Week 2 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Q1: Which of the following best reflects Carl Rogers’ idea of empathic reflection?
a) Agreeing with the client to show support
b) Rephrasing the client’s words to explore their meaning without distortion
c) Summarising the client’s words with clinical terminology
d) Challenging the client’s assumptions directly
Correct Answer: b) Rephrasing the client’s words to explore their meaning without distortion
Rationale: Rogers emphasized the therapist’s role in reflecting meaning without evaluation or reinterpretation.
Source: [Week 2 – Carl Rogers PDF, p. 2]
Q2: What is the core purpose of the ‘O’ in OARS (Open Questions) in motivational interviewing?
a) To direct the client toward a treatment plan
b) To ensure the client provides the correct information
c) To elicit the client’s own motivations and reasons for change
d) To clarify diagnostic criteria
Correct Answer: c) To elicit the client’s own motivations and reasons for change
Rationale: Open questions facilitate exploration of internal motivations — a hallmark of motivational interviewing.
Source: [Week 2 – OARS PDF, p. 1]
Q3: According to Allan et al. (2016), what is one limitation of traditional Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) in multicultural settings?
a) It is too focused on cognitive restructuring
b) It lacks empirical support
c) It assumes universal applicability of Western relational norms
d) It fails to assess for personality disorders
Correct Answer: c) It assumes universal applicability of Western relational norms
Rationale: The review highlights IPT’s challenge in addressing relational dynamics outside of individualistic cultures.
Source: [Week 2 – Interpersonal Psychotherapy Critique, p. 5]
Q4: Which of the following best illustrates the skill of reflective listening in therapy?
a) “That sounds irrational.”
b) “Can you be more specific about what happened?”
c) “So you’re feeling anxious because of the workload?”
d) “Let’s move on from that topic.”
Correct Answer: c) “So you’re feeling anxious because of the workload?”
Rationale: Reflective listening involves checking understanding by rephrasing emotional content.
Source: [Week 2 Tutorial – 00:14:02]
Q5: In the context of motivational interviewing, affirmations are best used to:
a) Reward client compliance with treatment
b) Praise the therapist’s insight
c) Highlight the client’s strengths and efforts
d) Direct the client toward a goal
Correct Answer: c) Highlight the client’s strengths and efforts
Rationale: Affirmations reinforce agency and self-efficacy without being evaluative.
Source: [OARS PDF, p. 2]
Q6: Why is “resisting the righting reflex” important in motivational interviewing?
a) It prevents therapists from offering false reassurance
b) It ensures therapists give more advice
c) It allows clients to stay focused on symptoms
d) It encourages client autonomy and reduces defensiveness
Correct Answer: d) It encourages client autonomy and reduces defensiveness
Rationale: The “righting reflex” can create resistance if clients feel they are being told what to do.
Source: [Motivational Interviewing Reading – Madson et al., p. 102]
Q7: What interpersonal quality is most consistently associated with positive outcomes in therapy, across cultural settings?
a) Assertiveness
b) Empathic attunement
c) Authoritative guidance
d) Self-disclosure
Correct Answer: b) Empathic attunement
Rationale: Research shows empathy — especially when attuned to client worldview — is a cross-cultural therapeutic asset.
Source: [Carl Rogers PDF, p. 1]
Q8: In a team-based mental health context, what communication breakdown is most likely to harm collaboration?
a) Sharing too much personal experience
b) Using standardised treatment plans
c) Avoiding conflict to maintain harmony
d) Engaging in supervision too frequently
Correct Answer: c) Avoiding conflict to maintain harmony
Rationale: Conflict avoidance leads to miscommunication and groupthink in interdisciplinary teams.
Source: [Lecture Part 3 – Teams & Leadership – 00:18:33]
Q9: Which of the following is a leadership quality shown to improve psychological safety within mental health teams?
a) Encouraging team members to keep ideas private
b) Rotating roles frequently to reduce hierarchy
c) Modelling openness to feedback and fallibility
d) Restricting team input to expert clinicians
Correct Answer: c) Modelling openness to feedback and fallibility
Rationale: Psychological safety grows when leaders show vulnerability and invite input.
Source: [Lecture Part 3 – Teams & Leadership – 00:21:17]
Q10: According to Braun et al. (2020), what is the effect of therapist use of Socratic questioning across sessions?
a) It increases resistance in early therapy
b) It correlates with greater symptom improvement over time
c) It delays rapport but improves insight
d) It has no measurable impact on client change
Correct Answer: b) It correlates with greater symptom improvement over time
Rationale: The study found a positive relationship between Socratic questioning and symptom reduction across sessions.
Source: [Braun et al. – Socratic Questioning PDF, Abstract]
Q11: What does the ‘R’ in OARS stand for, and why is it important in motivational interviewing?
a) Reflection – reinforces client resistance
b) Respect – ensures client deferral
c) Reflection – helps the client feel understood
d) Repetition – improves information accuracy
Correct Answer: c) Reflection – helps the client feel understood
Rationale: Reflective listening supports empathy and deepens client engagement.
Source: [OARS PDF, p. 2]
Q12: Which of the following best describes Socratic questioning in therapy?
a) Rapid-fire interrogative prompts to challenge beliefs
b) Clarifying the therapist’s point of view
c) Guiding clients to discover new perspectives through thoughtful prompts
d) Delivering conclusions in a directive manner
Correct Answer: c) Guiding clients to discover new perspectives through thoughtful prompts
Rationale: Socratic questioning is non-directive and facilitates insight by prompting self-reflection.
Source: [Braun et al., p. 4]
Q13: When using motivational interviewing, how should a therapist respond to client ambivalence?
a) Present arguments for change
b) Label the client as resistant
c) Elicit change talk using reflective listening
d) Shift to cognitive restructuring
Correct Answer: c) Elicit change talk using reflective listening
Rationale: Ambivalence is a normal part of change, best explored through empathic curiosity.
Source: [Madson et al., p. 103]
Q14: In group leadership, what is one role of effective communication in multidisciplinary teams?
a) To ensure each member sticks to their discipline
b) To suppress conflict by limiting input
c) To integrate diverse perspectives for cohesive decision-making
d) To ensure managerial control
Correct Answer: c) To integrate diverse perspectives for cohesive decision-making
Rationale: Effective communication builds shared understanding and leverages complementary skills.
Source: [Lecture Part 3 – 00:15:22]
Q15: Which of the following statements about IPT (Interpersonal Psychotherapy) is supported by the multicultural critique?
a) IPT overemphasizes biological explanations for distress
b) IPT adapts seamlessly across all cultures
c) IPT requires adaptation for collectivist frameworks
d) IPT is designed only for individual therapy
Correct Answer: c) IPT requires adaptation for collectivist frameworks
Rationale: Cultural tailoring is essential for relational models to be effective in non-Western settings.
Source: [Interpersonal Psychotherapy – p. 4]
Q16: Which of the following best illustrates the therapeutic use of affirmation in MI?
a) “That’s great. You finally did something right.”
b) “You’ve really shown commitment by coming today.”
c) “I’m glad you’re following my instructions.”
d) “You need to make more effort.”
Correct Answer: b) “You’ve really shown commitment by coming today.”
Rationale: Affirmation highlights effort without judgment or control.
Source: [OARS PDF, p. 2]
Q17: What is the main goal of reflective listening in therapy?
a) To gather case history efficiently
b) To correct client misconceptions
c) To create connection through emotional resonance
d) To maintain clinical distance
Correct Answer: c) To create connection through emotional resonance
Rationale: Reflective listening builds therapeutic alliance and fosters trust.
Source: [Tutorial – 00:12:41]
Q18: What is the purpose of summarising during MI sessions?
a) To evaluate the client’s effort
b) To build structure, reinforce motivation, and clarify themes
c) To shorten sessions
d) To identify diagnosis codes
Correct Answer: b) To build structure, reinforce motivation, and clarify themes
Rationale: Summaries in MI are strategic reflections that support continuity and insight.
Source: [OARS PDF, p. 3]
Q19: What kind of leadership fosters accountability and shared purpose in clinical teams?
a) Directive leadership
b) Transformational leadership
c) Charismatic leadership
d) Passive leadership
Correct Answer: b) Transformational leadership
Rationale: Transformational leaders inspire vision, support collaboration, and elevate standards.
Source: [Lecture Part 3 – 00:22:30]
Q20: Which of the following statements about communication in psychological practice is most accurate?
a) Directiveness ensures faster outcomes
b) Clear, empathic, and context-sensitive communication supports ethical practice
c) Silence in sessions is counter-therapeutic
d) Therapists should speak more to establish authority
Correct Answer: b) Clear, empathic, and context-sensitive communication supports ethical practice
Rationale: Communication is not only a technique — it is an ethical act grounded in responsiveness.
Source: [Lecture Part 1 – 00:08:44]
