Week 8

Question 1

What are 2 ways intelligence tests can be administered?

Answer 1

Individually or in a group

Question 2

What are the advantages for group testing

Answer 2

1. The ease and efficiency for scoring and administration
2. Less skill and training required on examiner’s part
3. Reliable and standardisation sample is usually large

Question 3

What are the disadvantages of group testing

Answer 3

1. Hard to maintain motivation and rapport whilst also assessing
2. Hard to monitor factors such as anxiety
3. Limited response choice
4. Assumption that tests are equally applicable to all subjects
5. Some subjects get bored or frustrated.

Question 4

What is the definition of an intelligence test?

Answer 4

A test that attempts to predict future performance

Question 5

What is the definition of an achievement test?

Answer 5

A test that attempts to assess what a person has learned, following a specific course of instruction

Question 6

What is the definition of an aptitude test?

Answer 6

A test that attempts to evaluate a person’s potential for learning rather than how much they have already learnt

Question 7

What are some key principles used by the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale?

Answer 7

1. Age Differentiation
2. General Mental Ability

Question 8

How do you calculate the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) according to Stanford-Binet?

Answer 8

MA/CA * 100

Mental Age/ Chronological Age x 100

MA = Age they process at CA = their biological age

Question 9

What is the current Stanford-Binet IS that is used?

Answer 9

2005. 5th Ed.
      Relates to Carroll’s model – measures 5 rather than full 9
      10 Subtests
      5 Factors x 2 Domains

Question 10

What are the 5 factors in the Stanford-Binet IS 5th ed.

Answer 10

1. Fluid Reasoning
2. Knowledge
3. Visual-Spatial Reasoning
4. Working Memory
5. Quantitative Reasoning

Question 11

What are the 2 domains in the Stanford-Binet IS 5th ed.

Answer 11

1. Verbal
2. Non-Verbal

Question 12

What is Wechsler’s concept of intelligence?

Answer 12

“The capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment”

“Intelligence is a global construct (g) which can also be categorised by the sum of many specific abilities (s) ”.

Question 13

What is the intelligence scale developed by Weschler for adults?

Answer 13

Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale - 4 (WAIS-4)
5 if from 2024

16+ yrs
16-90 yrs

Question 14

What are the 4 subtests for the WAIS-IV

Answer 14

1. Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI)
2. Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI)
3. Working Memory Index (WMI)
4. Processing Speed Index (PSI)

Question 15

What is the VCI for the WAIS-IV

Answer 15

Verbal Conceptualisation, Knowledge and Expression

Question 16

What is needed for VCI?

Answer 16

Crystallised Intelligence
- Acquired knowledge about language and language

Question 17

What is the PRI for the WAIS-IV

Answer 17

Application of reasoning with non-verbal, visual stimuli including the ability to analyse and synthesise abstract visual stimuli

Nonverbal reasoning and visual motor coordination: integrating visual stimuli, reasoning nonverbally, and applying visual-spatial and visual-motor skills

Involves solving problems not normally taught in schools using abstract, novel stimuli.

Many subtests are timed or time-limited.

• General Ability from Selective

Question 18

What is needed for PRI?

Answer 18

Fluid Intelligence
- Knowledge that is not taught but rather inferred

Successful Completion of the PRI subtests require the ability to:
Apply reasoning skills on visual, non-verbal stimuli.
Apply reasoning skills on visual quantitative information.
Apply reasoning skills on conceptually related concrete and abstract visual stimuli
Integrate visual elements to create a model
Visual discrimination and attention to detail

Question 19

What is the WMI of the WAIS-IV

Answer 19

Measures cognitive abilities involved in the registration and holding of information (i.e., Short-Term M) and the mental manipulations of information being held (i.e., working memory)

Involves auditorily presented verbal and verbal-quantitative stimuli

Involves number ability and sequential processing.

Requires a good non-distractible attention span for success

Question 20

What is needed for WMI

Answer 20

Good Attention, Memory, Concentration

In order to successfully complete the subtests of the WMI one needs to be able to:
Attend to the verbal stimuli
E.g., number sequences
Discriminate between auditory stimuli
Store the verbal stimuli in memory
Retrieve the verbal stimuli from memory
Engage in mental flexibility
I.e., divide attentional resources between two or more streams of thoughts or goals.
Apply mathematical skills involves addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
Note that the subtests of the WMI are particularly sensitive to conditions that disrupt attention, memory and concentration.

Question 21

What is the PSI of the WAIS-IV

Answer 21

Measuring processing speed with non-verbal, visual stimuli

Also requires visual perception and discrimination, attention to detail, multi-tasking (mental flexibility), fine motor coordination, organisation skills, working memory, executive function abilities.

Question 22

What is needed for PSI

Answer 22

Good attention to detail, mental alertness and flexibility, perception, visual-motor processing speed, fine-motor coordination

Successful completion of the subtests of the PSI require:
Visual-motor processing speed
Fine-motor coordination
I.e., those required in hand writing
Visual perception and visual discrimination
Visual scanning
Attention to visual detail
Mental alertness
Mental flexibility

Question 23

What is the Weschler Intelligence Scale that is used for teens and pre-teens ?

Answer 23

Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children - 5

WISC-V

6-16 yrs

Question 24

What is the Weschler Intelligence Scale that is used for Children?

Answer 24

Weschler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence - 4

WPPSI-IV

2.5 yrs to 7 yrs 7 months

Question 25

Why are other intelligence tests needed apart from Stanford-Binet and Weschler?

Answer 25

Disadvantage examinees with physical or sensory disabilities Language issues

Question 26

Whats the problem with using other intell tests other than Stanford-Binet and Weschler

Answer 26

Smaller and more narrow standardisation sample Less documentation – Validity + Reliability Less well developed administration manual and scoring procedures IQ scores not interchangeable with those from Binet or Wechsler

Question 27

What are some alternative intelligence tests for Children?

Answer 27

Bayley Scales of Infant Development - 4th Ed Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children - 2nd Ed

Question 28

What is the Bayley Scales of Infant Development?

Answer 28

Comprehensive assessment tool for determining developmental delays in children Predicts intellectual disability but little predictive ability of intelligence in the normal range Bases assessment on normative maturational developmental data Normative Sample = 1262 (1-42 Months) Gender, race, SES, rural/urban, geographic region. 5 Domains

Question 29

What are the 5 Domains for the Bayley Scales of Infant Development?

Answer 29

1. Cognitive 2. Language 3. Motor 4. Socioemotional (Parent Report) 5. Adaptive (Parent Report)

Question 30

What are some alternative intelligence tests for a special population?

Answer 30

Leiter International Performance Scale - 3rd Ed. - A completely nonverbal measure of intelligence 3 - 75 years Applications: - Examinees who are cognitively delayed, non-English speaking, hearing impaired, speech impaired, or on the autism spectrum. Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test - 3rd Ed. - Examinees are required to select a picture that matches a word definition given verbally by the examiner. - Does not require a verbal response, fine motor skill, reading ability but may require hearing - May underestimate IQ as per Binet/Wechsler. Columbia Mental Maturity Scale - 3rd Ed. - Examinees are required to select a picture from 3 to 5 pictures that doesn’t belong - Does not require a verbal response, fine motor skill, reading ability - Multiple Choice – --- Issues of ‘chance’/random error

Question 31

What are some alternative nonverbal group ability intell tests?

Answer 31

Raven's Progressive Matrices - Best known and most popular - Parallel version available - Better than Binet/Wechsler in terms of racial disadvantage The culture fair intelligence test - Released in the early 1970s - Aims to remove cultural bias - Norms for Australian Population

Question 32

What is the controversy surrounding intell tests?

Answer 32

- Inability to adequately agree on what defines intelligence - Unable to clearly articulate what it is that intelligence tests are measuring

Question 33

What are some pros to intell testing?

Answer 33

1. Accurate in predicting short-term future behaviour 2. Correlated with academic and occupational success 3. Provides valuable info about cognitive strengths and weaknesses 4. Ability to compare performance to age-related peers 5. Provides baseline for determining degree to change

Question 34

What are some cons to intell testing?

Answer 34

1. “Labelling” and misrepresenting IQ score as “fixed” ability 2. Focus on analytic and scientific models of thought 3. Look at “what” rather than “how” 4. Limited usefulness in assessing minority groups.