Weeks 7 to 9

Question 1

The employment equity act defines visible minorities as persons other than _ peoples, who are _ _ in race or _ _

Answer 1

Aboriginal
non-Caucasian
non-white

Question 2

What are the 4 political challenges in planning for diversity in Sandercock’s argument?

Answer 2

`1. dominant culture (DC)’s values embedded in legislation

2. DC values embedded in attitudes, behaviors/ practices of planners
3. planning system as an outlet to express racism (i.e. that mosque that they wanted to build)
4. planners come up against cultural practices that dont agree with their own.

Question 3

What is the Contact Hypothesis?

Answer 3

• frequent contact with others to alleviate fear and minimize prejudice

Question 4

What’s an ethnic enclave and how’s it different from a ghetto?

Answer 4

enclave-congregation by choice

ghetto-forced into it by economy/other factors.

Question 5

Explain social capital

Answer 5

networks or relationships of people in an area. i.e. the Chicago heatwave in 1995, well connected, predominately Latino neighborhood socialized in streets, took care of one another. (north lawndale, bad, vs lil village, good)

Question 6

Explain urban conflict

Answer 6

-reciprocity between power and income, rich people’s got more power in decision making and have more choices, so they can avoid negative externalities and enjoy the good stuff

Question 7

Explain the 3 Rs in measuring urban change

Answer 7

• renewal (large scale change)
• redevelopment (replace old structures)
• revitalize (update physical aspects of an area with focus on improving social vitality)

Question 8

Explain gentrification

Answer 8

-renewal/redevelopment/revitalization of low-income neighborhoods that displaces original inhabitants, new people move in and continue to improve the neighborhood.

Question 9

Why does gentrification happen?

Answer 9

• limited urban land supply
• reliance on private market to supply housing
• lack of policies supporting inclusion & equity
• desire for externalities of mixed-use communities
• branding of neighborhoods

Question 10

What planning tools can be used to encourage social mix?

Answer 10

• mixed-use zoning
• inclusionary zoning
• renewal projects that include for-profit and affordable housing
• complete communities