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BIOL 1103 > Week 3: Tissue Structure & Function > Flashcards

Week 3: Tissue Structure & Function Flashcards

1
Q

Why is tissue level organization so important?

A

Efficiency

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2
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A

Lining and covering of tissues.
No blood supply.
3 types.

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3
Q

Squamous

A

Scale-like.
Flat nucleus.
Epithelial Tissue

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4
Q

Cubodial

A

Cube shaped
Epithelial

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5
Q

Columnar Cell

A

Nucleus close to base.
Rectangular shape.
Epithelial Tissue.

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6
Q

Tissue Types in the Body

A

Connective
Epithelial
Muscle
Nerve

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7
Q

Epithelial Composition

A

Apical surface on top, attached basal surface on bottom.
Sits on non-cellular basement membrane.
No blood vessels but has nerves.
Replaces itself (regenerative)

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8
Q

Simple Squamous Epithelium: Structure, Function, Location.

A

One layer.
Thin = easy diffusion.
Reduces friction, diffusion, secretion.
Air sacs of lungs, blood vessels.

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9
Q

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium: Structure, Function, Location.

A

One layer.
Secretion and absorption.
Ducts of glands and kidneys.

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10
Q

Simple Columnar Epithelium: Structure, Function, Location

A

One layer.
Microvilli (more surface area)
Secretion and absorption.
Stomach, small intestine, large intestine, digestive glands, gall bladder

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11
Q

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium: Structure, Function, Location.

A

Multiple layers.
Secretion and protection.
Sweat glands.

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12
Q

Stratified Squamous Epithelium: Structure, Function, Location.

A

Multiple layers
Protection of underlying areas subjected to abrasion.
Skin

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13
Q

Stratified Columnar Epithelium: Struc, Fun, Loc

A

Multiple Layers
Secretion and protection
Male urethra, large excretory ducts of some glands.

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14
Q

Functions of Epithelial Tissues

A

Protection, permeability, sensation, specialized secretions.

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15
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Framework of organs/structures by connecting tissues to make up organs.
Composed of Matrix and Associated cells

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16
Q

Matrix

A

Non-living intercellular material.
Protein fibers and ground substances

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17
Q

Associated Cells (Connective Tissue)

A

Produce, maintain and are found in matrix.

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18
Q

5 Classifications of Connective Tissue

A

Loose, Dense, Cartilage, Solid, Liquid

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19
Q

3 Types of Loose

A

Areolar, Reticular, Adipose

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20
Q

3 Types of Dense

A

Regular, Irregular, Elastic

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21
Q

3 types of Cartilage

A

Hyaline, Elastic, Fibrocartilage

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22
Q

Solid Connective

A

Bone

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23
Q

Liquid Connective

A

Blood, Lymph

24
Q

Ground Substance

A

Fluid, semi-fluid, gelatinuous or calcified
Supports and binds cells.

25
Q

Fibres

A

Collagen, elastic, reticular

26
Q

Types of Connective Tissue Cells

A

Fibroblasts, Adipocytes, Melanocytes, Leukocytes, Macrophages, Plasma Cells, Mast Cells

27
Q

Embryonic Connective Tissue

A

Mesenchyme
Present in embryo and fetus
Soft and delicate fibres

28
Q

Areolar Connective

A

Most widely distributed
Contains several types of cells
All fibre types
Strength, elasticity and support.

29
Q

Function of Areolar

A

Attaches skin and underlying tissues
Packing between glands, muscles, nerves.

30
Q

Adipose

A

Subcutaneous layer of skin and around organs and joints.
Adipocytes for fat storage.

31
Q

Function of Adipose

A

Insulation, support, protection, energy reserve.

32
Q

Reticular

A

Interlacing reticular fibres and cells
Forms scaffolding used by cells of lymphoid tissues.

33
Q

Functions of Reticular

A

Filters/removes old blood cells and microbes in spleen and lymph nodes.

34
Q

Dense Connective Tissue

A

Thicker and more dense fibres than loose.
Less cells than loose.
Ex: tendons.

35
Q

Regular Dense Connective Tissue

A

Collagen bundles arranged regularly
Fibroblasts in rows between fibres
Forms tendon and ligaments
Strength

36
Q

Irregular Dense Connective Tissue

A

Random collagen fibres and fibroblasts
Forms sheets (skin, heart valves, covering of bone)
Strength when forces are pulling from many different directions.

37
Q

Elastic Dense Connective: Makeup, location, function

A

Branching elastic fibres and few fibroblasts
Lung tissue, elastic arteries, trachea, bronchi
Allows stretching of organs.

38
Q

Cartilage: Makeup, location, function.

A

Collagen fibres and elastic fibres in a dense network.
No blood vessels
Ends of bones, trachea, lungs, nose.
Flexibility and support.

39
Q

What is the only connective tissue without blood vessels?

A

Cartilage

40
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

A

Most abundant
Lacunae
Ends of long bones, ribs, nose, trachea, bronchi, larynx
Smooth surface for joint movemtn

41
Q

Elastic Cartilage

A

Chondrocytes in a threadlike network of elastic fibres
Supportive but bends easily
Part of external ear and epiglottis
Lacunae

42
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Thick bundles of collagen fibres, very strong and tough cartilage.
Discs in intervertebral spaces and knee joints - supports huge loads up and down axis of body.

43
Q

Bone

A

Rigid matrix, calcium compounds and collagen fibers.
support, protect, movement

44
Q

Blood

A

No fibres
red and white cells
transport and immunity

45
Q

Skeletal (Striated) Muscle Tissue

A

Associated with skeleton
Voluntary
Movement, posture, heat production.
Long cylindrical fibres

46
Q

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

A

Heart
Involuntary
Circulate blood
Striated, but fibres are branched

47
Q

Smooth Muscle Tissue

A

Internal organs and glands
Involuntary
Non-striated
Movement of materials/structure inside body.
Thin spindle shaped cells

48
Q

Desmosomes

A

Strong protein structures - hold cells together while the heart contracts

49
Q

Gap Junctions

A

On cardiac muscle cells so ions for heart contraction can pass among all cardiac muscle cells.

50
Q

Intercalated Disc

A

Dark band between cells
Gap junctions and desmosomes together.

51
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

Nerve cells in a loose association forming networkds

52
Q

Epithelial Tissue overall function

A

first line of protection from physical, chemical, biological wear and tear.

53
Q

Connective tissue overall function

A

connect tissues and organs

54
Q

Muscle tissue overall function

A

movement

55
Q

Nervous tissue overall function

A

Messages

BIOL 1103 (12 decks)

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