Week 4: Humanistic and Experiental Psychotherapies

Question 1

CCT

Answer 1

Client Centered Therapy

Question 2

history of Client Centered Therapy

Answer 2

psychoanalysis (Freud)
behavioral (20th century)
humanistic psychology

Question 3

humanistic psychology

Answer 3

important aspect is growth; every living thing has an innate motivation to grow and create: also an aspect of Client Centered Therapy
- actualization therapy

Question 4

actualization therapy

Answer 4

human development (also facilitated by a therapist) is towards increasing self-government, self-regulation and autonomy, and away from heteronymous control, or control by external forces

Question 5

fundamentals of CCT

Answer 5

1) client is expert and ready to grow and heal
2) therapist just facilitates
3) disorders are outcome of incongruence in the person

Question 6

2) therapist just facilitates

Answer 6

1: empathy
2: congruence
3: acceptance (positive regard)

Question 7

incongruency

Answer 7

difference between what people say/think about themselves and how they feel about it; conflict
OR
blocking of actualization tendency
aim of therapy is reducing this incongruency

Question 8

congruence

Answer 8

wholeness; the capacity to symbolize experiencing in conscious awareness and to integrate those experiences within our concepts of self

Question 9

congruence is defined by:

Answer 9

1) transparant communication (therapist is open about feelings within the relationsip)
2) accurate symbolization (of experience in the internal self-awareness of the therapist)

Question 10

symbolization

Answer 10

process by which individual becomes aware/conscious of an experience

Question 11

what does a CCT therapist do?

Answer 11

• being interested and respecting, accepting, listening actively, being empathic and involved
• creating safe space
• having faith in individual to grow
• having patience

Question 12

recent evolution of CCT

Answer 12

• person-centered/humanistic/process experiental psychotherapy
• Emotion Focused Therapy
• Focussing
• body oriented therapies
• experiental psychotherapy

Question 13

3 different levels of analysis

Answer 13

1: nomothetic (universal) level: human beings all respond similarly to particular situations and are all deeply the same
2: group differences: everyone is like someone else
3: idiographic (uniqueness): no one is biologically and psychologically identical

Question 14

clients progress in 3 dimensions, when relationship has positive regard and sympathy

Answer 14

1) self-concept: attitudes towards themselves become more positively; negative -> positive
2) locus of evaluation: gain self-esteem; external -> internal
3) experiencing: more open and flexible experience; rigid -> flexible

Question 15

psychologically adjust people…

Answer 15

… have congruence between their sensory experiences and self-concept

Question 16

psychologically maladjusted people…

Answer 16

… don’t have congruence