Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Health and Psychological Well-being > Week 7 Lecture > Flashcards

Week 7 Lecture Flashcards

(70 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is coronary heart disease also known as?

A

Coronary artery disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What type of disease is coronary heart disease?

A

A cardiovascular disease which involves diseases affecting heart of blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When does coronary heart disease occur?

A

When the walls of coronary arteries become narrowed bu a gradual build up of fatty material called atheroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 4 main forms of coronary heart disease?1

A
  1. angina
  2. acute myocardinal infarction
  3. sudden cardiac death
  4. heart failure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is angina?

A

pain in chest sometimes radiating down left arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is acute myocardinal infarction?

A

A heart attack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When does sudden cardiac death most occur?

A

Mostly after previous heart attacks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is heart failure?

A

When your heart is not pumping properly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the leading form of death?

A

coronary heart disease?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many men and women die from coronary heart disease each year?

A

3.8 million men and 3.4 million women approx each year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are some things which certain types of stress predict in chronic illness among Australians? (3 type of stress)

A
  • work related stress associated with depression and anxiety
  • personal stresses for depression, anxiety diabetes and heart disease
  • family related stress onset of heart and circulatory diseases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Those working long hours increase their risk of what?

A

stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Work stress predicts what according to a meta analysis?

A

heart disease and stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are some things which predict coronary heart disease?

A

smoking, high cholestoral, hypertension, physical anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Some strong and consistent evidence of psychosocial independent aspects show what contributing to heart disease risk? (2)

A

depression and social isolation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What co occurs often with depression?

A

diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Diabetes and depression are though to share what?

A

a range of biological, psychological, social, economic and cultural determinants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

People with diabetes are also likely to have what? (4)

A
  1. heart disease
  2. heart attack
  3. stroke
  4. high blood pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What causes almost 60% of death of those with diabetes?

A

coronary heart disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

People with diabetes are almost 2-3 times more likely to also have what?

A

coronary heart disease, higher mortality from heart disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does coronary heart disease predicts?

A

cognitive impairment or dementia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which countries have better detection of chronic conditions?

A

China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia and South Africa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which country has one of the highest cardiovascular disease mortality rates in the world?

A

Finland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

In a demonstration program which aimed at reducing risk factors in cardiovascular disease in Finland, using multiple strategies (e.g media etc) had what results?

A

Risk factors levels were greatly reduced over the 30 year saturation of messaging.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
The Stanford community studies in the US aimed to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors including fat intake, using media mass messaging found what?
Reduced fat content of 25g per day
26
The Kerala Diabetes prevention program aimed at reducing high risks for diabetes in India using intervention programs and community activities had what outcome?
reduction of risk with intervention, alcohol reduction, greater intake fo fruit and vegetables, physical functioning. The main reduction was due to a reduction in tobacco use.
27
11 reviews evaluated smart phone interventions to promote individually tailored and self monitoring feedback and communication on specific health behaviours. What were the results?
short to medium term evidence of effectiveness for reducing BMI and increasing and maintaining physical activity,
28
Computer based internet interventions often deliver mostly what?
patient self-management programs/hea;th online coaching for health care advice
29
What did reviews of computer based interventions find?
That programs in health supported setting showed better chronic illness clinical outcomes
30
7 reviews using internet interventions to promote change in health behaviours feature what?
-information -monitoring individual feedback with messages -access to expert advice all found successful
31
Reviews on tele-heath interventions (monitoring and transmission of psychological data, assessment of health symptoms) found what?
reduced rates of mortality hospitalisations, reduced BMI and weight, reduced smoking, medication adherence, increased quality of life by 66% of reviews etc.
32
What are 4 issues with ICT related interventions?
1. program design using new technologies 2. evaluation and research issues 3. usability, sustainability and uptake of programs 4. context and systems
33
Why is using new technologies a problem for ICT intervention design?
small sample size, participants mostly have higher income, poor usability and retention
34
Why is evaluation and research issues a problem with ICT intervention?
poor evaluation of user perceptions, low retention, new technology but old measurement mthods
35
Why is usability, sustainability and uptake of programs an issue for ICT interventions?
lack of long term follow up, low sustainability, lack of economic evaluation
36
Why is context and systems a problem for ICT interventions?
rapid technological advancements, market saturation, lack of accountability for program finding, delivery and quality control
37
What predicts negative outcomes in physical exercise and quality of life in coronary heart disease patients?
- older - unemployed - lower self-confidence - sedentary
38
negative mental health related quality of life in coronary heart disease patients is often predicted by what?
- younger people - lower baseline mental health - depressed - sedentary - lower social support
39
What did a review about the prevalence, intervention effects and associations in depression and heart failure found what? (2)
- depression was present in heart failure patients in at least 1 in 5 - relationship between depression and poor heart failure outcomes is strong
40
What did a review of the relationship between social support and heart disease find?
- low social support predicts 1 year mortality following an acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) - low social support is equivalent to other risk factors (e.g smoking)
41
Can anger and hostility predict mortality and cardiovascular events in patients with heart disease?
Yes
42
Benefit finding after a heart attack led to what?
physical activity, healthier living, stress reduction
43
Non-benefits finding after a heart attack found what?
more anxiety, restricted lifestyle, and burden
44
What works in behaviour change interventions for heart disease patients?
providing educational information and goal setting. Small but significant effects were found. While they didn't reduce risk, it reduced mortality
45
What are some limitations for heart diseas interventions? (2)
1. need to address depression as it is a common comorbid disease 2. need to address self-management need more research looking at why there is a link between depression and heart disease
46
What are some psychological attributes with superior outcomes of coronary heart disease?
optimism -evidence for direct and in direct effect (indirect is stronger)
47
What does not predict a lifestyle change after a heart disease effect?
-behavioural intentions
48
What are the benefits of action planning in changing health behaviour ?
can help initiate action by deciding when, where and how to act
49
What are the benefits of coping planning in changing health behaviour ?
Can help a person to overcome obstacles and cope with difficulties by anticipating situations that put intended behaviour at risk
50
What did a study find about action planning and heart disease patients?
That is was more influential early in the rehabilitation process
51
What did a study find about coping planning and heart disease patients? (2)
1. more instrumental later on the the rehabilitations process 2. people with higher levels after discharge were more likely to be healthy later on
52
What does SMART goals stand for?
``` S specific M measurable A acheivable R relevant T time based ```
53
What were the outcomes of using SMART goals through heart disease intervention?
There were significant benefits for social and mental functioning of life. Also engaged in healthy behaviours
54
How to we assess someones weight?
BMI | weight in kg divided by height in metres square
55
If a BMI is between 25 and 29 they are considered as what?
overweight
56
If a BMI is between 30 and 40 they are considered as what?
obese
57
If a BMI is 40 plus they are considered as what?
very obese
58
obesity is now on rise where?
in low income countries especially in urban cities
59
Which is the most obese country?
Nauru
60
Between 2-14 and 2015, how many of Australian adults are obese?
two thirds
61
WHO will works with governments to reduce inactivity by how much in 2030?
15%
62
What does evidence suggest for behavioural approaches to weight management?
calorie counting, contacting a dietician, using behaviour change techniques that compare participants with others are associated with greater weight loss
63
What does evidence for school based interventions for weight loos show?
Making them enjoyable are generally affective
64
What are the effects of mindfulness for weight loss training in overweight and obese adults.
No significant effects for weight loss. Short term effectiveness for reducing impulsive and binge eating
65
What are some psychosocial factors which predict better maintenance after weight loss intervention? (4)
1. self-motivation 2 .self efficacy 3. self regulation skills 4. positive body image
66
What does setting have to do with exercise?
That is matters. Most successful interventions are likely to be those which incorporate the individuals work/home environment
67
How does 'built' exercise environment predict?
increased physical activity in the community
68
What is the diabetes prevention program?
an array of behavioural techniques lifestyle coaches ongoing intervention with personalised maintenance sessions
69
What did a study on the diabetes prevention program show?
Participants had a delay to the development in diabetes.
70
What did the 'look ahead' action study with diabetes find?
Intensive lifestyle intervention with participants who had diabetes, found great significant weight loss

Health and Psychological Well-being (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions