10. Cadances - Perfect, Plagal and Imperfect

Question 1

What is a cadence?

Answer 1

A cadence is a progression of two chords that ends a phrase or section of music.

Question 2

What are the three types of cadences?

Answer 2

Perfect - authentic
Plagal
Imperfect - half cadence

Question 3

What do Roman numerals identify?

Answer 3

The degree and type of chord.
Upper case - major
Lower case - minor

Question 4

How is a keyboard style cadence written?

Answer 4

With the root of each chord in the Bass Clef and the Root, 3rd and 5th notes of each chord in the Treble Clef.

A cadence is often written over two measures.

Question 5

What note do Perfect and Plagal cadences end on?

Answer 5

The Tonic.

Question 6

Where are Perfect and Plagal cadences often found?

Answer 6

At the end of a piece of music.

Question 7

In a Perfect or Plagal Cadence, what is the last note in the Bass Clef and what does it identify?

Answer 7

The Tonic note.

The key.

Question 8

In a Perfect or Plagal cadence, what determines if the key is Major or minor?

Answer 8

The Key Signature.

Question 9

What determines the type of cadence?

Answer 9

The degree of the bass notes.

Question 10

What do you do to determine the degree of the bass note in the first measure of a Perfect or Plagal cadence and to identify the cadence as Perfect or Plagal?

Answer 10

Count up from the Tonic note in the last measure, to the base note in the first measure to determine the degree of the note and identify the cadence as Perfect or Plagal.

Question 11

What notes does an Imperfect Cadence begin on?

Answer 11

Major key- The Tonic (I) or Subdominant (IV)

minor key- The Tonic (i) or Subdominant (iv)

Question 12

What note does an Imperfect cadence end on?

Answer 12

Major key- The Dominant (V)

minor key- The Dominant (V)

Question 13

Where is an Imperfect Cadence often found?

Answer 13

Ending a phrase in the middle of a section.

Question 14

What note degrees are in a Perfect cadence?

Answer 14

Major: V - I
minor: V - i

Question 15

What note degrees are in an Imperfect cadence?

Answer 15

Major: I - V, IV - V
minor: i - V, iv - V

Question 16

What note degrees are in a Plagal cadence.

Answer 16

Major: IV - I
minor: iv - i

Question 17

What determines if a cadence is Perfect, Plagal or Imperfect?

Answer 17

The bass notes.

Question 18

How do you identify whether a cadence is Perfect or Phagal?

Answer 18

Determine the note in the second measure of the cadence. If the last note is the Tonic note, it identifies the key. Count up from the Tonic note to determine the degree of the notes in the Bass Clef.

Question 19

In identifying a Perfect or Phagal cadence, what note is the Tonic note and what does it identify?

Answer 19

The last note in the Bass Clef is the Tonic note and it identifies the key.

Question 20

In determining the type of cadence, what does the Key Signature do?

Answer 20

Determines if the key is Major or minor.

Question 21

In determining the type of cadence, what do the bass notes do?

Answer 21

Determine whether the cadence is Perfect, Phagal or Imperfect.

Question 22

How do you determine what note is “the last note in the bass clef”?

Answer 22

It is the note in the Bass Clef in the second measure of the cadence.

Question 23

How do you identify the key for Perfect and Imperfect Cadences?

Answer 23

If the cadence contains an accidental (raised 7th note), the cadence, the key is minor. (Perfect V-i or Imperfect i-V)

If the cadence does not contain an accidental (raised 7th) it is Major. (Perfect V-I or Imperfect I-V)

Question 24

What note does a Perfect Cadence end on?

Answer 24

The Tonic note.

Question 25

What note does an Imperfect Cadence end on?

Answer 25

The Dominant note.

Question 26

How do you identify the key for Plagal cadences?

Answer 26

The cadence will NOT contain an accidental (raised 7th note) of the harmonic minor key.

Question 27

What are the notes in a Plagal cadence?

Answer 27

Major: IV - I minor: iv - I

Question 28

How do you determine if a Perfect or Plagal Cadence belongs to the Major or minor key?

Answer 28

By checking the Key Signature and then determine if the Tonic belongs to the Major or minor key.

Question 29

In an Imperfect Cadence, what is the last note in the Bass Clef and what does it identify.

Answer 29

The Dominant note.

Question 30

What is the degree of the bass note in each measure of a Perfect cadence in a Major key?

Answer 30

First measure - V | Second measure - I

Question 31

What is the degree of the bass note in each measure of a Perfect cadence in a minor key?

Answer 31

First measure - V | Second measure - i

Question 32

What is the degree of the bass note in each measure of a Phagal cadence in a Major key

Answer 32

First measure - IV | Second measure - I

Question 33

What is the degree of the bass note in each measure of a Pagal cadence in a minor key?

Answer 33

First measure - iv | Second measure - i

Question 34

What is the degree of the bass note in each measure of an Imperfect cadence in a Major key?

Answer 34

First measure - I or IV | Second measure - V or V

Question 35

What is the degree of the bass note in each measure of an Imperfect cadence in a minor key?

Answer 35

First measure - i or iv | Second measure - V or V

Question 36

What does the Dominant note of the harmonic minor key always contain?

Answer 36

The raised 7th note.

Question 37

What is the status of the Dominant chord of an harmonic minor key?

Answer 37

It is always Major,

Question 38

What is used for the raised 7th note of the harmonic minor key?

Answer 38

An accidental.

Question 39

How do you determine if the Phagal cadence belongs to a Major or minor Hryniuk?

Answer 39

Check the key signature and then determine if the Tonic note belongs to the major or minor key.