Week 2: Outcome Research on Interventions, Techniques and Early Therapy Processes Flashcards
(21 cards)
types of psychotherapy research
- outcome research
- process research
- prediction research
outcome research
how treatment works in ideal, ‘laboratory’ circumstances, so effectiveness = in practice
- about efficacy of treatment
process research
how a treatment does its work
prediction research
about factors that influence efficacy of treatment
cost-effectiveness analysis
compares cost and health effects of an intervention to assess the extent to which it can be regarded as providing value for money
- consequences are usually measured in natural units (deaths avoided, life years gained, etc.)
cost-effectiveness of psychotherapy
relatively cost-effective, especially for more psychologically distressed individuals
attitudes towards therapy
- motivation
- outcome expectation
- process expectation
- predilection
- preference
motivation
willingsness to work collaboratively and cooperatively with therapist
- opposite: resistance
outcome expectation
clients belief that the therapy will work
process expectation
client’s understanding of process and goals of therapy
predilection
client’s belief about the origin of his distress and what they expect will be helpful
preference
what the client would like to happen (e.g. which therapy)
influence of outcome expectations
- small but significant effect on outcome
- moderate expectations had best predictive power and best outcomes
- managing client’s expectations in beginning of therapy might be beneficial
feedback on client progress
feedback improves communication patient and clinician
- small overall effects on outcome
- reduces drop-out rates
endogenous depression
biologically caused
clients with externalizing coping style
do better with technique-oriented therapies than clients with internalizing coping style
capitalization hypothesis
clients do better with therapies that are aligned with their pre-existing ways of functioning
types of exposure
- in vivo (real life)
- imaginal
- in VR
- interoceptive (bodily symptoms are created that normally accompany feared situations)
- exposure and response prevention (preventing compulsive or ritual behaviors)
- cue exposure (for SADs)
- systematic desensitization
PPT
positive psychotherapy: focus on alleviating symptoms and building positive resources
- based on PERMA conceptualization of well-being and character strengths as active therapeutic ingredients
Seligman’s PERMA
Positive emotions
Engagement
Relatioships
Meaning
Accomplishment
PPT phases
3 phases: and clients keep a gratitude journal to describe 3 good things per day
