Week 8 Skeletal & Integumentary Disorders

Question 1

the ___ bones comprised of the skull, vertebrae, thorax, and hyoid bone make up the ____

Answer 1

80
axial skeleton

Question 2

the ___ bones comprised of the pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle, and lower extremities make up the ____

Answer 2

126
appendicular skeleton

Question 3

functions of the skeletal system (5)

Answer 3

support / internal framework
protection
movement
storage / homeostasis of blood calcium
hematopoiesis

Question 4

slow-onset loss of bone density which occurs throughout the skeleton and predisposes a patient to fractures

Answer 4

osteoporosis

Question 5

the leading cause of osteoporosis is a lack of ____

Answer 5

estrogen

Question 6

this type of osteoporosis affects mostly postmenopausal women (but may also affect men)

Answer 6

type I

Question 7

this type of osteoporosis is caused by aging

Answer 7

type II

Question 8

inflammation of bone and bone marrow as the result of an infection of pyogenic bacteria

Answer 8

osteomyelitis

Question 9

abnormal softening of bones in adults due to faulty calcification and also marked by a deficiency in calcium and phosphate; may result from vitamin D deficiency

Answer 9

osteomalacia

Question 10

a disease of infants and young children caused by deficiency of vitamin D resulting in defective bone growth

Answer 10

rickets

Question 11

condition resulting in swelling and stiffening of the joints

Answer 11

arthritis

Question 12

may be associated with extravascular edema, poor distribution, and positioning issues

Answer 12

arthritis

Question 13

inflammation of the bursae

Answer 13

bursitis

Question 14

bursitis usually lasts about a week with treatment, though recurrence is common (T/F)

Answer 14

true

Question 15

a break in a bone

Answer 15

fracture

Question 16

type of fracture which does not protrude through the skin

Answer 16

simple

Question 17

type of fracture which protrudes through the skin

Answer 17

compound

Question 18

disorder in which the spinal column exhibits a lateral curvature

Answer 18

scoliosis

Question 19

the cause of scoliosis is not known (T/F)

Answer 19

true

Question 20

genetic disorder of bone growth resulting in dwarfism

Answer 20

achondroplasia

Question 21

characterized by an average height of 4 feet, shorter arms/legs, large head with a prominent forehead, deformed joints, short and stubby fingers and a separation between the third and fourth fingers

Answer 21

achondroplasia

Question 22

persons with ____ are at risk for sudden death (often during sleep) due to poor muscle tone

Answer 22

achondroplasia

Question 23

excessive growth (hyperplasia) of the bones of the elderly

Answer 23

Paget’s disease (osteitis deformans)

Question 24

causes chronic inflammation, thickening, and softening of the bones; also may cause bowing of the bones

Answer 24

Paget’s disease (osteitis deformans)

Question 25

Paget's disease is caused by an excess of calcium (T/F)

Answer 25

false (idiopathic)

Question 26

skin and connective tissues beneath it

Answer 26

integument

Question 27

a cutaneous membrane that is a sheetlike organ composed of the epidermis and the dermis

Answer 27

skin

Question 28

the skin is the largest organ of the body (T/F)

Answer 28

true

Question 29

layers of the skin are supported by a thick layer of loose connective tissue and fat called ____

Answer 29

subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis)

Question 30

functions of the skin (5)

Answer 30

protection temperature regulation sense organ activity excretion synthesis of vitamin D

Question 31

outermost layer of the skin made up of a thin layer of stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 31

epidermis

Question 32

layers of the epidermis (3)

Answer 32

stratum corneum (superficial) strata stratum basale (deep)

Question 33

junction that exists between the dermis and the epidermis

Answer 33

dermal-epidermal junction

Question 34

deeper layer of the skin made up mostly of connective tissue

Answer 34

dermis

Question 35

layers of the dermis (2)

Answer 35

papillary layer (superficial) reticular layer (deep)

Question 36

blackheads, whiteheads, and pimples on the skin

Answer 36

acne

Question 37

lesion which can cause permanent and serious scarring, most common on the face but can occur in other areas

Answer 37

acne

Question 38

follicle plugged with sebum

Answer 38

comedo

Question 39

open comedo

Answer 39

blackhead

Question 40

closed comedo under the skin

Answer 40

whitehead

Question 41

solid elevated lesion

Answer 41

papule

Question 42

dome-shaped lesion containing pus

Answer 42

pustule

Question 43

temporary red spot left by a healed acne lesion

Answer 43

macule

Question 44

solid dome-shaped lesion that extends deep into the skin

Answer 44

nodule

Question 45

saclike lesion containing semisolid mixture

Answer 45

cyst

Question 46

localized collection of pus walled off by a membrane formed by macrophages

Answer 46

abscess

Question 47

____ are the result of pyogenic bacteria or some other pathogen, often from open wounds; they can disrupt surrounding tissues because of inflammatory process and/or cause a septic infection

Answer 47

abscesses

Question 48

sexually transmitted disease that causes skin lesions

Answer 48

syphilis

Question 49

hard, primary ulcer appearing 2-3 weeks after infection due to syphilis (often occur at the site of the bacterial infection)

Answer 49

chancre

Question 50

secondary stage of ____ is characterized by ulcerations of the mucous membranes and a reddish or copper-colored skin rash

Answer 50

syphilis

Question 51

infectious lesion appearing in tertiary syphilis; consists of a central necrotic mass surrounded by inflammation and deterioration of the tissues

Answer 51

gumma

Question 52

condition of the sebaceous glands of the scalp, face, and trunk causing scaly dry patches and/or dandruff on the scalp; has been linked to fungal infections and immune system abnormalities

Answer 52

seborrheic dermatitis

Question 53

____ may result in cradle cap or the formation of a thick crust over the scalp

Answer 53

seborrheic dermatitis

Question 54

inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry, red, extremely itchy patches which may ooze inflammatory exudate and may become infected easily

Answer 54

eczema

Question 55

chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by red, thickened areas with silvery scales; common on the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back

Answer 55

psoriasis

Question 56

causes skin cells to shed too early and excessive growth of the skin resulting in plaques

Answer 56

psoriasis

Question 57

skin mole / pigmented epithelial tumor

Answer 57

melanocytic nevus