Week 2

Question 1

periosteum

Answer 1

a tough, fibrous, connective tissue covering which is continuous with the ligaments that go across a joint. It contains the blood vessels that service the cells within a bone

Question 2

epiphysis

Answer 2

the end of a long bone

Question 3

diaphysis

Answer 3

the portion of the long bong between the epiphyses, the shaft of the bone

Question 4

joint

Answer 4

the area of a long bone where the epiphyses contacts another bone

Question 5

articular cartilage (hyaline)

Answer 5

cartilage that covers a joint

Question 6

compact bone

Answer 6

type of bone that contains osteons consisting of concentric layers of matrix and osteocytes in lacunae

Question 7

spongy bone

Answer 7

type of bone that has an irregular, mesh-like arrangement of thin plates of bone

Question 8

red bone marrow

Answer 8

specialized tissue found in the spongy bone that produce all types of blood cells

Question 9

osteons

Answer 9

unit of bone

Question 10

osteocytes

Answer 10

bone cells

Question 11

lacunae

Answer 11

cavity that contains the osteocyte

Question 12

hyaline cartilage

Answer 12

firm and somewhat flexible cartilage, found in the joints, the nose, the end of ribs, and the larynx and the trachea

Question 13

fibrocartilage

Answer 13

stronger than hyaline cartilage, withstand tension and pressure, found between the vertebrae and the knee joint

Question 14

elastic cartilage

Answer 14

more flexible than hyaline cartilage, found in the ear and the epiglottis

Question 15

ligament

Answer 15

connect bone to bone, made up of dense, fibrous, connective tissue

Question 16

tendon

Answer 16

connect bone to muscles, dense fibrous connective tissue

Question 17

functions of the skeleton

Answer 17

support the body, protect soft body parts, produce RBC, store minerals and salts, permit flexible body movement

Question 18

what two categories is the skeleton classified into

Answer 18

axial and appendicular skeleton

Question 19

axial skeleton

Answer 19

brain, spine, ribs

Question 20

appendicular skeleton

Answer 20

lower body and extremities

Question 21

is the hyoid bone axial or appendicular

Answer 21

axial

Question 22

how many cervical vertebrae

Answer 22

7

Question 23

how many thoracic vertebrae

Answer 23

12

Question 24

how many lumbar vertebrae

Answer 24

5

Question 25

how many fused sacrum

Answer 25

5

Question 26

how many bones make up the tailbone (coccyx)

Answer 26

3-5

Question 27

how many pairs of ribs do we have

Answer 27

12

Question 28

what part of the spine do the ribs connect to

Answer 28

the vertebral body of the thoracic spine

Question 29

how many bones make up the sternum

Answer 29

3

Question 30

what are the three bones of the sternum

Answer 30

manubrium, body, xyohoid process

Question 31

what is costal cartilage

Answer 31

connective tissue that connects the ribs to the sternum and vertebrae

Question 32

what makes up the pectoral girdle

Answer 32

scapula and clavicle

Question 33

scapula

Answer 33

shoulder blade

Question 34

clavicle

Answer 34

collar bone

Question 35

humerus

Answer 35

upper arm

Question 36

radius

Answer 36

lower arm, thumb side

Question 37

ulna

Answer 37

lower arm, little finger side

Question 38

carpals

Answer 38

eight wrist bones

Question 39

metacarpals

Answer 39

five bones of the palm of the hand

Question 40

phalanges

Answer 40

finger bones and thumb

Question 41

how many bones make up the phalanges of the hands

Answer 41

14

Question 42

what makes up the pelvic girdle

Answer 42

two large coxal bones

Question 43

coxal bones

Answer 43

hip bones

Question 44

illium

Answer 44

part of the pelvic girdle

Question 45

pubis

Answer 45

part of the pelvic girdle

Question 46

ischium

Answer 46

part of the pelvic girdle

Question 47

acetabulum

Answer 47

articulates the coxal bone with the hip bone (femur)

Question 48

patella

Answer 48

knee

Question 49

femur

Answer 49

hipbone

Question 50

medial condyle

Answer 50

medial side, lower end of femur

Question 51

lateral condyle

Answer 51

lateral side, lower end of femur

Question 52

tibia

Answer 52

large bone of the lower leg on the big toe side

Question 53

fibula

Answer 53

smaller bone of the lower leg, little toe side

Question 54

medial malleolus

Answer 54

medial side, lower end of the tibia

Question 55

lateral malleolus

Answer 55

lower end of the fibula

Question 56

tarsals

Answer 56

ankle bones, includes the talus and calcaneus

Question 57

how many bones make up the tarsals

Answer 57

7

Question 58

what is another name for the calcaneus

Answer 58

heel bone

Question 59

what do the talus and calcaneus support

Answer 59

the weight of the body

Question 60

metatarsals

Answer 60

bones of the sole of the foot (instep)

Question 61

how many metatarsals are there

Answer 61

5

Question 62

phalanges of the foot

Answer 62

14 toe bones

Question 63

fibrous joints

Answer 63

immovable joints of the skeleton

Question 64

example of fibrous joints

Answer 64

sutures of the skull

Question 65

cartilaginous joints

Answer 65

slightly movable joints

Question 66

example of cartilaginous joints

Answer 66

joints of the ribcage and intervertebral discs

Question 67

synovial joints

Answer 67

freely movable joints

Question 68

examples of synovial joints

Answer 68

shoulder, elbow, hip, and knee

Question 69

three types of synovial joints

Answer 69

ball and socket, hinge joint, pivot joint

Question 70

ball and socket joint

Answer 70

allows movement in all planes shoulder and hip

Question 71

hinge joint

Answer 71

allowed movement in only one direction, like a door elbow and knee

Question 72

pivot joint

Answer 72

allow only rotational movement radius and ulna, C1

Question 73

flexion

Answer 73

forearm toward the arm

Question 74

extension

Answer 74

forearm away from the arm

Question 75

abduction

Answer 75

away from the starting point- away from the body

Question 76

adduction

Answer 76

movement toward the starting origin- toward the body

Question 77

rotation

Answer 77

head shaking no