Week 15 - Abdomen/GI Flashcards
(28 cards)
What forms the superior boundary of the abdominal cavity?
The diaphragm.
What forms the inferior boundary of the abdominal cavity?
The pelvic inlet.
What structures form the lateral, anterior, and posterior boundaries of the abdominal cavity?
Abdominal walls (ribs, costal cartilages, L1-L5, and abdominal muscles).
Name one intraperitoneal organ.
Stomach.
Name one retroperitoneal organ.
Kidney.
What is the parietal peritoneum?
It lines the abdominal cavity walls.
What is the visceral peritoneum?
It covers abdominal organs.
What is the function of peritoneal fluid?
Lubrication and immune defense.
What is the function of mesenteries?
Suspend and anchor intraperitoneal organs.
What does the lesser omentum connect?
Liver to stomach and duodenum.
What does the greater omentum do?
Drapes from the stomach, stores fat, and contains immune cells.
What connects the greater and lesser sacs?
The omental (epiploic) foramen.
Name one male peritoneal pouch.
Rectovesical pouch.
Name the female pouch between the uterus and rectum.
Recto-uterine pouch (Pouch of Douglas).
What are the functions of the GI tract?
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination.
What organ produces bile?
Liver.
What organ stores bile?
Gallbladder.
What organ produces digestive enzymes and insulin?
Pancreas.
What are the three regions of the small intestine?
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum.
What does the esophagus pierce to enter the abdomen?
The diaphragm at T10 (esophageal hiatus).
What type of muscle is found in the upper third of the esophagus?
Skeletal muscle.
What structure prevents backflow from the stomach to esophagus?
Lower esophageal sphincter.
What is the function of peristalsis?
Propels food through the GI tract.
What are the layers of the GI tract wall (from innermost to outermost)?
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa.
