wk 9-11 Flashcards by sophie selander

when taking a cranial/caudal view of an extremity, you would place the marker where

lateral aspect of leg

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what conversion would you make to the mAs when taking a radiograph of an extremity

base/5

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what conversion would you make to the mAs when taking a radiograph of a skull

base x2

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where do you measure for a DV view of a skull

top of head to bottom of mandible

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where do you measure for a lateral view of a skull

across head at ears (not including the pinna)

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the FOV for a radiograph of a suspected fractured radius and ulna

elbow to carpus

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the FOV for a radiograph of a suspected fractured humerus

shoulder to elbow

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the FOV for a radiograph of a suspected fractured tibia

knee to tarsus

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FOV for the radiograph of a skull

tip of nose to atlas

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how should the beam be centered on the bone being radiographed

midway or point of interest

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the correct FOV for a VD x-ray of the pelvis

wing of ilium to caudal border of ischium (half of femur)

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correct FOV for an OFA view of the pelvis

wing of ilium to patellas

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scale contrast for pelvis

short

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what view is required by the OFA

VD only

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what are the age requirements set by the OFA

at least 24 months

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if the patient was under measured for an x-ray of the pelvis, what will the final radiograph look like

too light

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the proper area to measure an animal for a lateral pelvis

across the coxofemoral joints

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grid cut off is caused by what error in setting up for the x-ray

Bucky tray not lined up

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a radiograph which was developed for too long will be affected how

too dark

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subluxation

partial dislocation

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one breed of dog which commonly has hip dysplasia

taller, larger breeds; great dane

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where do you center for a routine VD view of the pelvis

coxofemoral joints

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where do you center for a routine lateral view of a pelvis

stifle; lower coxofemoral joints

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a radiograph which has been exposed to light and then developed and fixed will be

Study These Flashcards

black

when using a grid,

more x-ray is necessary than table top

the difference in density of adjacent tissues

contrast

term used to describe the organs or bones visualized on an xray

opacity

measurements for a whole cat views are taken at

last rib

the abdominal mAs is adjusted how for a whole cat view

1/2 base

if the scale of contrast is too long on our whole cat final x-ray how can it be fixed

turn down KVp

under measurement of the cat will result in a final x-ray that is

light

not centering the x-ray beam to the table and then taking an x-ray using the Bucky will result in

grid cut off

two reasons the x-ray developed clear

1. no exposure so nothing sensitized and all washed off 2. fixer first before developer

FOV for whole cat radiograph

thoracic inlet to coxofemoral joints

T/F ultrasound uses radiation much like x-rays

F; uses soundwaves

CT stands for

computed technology

CT uses what type of x-ray tube

rotating

CT has more or less shades of gray than regular x-rays

3 benefits of ultrasound

- portable - measures cysts, masses, etc - better at diagnosing discrete abnormalities that would be missed on x-ray

what is responsible for sending and receiving sound waves used to create an image

transducer; ultrasound probe

T/F ultrasound is better at diagnosing discrete abnormalities that x-ray

why is fur clipped before performing an ultrasound? what else to prep skin?

to have probe in direct contact with the skin; clean area with alcohol and apply coupling gel

nuclear medicine is used mostly for

localizing pathology or results of trauma in horses

for a nuclear scan, areas of inflammation show more or less activity

MRI stands for

magnetic resonance imaging

MRI visualizes ___ type of tissues when CT is better for viewing ___

soft; bone

MRI is a process involving ___ and ___ properties of cells

radio waves and hydrogen nuclei

T/F a contrast study alone should be used to make a diagnosis

what information can be obtained from a contrast study

- function of an organ - information about smooth mucosa surfaces of certain organs - size and shape of certain organs - motility of an area

radiolucent

negative media/dark

radiopaque

postive media/light

survey radiograph

general radiographs taken before the contrast media is introduced; baseline radiograph

2 ways to ensure the GI tract is empty before doing a GI study

fasting and enema (material directly into colon through rectum to defecate)

what does dark blood in vomit or stool indicate

digested blood

T/F when doing an upper GI study only one radiograph is needed

F; series of studies to examine the digestive process

when is injecting media into an organ contraindicated

if suspected rupture; inject air instead (negative media)

not centering the x-ray beam to the table and then taking an x-ray using the Bucky will result in

grid cut off

2 reasons that the x-ray you have just developed is clear

1. no exposure 2. fixer before developer solution

wk 9-11 Flashcards

(58 cards)