Week 24 #2

Question 1

Collectivism

Answer 1

Belief system that emphasizes the duties and obligations that each person has toward others

Question 2

Cross-cultural psychology (or cross-cultural studies)

Answer 2

looks at how cultural factors influence human behaviour

Question 3

Cultural intelligence

Answer 3

The ability and willingness to apply cultural awareness to practical uses

Question 4

Agender

Answer 4

An individual who may have no gender or may describe themselves as having a neutral gender

Question 5

Ambivalent sexism

Answer 5

A concept of gender attitudes that encompasses both positive and negative qualities

Question 6

Benevolent sexism

Answer 6

The “positive” element of ambivalent sexism, which recognizes that women are perceived as needing to be protected, supported, and adored by men

Question 7

Bigender

Answer 7

An individual who identifies as two genders

Question 8

Cultural psychology

Answer 8

An approach to researching culture that emphasizes the use of interviews and observation as a means of understanding culture from its own point of view

Question 9

Cultural relativism

Answer 9

The idea that cultural norms and values of a society can only be understood on their own terms or in their own context

Question 10

Developmental intergroup theory

Answer 10

adults’ focus on gender leads children to pay attention to gender as a key source of information about themselves and others, to seek out possible gender differences, and to form rigid stereotypes based on gender.

Question 11

Gender constancy

Answer 11

The awareness that gender is constant and does not change simply by changing external attributes; develops between 3 and 6 years of age

Question 12

Cultural script

Answer 12

Learned guides for how to behave appropriately in a given social situation

Question 13

Culture

Answer 13

A pattern of shared meaning and behavior among a group of people that is passed from one generation to the next

Question 14

Enculturation

Answer 14

The uniquely human form of learning that is taught by one generation to another

Question 15

Gender schema theory

Answer 15

argues that children actively organize others’ behavior, activities, and attributes into gender categories or schemas

Question 16

Genderfluid

Answer 16

An individual who may identify as male, female, both, or neither at different times and in different circumstances

Question 17

Genderqueer or gender nonbinary

Answer 17

An umbrella term used to describe a wide range of individuals who do not identify with and/or conform to the gender binary

Question 18

Ethnocentric bias (or ethnocentrism)

Answer 18

evaluating other cultures by the standards of one’s own culture which results in misunderstanding other cultures

Question 19

Individualism

Answer 19

The cultural trend in which the primary unit of measurement is the individual.

Question 20

Ethnographic studies

Answer 20

Research that emphasizes field data collection and that examines questions that attempt to understand culture from it’s own context and point of view

Question 21

Hostile sexism

Answer 21

attitudes that women are inferior and incompetent relative to men

Question 22

Social learning theory

Answer 22

argues that gender roles are learned through reinforcement, punishment, and modeling

Question 23

Ritual

Answer 23

• Rites or actions performed in a systematic or prescribed way often for an intended purpose
• Example: The exchange of wedding rings during a marriage ceremony in many cultures

Question 24

Self-construal

Answer 24

The extent to which the self is defined as independent or as relating to others

Question 25

Value judgment

Answer 25

An assessment—based on one’s own preferences and priorities—about the basic “goodness” or “badness” of a concept or practice