Week 5 Urinary Disorders

Question 1

organ that cleanses the blood of waste products continually produced by metabolism

Answer 1

kidney

Question 2

the outer part of the kidney (outermost layer)

Answer 2

renal cortex

Question 3

the inner portion of the kidney

Answer 3

renal medulla

Question 4

the triangular divisions of the medulla of the kidney

Answer 4

renal pyramids

Question 5

narrow, innermost end of a renal pyramid

Answer 5

renal papilla

Question 6

expansion of the upper end of a ureter

Answer 6

renal pelvis

Question 7

a division of the renal pelvis into which a papilla opens

Answer 7

calyx

Question 8

microscopic functional unit of each kidney

Answer 8

nephron

Question 9

nephron is divided into ____ and ____

Answer 9

renal corpuscle and renal tubule

Question 10

the renal corpuscle is made up of ____ and ____

Answer 10

glomerular capsule (Bowman’s capsule) and glomerulus

Question 11

network of blood capillaries inside the glomerular capsule

Answer 11

glomerulus

Question 12

the renal tubule is made up of (these 4 components)

Answer 12

proximal convoluted tubule
nephron loop (loop of Henle)
distal convoluted tubule
collecting duct

Question 13

narrow tubes that carry urine from kidney to bladder

Answer 13

ureters

Question 14

collapsible saclike organ that collects urine from the kidneys and stores it before elimination

Answer 14

urinary bladder

Question 15

passageway for elimination of urine

Answer 15

urethra

Question 16

a toxic condition caused by retention in the blood of waste products normally excreted in the urine

Answer 16

uremia

Question 17

in uremia, there are high levels of ____ waste

Answer 17

nitrogenous

Question 18

condition commonly associated with edema, dehydration, and a yellow discoloration

Answer 18

uremia

Question 19

microbial inflammation of the glomerulus and the nephron

Answer 19

glomerulonephritis

Question 20

characterized by the sudden onset of blood and protein in the urine, salt and water retention, high blood pressure, increased neutrophils and monocytes in the immune system

Answer 20

acute glomerulonephritis

Question 21

renal condition which can be caused by strep throat, skin infections, hepatitis, diabetes, IV drug use and is commonly treated with antibiotics

Answer 21

acute glomerulonephritis

Question 22

may result in excess fluid in the body, distention of the jugular veins, and the odor of urine in the blood and tissue fluids

Answer 22

chronic glomerulonephritis

Question 23

inflammation of the kidney, affects nephrons specifically

Answer 23

pyelonephritis

Question 24

inflammation of the renal pelvis of the kidney; may affect the renal pelvis and/or the calyces of the kidneys

Answer 24

pyelitis

Question 25

distention of the renal pelvis with urine as a result of obstruction

Answer 25

hydronephrosis

Question 26

presence of one or more kidney stones in the urinary system

Answer 26

nephrolithiasis

Question 27

kidney stones; may form when urine is overconcentrated with substances such as calcium or phosphate

Answer 27

renal calculi

Question 28

kidney stones are often asymptomatic until they reach the ureters (T/F)

Answer 28

true

Question 29

inflammation of the ureter; usually occurs from an infection that spreads from the kidneys to the urinary bladder but may also occur due to nerve damage

Answer 29

ureteritis

Question 30

inflammation of the urinary bladder

Answer 30

cystitis

Question 31

recurring discomfort and pain in the bladder and pelvic region; bladder may become increasingly irritated leading to the development of scar tissue; pinpoint bleeding on the bladder wall may also occur

Answer 31

interstitial cystitis

Question 32

inflammation of the urethra also known as urinary tract infection

Answer 32

urethritis

Question 33

urethritis tends to develop far more commonly in men (T/F)

Answer 33

false (far more commonly in women)

Question 34

bilateral, grapelike clusters of cysts replace normal renal tissue; kidney can become very enlarged; nephrons become compressed and the filtration of blood and production of urine slow down

Answer 34

polycystic kidney

Question 35

one or both kidneys are smaller than normal; may not be able to function properly past childhood

Answer 35

renal hypoplasia

Question 36

abnormal development of tissue in the kidney; may be present in one or both kidneys

Answer 36

renal dysplasia

Question 37

loss of function of the kidneys caused by a sudden drop in blood pressure or by certain infections

Answer 37

acute renal failure

Question 38

acute renal failure is usually reversible (T/F)

Answer 38

true

Question 39

chronic renal failure is usually reversible (T/F)

Answer 39

false

Question 40

slowly progressive loss of kidney function resulting in the accumulation of fluid and waste products in the blood and eventually causing uremia

Answer 40

chronic renal failure