Week 1 - Tissues Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the four basic types of tissues in the human body?
Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.
What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?
Protection, absorption, and secretion.
What is the primary function of connective tissue?
Support, structure, transport, and energy storage.
How does epithelial tissue receive nutrients if it is avascular?
By diffusion from underlying connective tissue.
What anchors epithelial tissue to connective tissue?
The basement membrane.
What are the three main types of cell junctions in epithelial tissue?
Tight junctions, gap junctions, and anchoring junctions.
What is the main structural difference between epithelial and connective tissue?
Epithelial has tightly packed cells; connective has fewer cells and more ECM.
What are the main components of the ECM?
Protein fibers (collagen, elastic, reticular) and ground substance.
What produces the ECM in connective tissue?
Fibroblasts.
What is the role of collagen fibers in the ECM?
Provide strength and resilience.
What is the role of elastic fibers in the ECM?
Allow stretch and recoil.
What is the role of ground substance in the ECM?
Supports cells and allows nutrient/waste diffusion.
What are the main cells in bone tissue?
Osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts, and osteoprogenitor cells.
What gives bone its rigidity?
Calcified ECM with hydroxyapatite crystals.
Is bone tissue vascularized?
Yes.
What are the main cells in cartilage tissue?
Chondrocytes.
Is cartilage vascularized?
No.
What are the three types of cartilage?
Hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage.
Where is hyaline cartilage commonly found?
Ends of bones and fetal skeleton.
What makes fibrocartilage resistant to compression?
Dense collagen fiber arrangement.
