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Physiology > Week 2 - Nervous system > Flashcards

Week 2 - Nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

CNS function

A

process and coordinate sensory info

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2
Q

PNS

A

Delivers sensory info to the CNS

carries out motor commands

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3
Q

Function divisions of the PNS

A

Afferent
Efferent
Receptor
Effectors

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4
Q

Function of the afferent division

A

Carries sensory info

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5
Q

Function of the efferent division

A

Carries motor commands

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6
Q

Divisions of the nervous system and their functions

A 
Somatic (SNS)
- Controls muscle contractions
Autonomic (ANS)
- Controls subconscious actions, contractions
Enteric (ENS)
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7
Q

Structural classifications of neurons

A

Anaxonic
Bipolar
Unipolar
multipolar

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8
Q

Functional types of neurons

A

Sensory neurons
Monitor neurons
Interneurons

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9
Q

4 types of CNS neuroglia cells

A

astrocytes
Ependymal cells
Oligodendrocytes
Microglia

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10
Q

Astrocyte cell function?

A

Maintain BBB

Repair damaged nervous tissue

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11
Q

ependymal cell

A

Produce and monitor cerebrospinal fluid

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12
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

Form myelin sheaths

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13
Q

2 types of PNS neuroglia cells

A

Satellite cells
- Surround ganglia
Schwann cells
- form myelin sheath

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14
Q

Define graded potential

A

Temporary localised change in resting potential

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15
Q

Define action potential

A

change in electrical potential

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16
Q

Define chemical gradient

A

concentration gradient of ions

17
Q

Define electrochemical gradient

A

Sum of chemical and electrical forces acting on an ion

18
Q

Equilibrium potential

A

membrane potential at which there is no net movement of an ion across cell membrane

19
Q

Define Passive ion channels

A

leak channels, always open

20
Q

Define active ion channels

A

Gated ion channels, open and close in response to stimuli

21
Q

3 types of gated ion channels

A

Chemical gated
Voltage gated
- Respond to changes in membrane potential
Mechanically gated

22
Q

Define graded potential

A

Change in membrane potential

23
Q

Define repolarisation

A

When the stimulus is removed, membrane potential returns to normal

24
Q

Define hyperpolarisation

A

membrane potential becomes more negative

25
Q

Define all - or - none principle

A

any stimulus that changes the membrane potential to threshold

26
Q

Define refractory period

A

From begging of an action potential to return of resting state

27
Q

Define depolarisation

A

Electrical charge becomes more positive

28
Q

Define synapse

A

Specialised site where neuron communicates with another cell

29
Q

2 Classes of neurotransmitters

A

Excitatory

Inhibitory

30
Q

Define neuromodulators

A

Chemicals released by axon terminals that alter rate of neurotransmitter release

31
Q

Define postsynaptic potentials

A

Graded potentials developed in a postsynaptic cell in response to neurotransmitte

Physiology (12 decks)

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