Week 7+8 Digestive System Flashcards
(50 cards)
order of small intestine
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
________- of the small intestine mucosa slow the passage of food, thereby providing more time for digestion and absorption
Circular folds
folds for absorption are most numerous and prominent in the
jejunum and upper ileum.
Absorption occurs through
villi (jazz hands)
A villus is composed of
-absorptive columnar epithelial cells (enterocytes)
-mucus-secreting goblet cells
-Each villus secretes enzymes necessary for digestion and absorbs nutrients
___________ create a mucosal surface known as the brush border
microvilli
contains lymphocytes; plasma cells, which produce immunoglobulins; and macrophages.
lamina propria (a connective tissue layer of the mucosa) lies beneath the epithelial cells of the villi
if you are lactose intolerant youre deficient in
lactase
inhibits the breakdown of lactose (milk sugar) into monosaccharides glucose and galactose and therefore prevents lactose digestion and absorption across the intestinal wall.
lactase deficiency
lactase persistence (LP).
-most people stop making as much lactase after breast feeding
-most are completely done between 10-15 y/o
-but some still can make lactase and digest
are milk allergies and lactose intolerance different
yes
details of lactose intolerance
-undigested lactose remains in the intestine,
-bacterial fermentation causes gases to form.
-Undigested lactose also increases the osmotic gradient in the intestine, causing irritation and osmotic diarrhea.
lactose intolerance sxs
bloating, crampy pain, diarrhea, and flatulence
lactose intolerance tests
- Hydrogen breath test
- genetic testing
- food sensitivity testing
Gluten-sensitive enteropathy,
celiac disease
autoimmune disease of the small intestinal villous epithelium when there is ingestion of the cereal protein gluten (gliadin) found in wheat, rye, barley, and oats in genetically susceptible individuals
celiac disease
other autoimmune associated with celiac
type 1 diabetes mellitus, autoimmune thyroiditis, and Addison disease.
what cells infiltrate during celiac disease
T cells
flattening of villi in the upper small intestine happens in
celiac
malabsorption in celiac
loss of mucosal surface area and brush-border enzymes leads
Fat malabsorption in the jejunum is the major cause of
steatorrhea (fatty stools)
a cutaneous manifestation of gluten-sensitive enteropathy
Dermatitis herpetiformis
-blister formation on skin
-symettrical
-usually on elbows
most common GI condition
IBS
