Week Eleven - Emotional & Moral Development Flashcards
(50 cards)
What is the essential part of social competence?
emotion
What is affect?
Generic label for both mood and emotion
What is an emotion?
Experienced as a feeling that motivates, organises and guides perceptions, thought and action
What is a mood?
A low-intensity, diffuse and relative enduring affective state, often no salient cause
What is emotional development?
The way emotions change or remain stable across the lifespan
What are the 4 main distinctions between the emotions of adults and children?
Children = fewer displayed emotions and emotions in general
Children = experience same emotion but manifested in different ways
Children psychological patterns differ to adults
What are the three elements of emotional development?
- emotional expression
- regulation of emotional experience
- emotional understanding/recognition
emotional expression (define)
learning when, where, and how to display emotions
includes:
- latency
- onset
- apex
- offset
- intensity
infants = crying/smiling (reflexive and social)
explain negative emotional expression in childhood
Children learn to mask negative emotional expression as they learn more abt the rules of social interactions
- expressing most intense reaction doesn’t always lead to goals
differences between collectivist and individualistic cultures
explain emotional expressing in adulthood
Can learn to completely mask it
Expression become more mixed/complex
regulation of emotional experience (define)
How we control and direct our behaviour while emotional signals are being communicated (must experience emotion before learning how to regulate)
Social and cultural rules modulate expression
Early regualtion of emotional experience
More emotional regulation needed as the infant enters childhood and social word becomes more complex
How do we learn to regulate emotions in 3 different ways?
- emotionally: ceasing to feel
- cognitively: restructuring, shifting focus
- behaviourally: do something that changes way we feel
Later regualtion of emotional experience
Better self regulation = better psychosocial outcomes
Improves with experience
emotional understanding/recognition (explain)
Understanding and recognising emotion = interpreting and encoding emotional signals from others
improves with cog development
enables theory of mind
What 3 factors help emotional development?
Family, peers and culture
Where did Freud believe emotion came from?
Conflict between id and ego and then anxiety (later on)
Genetic Field theory (spitz) considered?
COnsidered affective relations between mother and infant
Spitz 3 organising principles
smiling response (recognising difference between self and others)
anxiety in presence of stranger (getting to know who you can trust)
semantic communication (learning to communicate and say no)
Behaviourist theory 3 basic emotions?
Fear, Rage, Love
Emotions are thought to be habits or reflexes conditioned by the environment
What did cognitive approaches to emotion suggest?
That it is the appraisal that is important (how you see event)
emotions do not occur without an antecedent appraisal , and this appraisal causes the emotion
What is the dynamic integration theory of emotion?
As cognition develops, it transforms out emotional repertoire and regulation
As adults age, cog resources are depleted
What is the trait theory of emotion?
Temperament considered to be biological basis of personality
Thomas and Chess trait theory categorisation of children?
Easy child: good mood, regular cycles, positive
Difficult child: irregular cycles, slow to adapt to change, frustrated, problems
Slow-to-warm-up child: fairly regular cycles, accepts novelty after repeated exposure, problems vary
