Week 2 Transport systems/membrane dynamics

Question 1

What are the three transport systems used by the cells?

Answer 1

Passive transport, active transport, and endocytosis/exocytosis (vesicular transport)

Question 2

When something is going from high to low it is going ______ its concentration gradient.

Answer 2

down

Question 3

When something is going from low to high it is going _____ its concentration gradient.

Answer 3

against

Question 4

Passive transport

Answer 4

Process in which no energy is required because solute is moving from high [solute] to low [solute] (down its concentration gradient)

Question 5

What are the two types of passive transport

Answer 5

diffusion and osmosis

Question 6

Active transport

Answer 6

Process in which energy is required because solute is moving from low [solute] to high [solute] (against its concentration gradient)

Question 7

What are the two types of active transport?

Answer 7

Primary active transport and secondary active transport

Question 8

Vesicular transport : 2 types

Answer 8

Endocytosis & Exocytosis

Question 9

Diffusion is:

Answer 9

Passive transport in which solute moves from an area of high [solute] into an area of low [solute]

Question 10

Diffusion stops when it reaches ___________.

Answer 10

Equilibrium

Question 11

What are the three types of diffusion:

Answer 11

Lipid (simple) diffusion, Channel Diffusion, & Facilitated Diffusion

Question 12

Channel diffusion

Answer 12

Uses carrier protein which are hollow in the middle, 1⁰ used for transporting ions & water in & out of cells

Question 13

What are the two types of channel diffusion :

Answer 13

Non gated channels (Leaky Channels) & Gated channels

Question 14

Non gated channels (Leaky Channels)

Answer 14

Used for water

Question 15

Lipid Diffusion (simple diffusion)

Answer 15

Used by substances (USUALLY GASSES) that are lipid soluble (can cross the plasma membrane with any assistance)

Question 16

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 16

Uses membrane proteins which have the ability to change shape, These proteins change shape during the process which allows the substance to be transported in and out of cell, Used for LARGE molecules (Glucose, Amino Acids)

Question 17

Steps of Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 17

Binding of substance to membrane protein -> membrane protein changes shape -> release of substance

Question 18

Osmosis

Answer 18

Passive transport in which water moves from low [solute] into high [solute]

Question 19

In osmosis, concentration ______ in areas from which water left.

Answer 19

increases

Question 20

In osmosis, concentration ______ in areas where water entered.

Answer 20

decreases

Question 21

Osmosis stops once ______ is reached because there is no more ____ _____.

Answer 21

Equilibrium, driving force

Question 22

Tonicity

Answer 22

Concentrations of solutions based on amount of solute present

Question 23

What are the 3 ways of classifying solutions based on tonicity?

Answer 23

Hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic

Question 24

Hypotonic

Answer 24

Contains low amount of solute when compared to other solutions

Question 25

Isotonic

Answer 25

Has equal amount of solute when compared to other solutions

Question 26

Hypertonic

Answer 26

Contains high amount of solute when compared to other solutions

Question 27

Primary active transport

Answer 27

Active transport that uses direct form of ENERGY (ATP) to transport solute from LOW solute concentration to HIGH solute concentration.

Question 28

Sodium Potassium Pump

Answer 28

Primary active transport system in which sodium and potassium are both transported, for every 3 sodium there is always 2 potassium, High K in , low Na out

Question 29

Secondary active transport

Answer 29

Active transport that uses indirect direct form of energy (not ATP), First molecule moves down the concentration gradient (from high to low) and collects energy to transport the second molecule against its concentration gradient (from low to high).

Question 30

Uniport

Answer 30

1 type of solute is being transported in one direction

Question 31

Symport

Answer 31

2 types of solute are being transported in the same direction

Question 32

Antiport

Answer 32

2 types of solute are being transported but in different directions

Question 33

Uniport, symport and anti port can be use to describe _____ & ______ transport.

Answer 33

passive & active

Question 34

Intracellular fluid

Answer 34

fluid inside the cell, high concentration of potassium

Question 35

Extracellular fluid

Answer 35

fluid out side the cell, high concentration of sodium, split in 2 compartments

Question 36

What are the two compartments of extracellular fluid?

Answer 36

Interstitial fluid & plasma

Question 37

Interstitial fluid

Answer 37

fluid between the cells

Question 38

Plasma

Answer 38

fluid within blood vessels