week 2 Flashcards
(16 cards)
functions of skeletal muscles
Produce skeletal movement
- Maintain body position
- Support soft tissues
- Guard body openings (orifces including eye and mouth)
- Maintain body temperature (eg shivering to warm body=muscles contract)
two main categories of contraction of skeletal muscles
isotonic
isometric
whats isotonic contraction
Muscle length changes to move a load
Concentric and Eccentric
creates tension to overcome load eg carrying something
whats isometric contraction
Muscle length does not change despite muscle reaching
its peak tension-producing capacity
(doesn’t move)
whats a concentric contraction
if muscle tension is greater than resistance
muscle shortens
whats a eccentric contraction
if muscle tension is smaller than resistance
muscle lengthens
functional groups of skeletal muscles
prime movers
antagonists
synergists
fixatorss
whats prime movers
Provide the major force for producing a
specific movement
eg biceps
whats antagonists
Oppose or reverse a particular
movement
Help regulate action of prime mover by
contracting slightly to provide some resistance
Prevent ‘overshooting’ the mark or help slow down or stop the movement
eg triceps when biceps are movinig
whats synergist
Add force to a movement
◦ Reduce undesirable or unnecessary movement
whats fixations
Synergists that immobilize a bone or
muscle’s origin
helps stablise
whats the two divisions of muscular system
axial muscles
appendicular muscles
whats axil muscles
position head and spinal column
move rib cage
whats appendicular muscles
support pectoral and pelvic girdles support limbs
whats the brachial plexus
Large network of complicated interlacing nerves- a ‘web’
} Situated in the neck and the axilla
} Gives rise to virtually all nerves that supply
the upper limb
what nerves are in the brachial plexus
Axillary nerve • Musculocutaneous nerve • Median nerve • Ulnar nerve • Radial nerve
