week 6

Question 1

sensory memory (SM)

Answer 1

to create coherent perception
- very brief

Question 2

persistence of vision

Answer 2

the continued perception of a visual stimulus after it is no longer present

Question 3

sperling’s experiment

Answer 3

• whole report method: report as many letter that were shown (4,5/12)
• partial report method: letter in a single 4 letter row and high, medium and low pitched noise after the letters were shown (3,3/4)
• delayed partial report method: same as before, but with a delayed tone (1/4)
  –> conclusion: SM registers almost of the information but decays

Question 4

ionic memory/visual icon

Answer 4

brief sensory memory for visual stimuli

Question 5

echoic memory

Answer 5

the persistence of sound

Question 6

short term memory (STM)

Answer 6

stores small amount for a brief period (4-7 items)

Question 7

digit span

Answer 7

the number of digits a person can remember

Question 8

change detection

Answer 8

determine what has changed between 2 pictures

Question 9

chunking

Answer 9

small units –> larger meaningful units
–> increases our ability to hold information in the STM

Question 10

semantic code

Answer 10

based on one word in chunking

Question 11

long term memory (LTM)

Answer 11

• a network that links concepts in memory
• retrieving one thing –> triggers other
• some connections are stronger than others
• incomplete retrieval –> if you can not access a concept but retrieve others (tip-of-the-tongue)

Question 12

declaritive (explicit)

Answer 12

memories that can be consciously accessed and be declared
- episodic
- semantic

Question 13

non-declaritive (implicit)

Answer 13

memories that cannot be consciously accessed
- procedural: skills
- perceptual representation system: perceptual priming
- classical conditioning
- non-associative learning: habituation sensitization

Question 14

amnesia

Answer 14

memory loss

Question 15

anterograde amnesia

Answer 15

inability to form new memories

Question 16

retrograde amnesia

Answer 16

inability to retrieve memories from the past

Question 17

HM

Answer 17

surgically removal of hippocampus areas to alleviate epilepsy –> complete anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia

Question 18

hippocampus

Answer 18

• encoding information into declarative LTM

Question 19

effective rehearsal strategies

Answer 19

• spacing (time between practice)
• elaborative rehearsal: meaningful rehearsing
• creating visual images
  optimize retrieval:
• retrieval context is similar to encoding context
• test yourself

Question 20

mnemonic devices

Answer 20

• categorical dusting
• interactive images
• pegword system
• method of loci
• acronym
• acrostic
• keyword system

Question 21

categorical dusting

Answer 21

organize a list of items

Question 22

interactive images

Answer 22

link the isolated words

Question 23

legword system

Answer 23

association and form an interactive image

Question 24

method of loci

Answer 24

link landmarks to items

Question 25

acronym

Answer 25

a word of 1st letter of words

Question 26

acrostic

Answer 26

form a sentence

Question 27

keyword system

Answer 27

link the sound of the words to familiar words

Question 28

attentional blink

Answer 28

participant usually miss the second target that looks different

Question 29

lateral intra parietal area (LIP)

Answer 29

responds to external sensory stimuli and motor response - salience map

Question 30

salience map

Answer 30

where only the location of the most behaviorally relevant stimuli are encoded