41
Physical dependence on substances mean you need more of the substance to ______________________.
Get the same effect
42
Needing more of a substance to get the same effect is referred to as?
Tolerance
43
Tolerance + withdrawal symptoms are seen in which category of SUD?
Physical dependence
44
If someone is giving up activities they used to care about because of their substance use, they are in which category?
Social problems
45
What are 4 ways to reduce addiction rates?
1. Decriminalization
2. Safer supply
3. Social determinants
4. Chronic pain management programs
46
Why is a safer supply of drugs required to reduce addiction rates?
Because methadone does not work for everyone
47
Seeing drug use as being deviant is an example of social ________.
control
48
Medicalizing, deviantizing, and criminalizing drug use are measures of __________ __________.
Social control
49
How is drug use medicalized?
By determining drug misuse as a health problem
50
How is drug use deviantized?
By determining drug use sinful
51
In 1986, Canada's drug problem reached __________ level.
epidemic
52
The goal of The War on Drugs Campaign in Canada was to reduce the ________ and _________.
supply; demand
53
Between 1985-2002, ___________ and __________ use doubled in Canada.
Cannabis; Cocaine
54
In 2002, Canada had the 4th highest use of ______________ ________________.
Prescription narcotics
55
In what year was "mandatory minimums" introduced as an anti-drug strategy?
2007
56
What was the absurdity of the 1980s War on Drugs?
Introducing a program to complete one goal but having the opposite occur
57
Who did the War on Drugs benefit?
Drug cartels
58
The War on Drugs resulted in a war on _________ rather than the ____________.
users; suppliers
59
Most individuals who were incriminated during the War on Drugs were _______ _________.
drug users
60
The War on Drugs is also known as the War on the ____________.
Vulnerable
61
The War on Drugs disproportionately criminalized ________________ people and _________ Canadians.
Indigenous; Black
62
What is the Medicalization Approach to drug use?
Adopting a disease model of addiction
63
What describes policies or practices that aim to reduce risks of harm associated with the use of psychoactive substances?
Harm Reduction Approach
64
Which approach acknowledges that abstinence is not always a realistic goal?
Harm Reduction Approach
65
When the Harm Reduction Approach is used, goals are determined based on one's individual ________ and circumstances.
needs
66
Why did the first syringe exchange program originate?
Due to the sharing of needles that spread HIV
67
In what year was medicinal cannabis introduced?
2000
68
In 2003, INSITE opened. What was this?
The first legal supervised injection site
69
After INSITE was opened in 2003, what 2 things decreased?
1. Deaths
2. Syringe-littering
70
What was the presciption heroin program called that was introduced in 2005?
NAOMI
71
NAOMI resulted in less ___________ and _________.
overdoses; crime
71
Which program that originally was established in 2005 to assist with the safe distribution of heroin, has been reintroduced in BC?
NAOMI
72
In what year was cannabis legalized in Canada?
2018
73
What does legalizing cannabis mean?
- Licensing cannabis dealer
- Can collect taxes
74
What does "decriminalization" of drugs mean?
- No longer getting criminal record
- Still bought from illegal sellers
- Drugs are still extracted by law enforcement + individuals are fined in small amounts
75
Since Portugal introduced _____________, their deaths related to street drugs has significant lowered compared to the rest of the EU.
Decriminalization
76
Which country has experienced successful results of decriminalization?
Portugal
77
What is the police officer, Bill Blair, known for in Canada?
Being the first police officer to publicly admit racial profiling is a problem in Canada (2018)
78
When was the legacy of the NAOMI program reopened in BC?
2021
79
The legacy of the NAOMI program in BC is called __________________________,
Access to Prescribed Safer Supply
80
Craig Reinarman (1997) declared there to be ____ stages of the social construction of drug scares.
7
81
According to Reinarman's first stage, why should we be scared about cannabis?
If one has a pre-existing risk of developing a psychotic disorder + they use cannabis it will invoke the psychotic disorder
82
A Kernal of _______ is Craig Reinarman's first stage of the social construction of drug scares.
Truth
83
Cannabis, for most people, is fairly _________.
benign
84
Reinarman's second stage is _______ Magnification.
Media
85
In 1969, who connected marijuana to violence and ordered last minute to call off the decriminalization of small amounts of drugs?
Law enforcement
86
Which drug was linked with communism in 1969?
Cannabis
87
Who benefited from crimiinalizing cannabis in 1969? (Hint: there are 4)
1. Law enforcement officers
2. Pharmaceutical companies
3. Companies concerned about their workers
4. Politicians
88
What was referred to as the "law without a problem?"
Criminalization of cannabus
89
Farmers originally used _______ plants to protect their crops from the wind.
Cannabis
90
In the early 1900s, there was a fear that with _______ illegal, people would turn to ___________.
opioids; cannabis
91
The Opium Act of 1908 strictly prohibited opium that was _____________________.
prepared for smooking
92
How was the Opium Act of 1908 a racist law?
Only the Chinese community was smoking opium
93
Stage 6 of Craig Reinarman's stages of drug scares is having a drug use linked to a dangerous ________.
class
94
Chinese people were linked to ________ smoking and hippies were linked to _________.
opium; marijuana
95
Who were linked with single mothers?
Alcoholic husbands
96
___________ moms were linked with drug use.
Welfare
97
Stage 7 of Reinarman's drug scare stages is ___________ a drug for a public problem.
Scapegoating
98
How is youth unemployment described in terms of being a drug problem rather a public problem?
Thinking that youth are not working due to drug use rather than there being a lack of jobs
99
At the beginning of Dr. Bruce Alexander's "Rat Park Studies," what was the common thought surrounding drugs?
That drugs were what caused addiction
100
Was the result of Dr. Bruce Alexander's study question, "Depending on social isolation, would the drug consumption of rats be different?"? (Hint: determine Yes/No, then describe WHY)
- Yes
- The park with only one rat used the drug solution continuously, most often until it died
- The park with a family of rats would try the drug solution + then return to drinking the water solution
101
What did Dr. Bruce Alexander determine contributed to becoming addicted to heroine? (Hint: there are 5, name at least 3)
Social ostracism, stress, isolation, marginalization, trauma
102
In what study was it found that drugs fill the "hole" of feeling isolated and stressed?
Rat Park Studies
103
In Dr. Bruce Alexander's study, "Rat Park Studies," if heroin itself was the only problem that caused addictions, then both the rats in both conditions would have __________________.
used solely the heroin dispenser
104
Individuals not integrated into society were perceived as _________.
threats
105
Imprisoning those who used drugs was based on the motive to _____________________________.
remove them / the threat from society
106
Medicalization techniques for drug use attempted to ____________ individuals.
reintegrate
107
Medicalization techniques sought to locate the cause of __________ within the individual who used substances.
addiction
108
Illicit drug trade it global, national, and provincial and is impossible to _________.
eradicate
109
Decriminalizing and medicalizing drugs move the issue from federal control to ____________ control.
provincial
