Week 19 - Liver/Gallbladder Flashcards
(30 cards)
Where is the liver located?
Inferior to the diaphragm, occupying the right upper quadrant and extending into the left.
What structure separates the right and left lobes of the liver?
The falciform ligament.
What are the posterior lobes of the liver?
Caudate and quadrate lobes.
What is the bare area of the liver?
A region with no peritoneal covering between liver and diaphragm.
What are the functional units of the liver called?
Hepatic lobules.
What cells make up the majority of the liver’s structure?
Hepatocytes.
What structures run through the spaces between hepatic laminae?
Hepatic sinusoids.
What is found at each corner of a hepatic lobule?
A portal triad: hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile duct.
What two vessels supply blood to the liver?
Hepatic artery (oxygenated) and hepatic portal vein (nutrient-rich).
Where does blood drain after passing through liver sinusoids?
Into the central vein → hepatic veins → inferior vena cava.
What direction does bile flow in the liver?
Opposite to blood, from hepatocytes through bile canaliculi to bile ducts.
What duct is formed by the union of right and left hepatic ducts?
The common hepatic duct.
What type of metabolism does the liver perform with high blood glucose?
Glycogenesis and lipogenesis.
What happens in the liver during fasting?
Glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.
What proteins does the liver synthesize?
Albumin, clotting factors, globulin, transferrin, and more.
What vitamins and minerals are stored in the liver?
Vitamins A, D, E, K, B12, and iron.
What digestive fluid is produced by the liver?
Bile.
What is a major excretory function of the liver related to RBCs?
Excretion of bilirubin into bile.
Where is the gallbladder located?
On the visceral surface of the liver.
Is the gallbladder intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal.
What is the function of the gallbladder?
To store and concentrate bile.
Through which duct does the gallbladder drain bile?
The cystic duct.
What hormone stimulates gallbladder contraction?
Cholecystokinin (CCK).
What does CCK do to the sphincter of Oddi?
It relaxes the sphincter, allowing bile to enter the duodenum.
