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Year 5 Dermatology > Y5 - Cutaneous fungal infection (incl. dermatophytosis, pityriasis versicolor) > Flashcards

Y5 - Cutaneous fungal infection (incl. dermatophytosis, pityriasis versicolor) Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

def of D

A

a superficial fungal infection with variable presentation depending on site

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2
Q

what are dermatophytes

A

fungal organisms which require keratin for growth

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3
Q

where can dermatophytes cause infection

A

in the hair, skin, and nails

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4
Q

how are dermatophytes spread

A

direct contact

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5
Q

what is the most common organism causing D

A

Tinea pedis

  • most common superficial fungal infection
  • 70% of adults
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6
Q

what is the most common superficial fungal infection

A

tinea pedis

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7
Q

what is onychomycosis

A

a superficial fungal infection affecting the nails

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8
Q

who does tinea capitis commonly affect

A

pre-adolescent children

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9
Q

who does tinea cruris commonly affect

A

adolescents and adult men

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10
Q

what are individuals with tinea barbae infection likely to have been in contact with

A

infected farm animals

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11
Q

what are anthropophilic organisms

A

spread from one person to another

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12
Q

what are geophilic organisms

A

spread from soil to humans

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13
Q

what are zoophilic organisms

A

spread from animals to humans

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14
Q

aetiology of D

A

the skins normal mechanism of protection (dryness and shedding of cells) may be interrupted by trauma, irritation, or maceration

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15
Q

host factors of D

A 
genetic susceptibility (atopy)
immunosuppression
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16
Q

local factors of D

A

sweating
occlusion
occupational exposure

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17
Q

what bacteria normally infects the nail

A

tinea unguium

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18
Q

signs and symptoms of D

A 
RFs
Hx of skin, hair, or nail lesion
skin discomfort
scalp lesions or alopecia
red, scaling lesions of beard, moustache, limbs
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19
Q

what causes scalp lesions and alopecia

A

tinea capitis

20
Q

what are RFs for D

A 
exposure to infected people, animals, or soil
chronic corticosteroid use
hot weather
obesity
hyperhidrosis
21
Q

investigations

A

potassium hydroxide microscopy

-hyphae (branching, rod-shaped filaments or uniform width with septa)

22
Q

management for tinea capitis infection

A 
systemic antifungal therapy
-griseofulvin for >2yrs
-terbinafine for >4yrs
antifungal shampoo
-selenium sulfide topical
23
Q

management for tinea barbae, tinea manuum, or Majocchi’s granuloma

A
  • griseofulvin

- terbinafine

24
Q

management for tinea faciale, tinea corporis, or tinea pedis

A

topical allylamine antifungal therapy

-terbinafine

25
Q

management for tinea unguium

A

systemic terbinafine therapy

-terbinafine

26
Q

complications of D

A

kerion

-painful boggy scalp mass due to untreated tinea capitis

27
Q

prognosis of D

A

good

-onychomycosis is most difficult to treat

28
Q

def of PV

A

a common superficial fungal infection of the stratum corneum

29
Q

what is pityriasis versicolor also known as

A

tinea versicolor

30
Q

what causes PV

A

a change to the mycelial state of dimorphic yeasts of the genus malassezia

31
Q

what does PV cause

A

hypo or hyperpigmented coalescing scaly macules on the trunk and upper arms

32
Q

when is PV most common

A

in the summer months

33
Q

epi of PV

A

common

adolescents and young adults

34
Q

aetiology

A

a superficial fungal infection resulting from a change in the mycelial state of dimorphic lipophilic yeasts of the genus malassezia which colonise the stratum corneum and are normal skin flora

35
Q

where are yeasts of malassezia commonly found

A

in rich sebaceous liquids

36
Q

what are the most common malassezia species in PV

A

M globosa

M sympodialis

37
Q

is PV contagious

A

no

38
Q

what characterises PV

A

altered pigmentatin

39
Q

signs and symptoms of PV

A

RFs

  • asymptomatic
  • dyspigmentation
  • flat macules or patches
  • more common over areas of high density sebaceous glands
40
Q

what are RFs of PV

A

adolescence/young adults
greasy skin
hyperhidrosis
corticosteroid use

41
Q

what is more common hypo or hyperpigmentation

A

hypopigmentation

42
Q

what is common with hyperpigmented lesions

A

pityriasiform scale

43
Q

investigations of PV

A

microscopy exam with KOH preparation

-short hyphae and budding yeast with spaghetti and meatballs appearance

44
Q

management of PV

A

pyrithione zinc topical with UV light

45
Q

complications of PV

A

dyschromia

-pigmentary abnormalities as treatment can take up to 6 weeks to resolve

46
Q

prognosis

A

disease will persist if untreated

Year 5 Dermatology (34 decks)

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