Week 5 pt 2 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Being able to read require child’s understanding of what correspondence?
Grapheme (letter) phoneme (sound) correspondence.
What are the types of figurative language?
Metaphors
Similes
Hyperboles
Idioms
Proverbs
Irony and Sarcasm
Allomorph
Different forms of the same morpheme. Ex cats, kisses, dogs
Allophone
Different pronunciation of the same phoneme. ex. the two /p/ phonemes in pop
Diphthong
combination of vowel sounds pronounced together in the same syllable. Ex: ow, fine, boy
Dipgraph
a pair of letters (graphemes) that make a single sound (phoneme). Ex: ch, sh, ph, ea in bread.
Homophones
Words that sound alike. may be spelled the same or differently (heterograph) but have different meanings. ex:
Homonym: Light switch and Light weight.
Heterograph: So and sew.
Homographs
Spelled the same! May sound the same, or different (heteronyms/heterophones). Ex: Ring on finger. phone will ring. Heterophone: Bow and Bow. Lead and lead.
Homonyms
Spelled and pronounced the same, different meaning. ex Brown bear, vs Bear the weight. can also be a homophone, homograph or both.
Features of Literate Language
1) Elaborated noun phrases
-with post-modification (11 years old) ex: the girl with red hair.
2) Adverbs- provide informationa about time, manner, degree, place, reason, affirmation/negation. ex: suddenly
3) Conjunctions ex: and, so, therefore.
4) Mental and linguistic verbs: verbs that refer to various acts of thinking and speaking.
Functional Flexibility
Ability to use language for a variety of communicative purposes or functions
Two language functions that develop greatly in school age years.
Expository discourse
Persuasive discourse
Expository Discourse
Language used to convey information
Persuasive Discourse
Language used to convince a listener or audience to adopt a certain stance or take a certain action.
Conversational abilities in school age children
Stay on topic longer
Make larger number of relevant and factual comments
Shift smoothly from one topic to another
Adjust the content and style to the listener’s thought and feelings
Become more proficient at understanding and using indirect request (ex: do you know what time is it) (age 7)
Repair conversational breakdowns by providing additional background info and defining terms (age 9)
4 types of narratives
1) recounts: telling a story about personal experiences or retelling a story.
2)Accounts: spontaneous personal narratives
3) Event casts: describe a situation as it happens
4) Fictionalized stories: invented narrative. Usually with main character who must overcome a challenge or solve a problem.
Story Grammar
The components of a narrative and the rules that govern the organization of the narrative.
7 Components of story grammar
Introduction- introduces characters/setting.
Initial event - introduces event that start the story
Character development-mentions main character and supporting character, clearly discriminates btwn them.
Mental states- describes mental states of the characters.
Referencing - uses pronouns so others understand what the pronouns refer to in the story.
Cohesion- logical order, smooth transition. more emphasis on more important events.
Resolution- clear resolutions to all important conflicts in story.
Conclusion- Finishes story by using general conclusion statements.
Expressive Elaboration
When components of story grammar are combined in an expressive or artful manner of storytelling.
3 categories of expressive elaboration
Appendages: cues narrator is telling or ending a story
Orientations: elements that provide more detail about the setting and characters
Evaluations: ways to convey narrator or character perspectives.
Metalinguistic competence
The ability to think about and analyze language as an object of attention.
