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anatomy > WEEK 5 - Kindeyse, Bladder and Male and Female Pelvis > Flashcards

WEEK 5 - Kindeyse, Bladder and Male and Female Pelvis Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

location of the kidneys

A

lie on the posterior abdominal wall either side of the spinal column

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2
Q

important posterior relations of the kidneys

A

quadratus lumborum muscle

11th and 12th ribs

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3
Q

describe the path of the ureters

A

run down the posterior abdominal wall to enter the pelvis where they drain into the bladder

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4
Q

what are found at the super medial borders of the kidneys

A

the suprarenal glands

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5
Q

what % cardiac output goes to the kidneys

A

25%

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6
Q

blood supply to the kidneys is via

A

single pair of renal arteries

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7
Q

what drains the kidney of blood, where is this blood returned to

A

renal vein

returned to the inferior vena cava

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8
Q

3 zones of the kidney

A

cortex
medulla
renal pelvis

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9
Q

structural and functional unit of the kidney

A

nephron

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10
Q

where are cortical nephrons found

A

mainly in the cortex

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11
Q

junta-medullary nephrons

A

found at the junction between the medulla and the cortex

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12
Q

hormones produced by the suprarenal glands

A

adrenaline
aldosterone
cortisol

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13
Q

what are suprarenal glands

A

endocrine glands found at the super medial border of the kidneys

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14
Q

what is the quadratus lumborum muscle ?

A

deepest abdominal muscle

located in your lower back either side of the lumbar spine. starts with lowest rib, ends at top of pelvis

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15
Q

psoas major muscle

A

part of illiopsoas muscle, strongest hip flexor

originates from 1st to 4th lumbar vertebrae

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16
Q

cura of the diaphragm

A

2 tendinous structures that extend below the diaphragm to the vertebral column

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17
Q

common iliac artery

A

2 large arteries originate from aortic bifurcation at 4th lumbar vertebrae

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18
Q

external iliac artery

A

proceeds anterior and inferior along medial border of posts major muscles

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19
Q

external oblique aponeurosis

A

runs down centre of abdomen, starts at bottom of ribs, ends at pubis
runs crosswise to attach obliques to other abdominal muscles

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20
Q

internal oblique aponeurosis

A

divides into anterior and posterior layers which pass infant and behind the rectus muscle to reach the linea alba

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21
Q

transverse abdominal muscle

A

muscle layer of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall, deep to internal oblique muscle
acts to compress abdominal contents

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22
Q

pubic tubercle

A

forward projecting tubercle on upper border of superior rectus of the pubis.
Attaches to inguinal ligaments

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23
Q

anterior spine of the ileum

A

bony projection from iliac bone
refers to anterior extremity of the iliac crest of the pelvis
provides attachment for the inguinal ligaments and sartorius muscle

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24
Q

inguinal ligament

A

band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine
forms the base of the inguinal canal - through which a hernia may occur

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25
conjoint tendon
formed from lower aponeurosis of internal oblique muscle and transverse abdomens. inserts into the crest of the pubis behind superficial inguinal ring
26
superficial inguinal ring
triangular opening, forms exit of the inguinal canal
27
deep inguinal ring
found above midpoint of the inguinal ligament, lateral to epigastric vessels created by transverse fascia, which invaginate to from covering of contents of inguinal canal
28
spermatic cord
formed by vas deferent and surrounding tissue from the deep inguinal ring facilitates passage of semen
29
what are the membranes surround the testes derived from
anterior abdominal wall
30
what is the epididymis
coiled tube which matures the seems and sends to the vas deferens
31
describe location of vas deferens
runs along back of testes
32
function of vas deferens during ejaculation
contraction propelling the sperm into the urethra picking up secretions from accessory sex glands
33
where are the sperm formed
in the seminiferous tubes
34
what is the tunica albuginea
white/grey fibrous envelope of the carpora cavernosa and corpus spongeosum that covers the testes helps to trap blood in the corpus cavernosa
35
what is the tunica vaginalis
pouch membrane which covers the albuginea
36
what is the cremastic fascia
fascia in scrotum, allows testicles to be pulled towards the body when cold/injured
37
where does the bladder lie in females
anterior to the uterus in front of the pelvis
38
describe the bladder in relation to the peritoneum
the bladder is subperitoneal
39
what does the male bladder lie above
above and behind the pubic bone
40
What occurs as a reuslt of parasympathetic stimulation of the bladder
detrusor muscle (urinary bladder wall) to contract and simultaneously relax the internal sphincter muscle between the bladder and the urethra, allowing the bladder to void.
41
What occurs as a result of sympathetic stimulation of the bladder
increase capacity
42
The male hemi pelvis contains the
``` proximal half of vas deferens seminal vesicles prostate gland urethra rectum bladder pelvic diaphragm ```
43
Where do visceral structures receive their parasympathetic supply from
from the pelvic splanchnic nerves - part of the sacral parasympathetic outflow
44
Where do visceral structures receive their sympathetic supply from
from sympathetic hypogastric plexus
45
Where do most of the strcutures of the pelvis recieve their blood supply from
branches of the internal iliac artery | however rectum from inferior mesenteric artery
46
pubic symphysis
secondary cartilaginous joints made of hyaline cartilage, | located between left and right pubic bones near midline of body
47
trigone of bladder
smooth triangular region of the internal urinary bladder formed by the uretic orifices
48
what is the trigone bladder sensitive to
expansion, once stretched to a degree, urinary bladder signals brain of its need to empty
49
ureter
runs through centre of prostate from bladder to the pelvis
50
prostate gland
located between bladder and pelvis, infant of rectum | secretes fluid that nourishes and protects sperm
51
seminal vesicle
secretes fluid, increases alkalinity | posteroinferior to the urinary bladder
52
internal iliac artery
supplies blood to viscera of penis, pelvic walls, external genitalia, perineum, bottom and medial thigh
53
corpus cavernosa
two masses of erectile tissue
54
corpus spongiosum
erectile tissue terminating in the glans
55
penile urethra
longest part of male urethra
56
glans penis
tip of penis in the middle is opening of urethra
57
major nerve of penis
autonomic innervation from sympathetic hypogastric plexus and parasympathetic innervation via the pelvic splanchnic nerves
58
labia majus
2 folds of skin that extend from the mons pubis downwards and backwards to merge with skin of the perineum. forms lateral borders of the vulval cleft
59
labia minus
2 small folds of skin, extends backwards on each side of opening of vagina lie either side of labia majus
60
cervix
narrow passage forming lower end of uterus
61
external os
opening into the vagina
62
uterus
hollow muscular organ located in the female pelvis between bladder and rectum once eggs leave ovaries they are fertilised and implanted in the uterus
63
ovary
produce oocytes and reproductive hormones | travel down Fallopian tubes into uterus
64
Fallopian tube
pair of tubes along which transports ova from scary to uterus
65
broad ligament
double fold of peritoneum contains Fallopian tubes
66
uterosacral ligament.
support uterus within pelvic cavity | bi-lateral fibrous bands, attach cervix to sacrum
67
ovarian ligament
fibrous ligament connecting ovary to lateral surface of uterus
68
suspensory ligament
connects ovary to side of uterus lies within broad ligament joins uterus bellow Fallopian tubes extends outwards from ovary to lateral abdominal wall

anatomy (5 decks)

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