Week 15: Endocrine System Flashcards
What does the endocrine system consist of?
- endocrine glands
- hormones
Define endocrine glands
These release hormones into the bloodstream
Define hormones
Chemicals released in one part of the body, the activity of cells in other parts of the body
What does the pineal gland release?
Melatonin
What does the pituitary gland release?
GH, TSH, ACTH, FSH, MSH, LH, Prolactin, Oxytocin,
vasopressin
What does the thymus release?
Thymopoietin
What is released in the stomach?
Gastrin, ghrelin, histamine, somatostatin, neuropeptide Y
What does the pancreas release?
Insulin, glucagon, progesterone
What do the ovaries and placenta release?
Oestrogen and progesterone
What does the uterus release?
Prolactin, relaxin
What does the hypothalamus release?
TRH, CRH, GHRH, dopamine, somatostatin, vasopressin
What does thyroid and parathyroid release?
T3, T4, calcitonin, PTH
What does the liver release?
IGF, THPO
What does the adrenal gland release?
Androgens, glucocorticoids, adrenaline, noradrenaline
What does the kindeys release?
Calcitriol, renin, erythropoietin
What do the testes release?
Androgens, estradiol, inhibin
What are the associated functions of the hypothalamus?
- hunger
- thirst
- body temp
- sexual activity
- arousal
- perspiration
- blood pressure
- heart rate
- shivering
- pupil dilation
- circadian rhythms
- sleep
Define TRH
Thyroid releasing hormone
Define TSH
Thyroid stimulation hormone
Define T3
Triiodothyronine hormone
Define T4
Thryoxine hormone
What is P53?
A protein, tumour suppressor protein which controls DNA repair
What is the functions of P53?
Main function I to repair DNA and prevent altered DNA so stabilises DNA. Stops alteration of daughter cells, can also signal for death of cell (apoptosis)
What do hormones such as adrenaline and noradrenaline control?
Control heart rate, blood pressure and other important body functions
