Week 3 Flashcards
1
Q
origin
A
the stationary bone
2
Q
insertion
A
the bone that moves
3
Q
frontalis
A
wrinkles the forehead and lifts eyebrows
4
Q
orbicularis oculi
A
closes eye (winking), pumps tears from the eye
5
Q
orbicularis oris
A
closes and protrudes lips (kissing), orofacial functions
6
Q
zygomaticus
A
raises corner of mouth (smiling)
7
Q
masseter
A
closes jaw; chewing
8
Q
buccinator
A
chewing (holds cheeks to teeth)
9
Q
temporalis
A
closes the jaw
10
Q
epicranial aponeurosis
A
tough layer of dense fibrous connective tissue covering the skull. Connects the frontalis to the occipitalis
11
Q
depressor anguli oris
A
depress corners of the mouth (frowning)
12
Q
platysma
A
facial expressions, accessory muscle for respiration
13
Q
zygomatic major and minor
A
control facial expressions
14
Q
external oblique
A
compresses the abdomen and rotates the trunk (think hands in pockets analogy)
15
Q
rectus abdominis
A
flexes spine; compresses abdomen
16
Q
pectoralis major
A
flexes and adducts arm ventrally (pulls arm across chest)
17
Q
deltoid
A
abducts and moves arm up and down in front
18
Q
biceps brachii
A
flexes forearm and rotates hand outward
19
Q
adductor longus
A
adducts and flexes thigh
20
Q
iliopsoas
A
flexes thigh at hip joint
21
Q
sartorius
A
raises and rotates thigh and leg
22
Q
what muscles make up the quadriceps femoris group
A
rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius
23
Q
peroneous longus
A
everts foot
24
Q
tibilias anterior
A
dorsiflexes and inverts foot
25
flexor digitorum longus
flexes toes
26
extensor digitorum longus
extends toes
27
occipitalis
moves scalp backward
28
sternocleidomastoid
turns head to the side; flexes neck and head, tilting head and turning neck
29
trapezius
extends head, raises scapula as when shrugging shoulder
30
latissimus dorsi
extends and adducts arm dorsally (pulls arm across back)
31
triceps brachii
extends forearm
32
flexor carpi group
flexes forearm
33
extensor carpi group
extends hand
34
flexor digitorum
flexes fingers
35
extensor digitorum
extends fingers
36
gluteus medius
abducts the thigh
37
gluteus maximus
extends the thigh
38
gluteus minimus
abducts the thigh
39
muscles of the hamstring group
semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris
40
semitendinosus
flexes the leg and extends the thigh
41
semimembranosus
flexes the leg and extends the thigh
42
biceps femoris
flexes the leg and extends the thigh
43
gastrocnemius
plantar flexes the foot (tiptoe), plantar flexion of leg and the knee joint
44
osteoporosis
condition characterized by loss of bone density, associated with levels of sex hormones and diet
45
osteoarthritis
form of degenerative joint disease which is the result of the loss of cartilage in the synovial joint
46
rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of the joints
47
fibromyalgia
chronic, widespread pain of the muscles in the neck, shoulders, back and hips. Cause is unknown
48
muscular dystrophy (MD)
disease that causes weakening of the muscles, has a strong genetic component. It is X- linked disorder affecting more males than females
49
how many muscles are in the body
about 604
50
what are the functions of the muscular system
create movement, move food through digestive system, move blood through the body, produce heat, protect inner organs
51
three muscle types
skeletal, cardiac, smooth
52
skeletal muscle
voluntary, striated, multinucleated
53
cardiac muscle
involuntary, striated, has intercalated discs, single nucleated
54
smooth mucles
involuntary, non-striated, spindle shaped cells
55
ligament connect what
bone to bone
56
tendons connect what
muscle to bone
57
risorius
draws up the angle of the mouth
58
mentalis
stability to lower lip, allows pouting
59
corrugator supercili
movement of the eyebrows, frowning
60
levator labii superioris
facial expressions, movement of mouth and upper lip
61
depressor labii inferioris
depresses and everts lower lip
62
levator scapulae
elevate the scapula
63
rhomboid major and minor
retract, elevate, and rotate scapula
attach scap to spine
64
acromion process of scapula
point of attachment for the deltoid muscle
65
infraspinatus
rotate the shoulder joint and humerus
66
serratus anterior
pull the scapula forward and around the thorax
67
teres major and minor
adducts the arm at the shoulder joint
68
muscles of the rotator cuff
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
69
what muscle is not part of the rotator cuff
teres major
70
splenius capitis
flex and rotate head and neck (touches skull)
71
splenius cervicis
extends the neck (attaches to C1)
72
semispinalis capitis
neck extension, pull backward
73
longissimus capitisq
rotate the head from side to side, extends head
74
serratus posterior superior
elevate the ribs during respiration. Under the rhomboids (inhale)
75
serratus posterior inferior
depresses the ribs during respiration (exhale)
76
internal abdominal oblique
flex the trunk, defecation, urination, childbirth (think hands across the body in an X shape)
77
erector spinae group
move the vertebral column
78
what muscles make up the erector spinae group
(iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis)
79
iliocostalis lumborum
runs from the lower ribs to the ileum; depresses ribs
80
ligamentum nuchae
tendons and fascia between the posterior muscles of the neck. Covers the spine of C1-C6. Sustains the weight of the head
81
mastoid process of temporal bone
allow attachment of muscles to the head and neck such as the sternocleidomastoid and the splenius capitis
82
coracoid process
short projection from the clavicle to which the biceps brachii attaches
83
coracobrachilias
flexion and adduction of the forearm at the shoulder joint
84
radial tuberosity
insertion of the biceps brachii
85
subscapularis
internal rotation of the humerus addiction and extension of the shoulder
86
brachialis
flexes the elbow
87
brachioradialis
flexes the forearm at elbow, deviates the wrist
88
extensor carpi digitorum
extends medial four digits
89
extensor carpi radialis longus
help move wrist and hand
90
flexor carpi ulnaris
flex and adduct wrist
91
palmarus longus
flexion of the wrist joint and small joints of the hand (not everyone has one)
92
flexor pollicis
flexes the distal phalanx of the thumb
93
abductor pollicis brevis
flex the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb (extends fingers)
94
opponens pollicis
produce and opposition of the thumb, coordination, flexion, adduction, and rotation of the thumb
95
what muscle makes humans unique from other primate in the hand
opponens pollicis
96
abductor digiti minimi
abduction and flexion of the fifth finger at the metacarpophalangeal. Moving it away from the fourth finger
97
flexor digiti minimi brevis
flexion of the little finger at the metacarpophalangeal joint
98
lumbricalis muscles (4)
flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints
99
adductor pollicis
adduct the thumb. allows pinky and thumb to touch
100
pectoralis minor
internal and downward rotation of the scapula (anchors scap to torso)
101
subclavius
stabilize the clavicle during movement of the arm and shoulder
102
external intercostals
elevate the ribs and expands lungs when breathing
103
internal intercostals
pull down on ribs and push air out of the lungs
104
transverse abdominis
protects the internal organs and stabilize the pelvis and spine
wraps around abdomen
is a core stabilizer
105
psoas major
flexion of hip joint
106
pectineus
flex and adduct the thigh at the hip joint
107
tensor fasciae latae
extension and lateral rotation of the leg
108
quadriceps femoris tendon
attaches the quadriceps muscle group to the patella bone
109
gracilis
flex the knee, adducts the thigh, roate the tibia on the femur
110
piriformis
rotates and abducts femur during flexion of the hip
111
superior gemellus
externally rotate hip
112
inferior gemellus
lateral rotation of the thigh
113
quadratus femoris
extend the leg at the knee joint and flex the thigh at the hip joint
114
obturator internus
external rotation of the extended thigh
115
sarcotuberous ligament
stabilize the pelvis
116
hamstring muscle group
FLET
flex leg extend thigh
117
quad muscle group
ELFT
extend leg flex thigh
118
soleus
plantar flexion of the leg at the knee joint
119
plantaris
stabilize tibia on calcaneus bone
120
calcaneal tendon
stabilize the ankle joint
121
tibialis anterior
dorsiflex foot
122
extensor hallucis longus
flexion joint in big toe
123
fibularis brevis
evert foot. Lift medial arch
124
fibularis terius
move toes toward shin (dorsiflexion)
125
superior and inferior extensor retinaculum
bands of connective tissue that stabilize the tendons of the ankle
126
popliteus
stabilize the knee
127
tibialis posterior
plantar flex the foot
128
flexor hallucis longus
flex all joints of the big toe
129
fibularis longus
plantar flexion and eversion of foot
130
plantar aponeurosis
support and protect underlying structures of the foot
131
abductor hallucis
abduct and flex big toe
132
abductor digiti minimi
abduct and flex little toe
133
flexor digitorum brevis
flexion of lateral 4 toe joints
134
lumbricals m
flex and adduct lateral 4 toes
135
quadratus plantae
flexion of lateral 4 toes
136
adductor hallucis
adduction and flexion of the big toe
