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Anatomy > 10: Musculo-neuro-vascular systems of the hand and carpal tunnel > Flashcards

10: Musculo-neuro-vascular systems of the hand and carpal tunnel Flashcards

(86 cards)

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1
Q

What type of joint is the DIP joint and what are its actions

A

Synovial hinge joint
Flexion + extension

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2
Q

What type of joint is the PIP joint and what are its actions

A

Synovial hinge joint
Flexion & extension

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3
Q

What type of joint is the MCP joint?

A

Synovial condyloid joint

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4
Q

What type of joint is the MCP joint?

A

Synovial condyloid joint

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5
Q

Lateral eminence of palmar surface

A

Thenar eminence

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6
Q

Medial eminence of palmar surface

A

Hypothenar eminence

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7
Q

What separates the two eminences

A

The central concavity

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8
Q

Compartments of the hand (5)

A

Thenar compartment
Adductor compartment
Hypothenar compartment
Central compartment
Interosseous compartment

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9
Q

Compartments of the hand are separated by

A

Fibrous septa

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10
Q

Muscles of thenar compartment (3)

A

Abductor pollicis breves
Flexor pollicis breves
Opponens pollicis

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11
Q

Origin of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Tubercle of scaphoid
Flexor retinaculum

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12
Q

Innervation of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

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13
Q

Insertion of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Proximal phalanx of thumb, lateral surface of base

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14
Q

Actions of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Abducts thumb and assists in opposition at CMC joint

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15
Q

Origin of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Trapezium and adjacent flexor retinaculum

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16
Q

Insertion of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Proximal phalanx of thumb

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17
Q

Innervation of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

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18
Q

Actions of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Flexes thumb at cmc/mcp joint

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19
Q

Origin of opponens pollicis

A

Trapezium and adjacent flexor retinaculum

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20
Q

Insertion of opponens pollicis

A

Lateral border of first metacarpal

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21
Q

Innervation of opponens pollicis

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

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22
Q

Actions of opponens pollicis

A

Assists with opposition of thumb
Flexion, adduction + medial rotation at first CMC joint

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23
Q

Muscle of adductor compartment

A

Adductor pollicis

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24
Q

Origin of Adductor pollicis

A

Transverse head: anterior surface of body of third metacarpal
Oblique head: bases of metacarpals 2 and 3, capitate and trapezoid

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25
Insertion of Adductor pollicis
Medial side of proximal phalanx of thumb
26
Innervation of Adductor pollicis
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
27
Actions of Adductor pollicis
Adducts thumb at first CMC joint
28
Muscles of hypothenar compartment (3)
Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi brevis Opponens digiti minimi
29
Origin of Abductor digiti minimi
Pisiform and flexor retinaculum
30
Insertion of Abductor digiti minimi
Medial base of proximal phalanx of little finger
31
Innervation of Abductor digiti minimi
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
32
Actions of Abductor digiti minimi
Abducts little finger
33
Origin of flexor digiti minimi brevis
Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
34
Insertion of flexor digiti minimi brevis
Medial surface of base of proximal phalanx
35
Innervation of flexor digiti minimi brevis
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
36
Actions of flexor digiti minimi brevis
Flexes little finger at CMC/MCP joint
37
Origin of opponens digiti minimi
Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
38
Insertion of opponens digiti minimi
Medial border of fifth metacarpal
39
Innervation of opponens digiti minimi
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
40
Actions of opponens digiti minimi
Rotates fifth metacarpal to oppose little finger to thumb
41
Location of palmaris brevis
Superficial to the hypothenar compartment
42
Origin of palmaris brevis
Proximal border of palmar aponeurosis
43
Insertion of palmaris brevis
Skin over hypothenar eminence
44
Innervation of palmaris brevis
Superficial branch of ulnar nerve
45
Actions of palmaris brevis
Wrinkles skin of hypothenar eminence - aids in palmar gripping
46
Central muscles of the hand
4 lumbricals
47
What lumbricals are unipennate
1 and 2
48
What lumbricals are bipennate
3 and 4
49
1st lumbrical is attached to
Lateral 1st FDP tendon
50
2nd lumbrical is attached to
Lateral 2nd FDP tendon
51
3rd lumbrical is attached to
Medial 2nd FDP and lateral 3rd FDP tendon
52
4th lumbrical is attached to
Medial 3rd FDP and lateral 4th FDP tendon
53
Insertion of lumbricals
Insert into the posterior regions of digit 2-5 into their respective extensor expansion
54
Innervation of lumbricals 1 and 2
Median nerve
55
Innervation of lumbricals 3 and 4
Ulnar nerve
56
Actions of lumbricals
Flex digits 2-5 at MCP joints Extend digits 2-5 at IP joints
57
How many palmar interosseous muscles are there?
3
58
How many dorsal interosseous muscles are there?
4
59
What are the interosseous muscles of the hand innervated by?
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
60
Origin of palmar interossei
Palmar surface of metacarpals 2,4,5
61
Insertion of palmar interossei (3)
Medial base of proximal phalanx of index finger Lateral surface of base of 4th proximal phalanx Lateral surface of base of 5th proximal phalanx
62
Action of palmar interossei
Palmar adduction and adduction of index ring and little fingers
63
Origin of dorsal interossei
Bipennate muscles, originate on adjacent sides of metacarpals
64
Insertion of dorsal interossei (4)
Lateral base of index proximal phalanx + DDE Lateral base of middle finger proximal phalanx + DDE Medial base of middle finger proximal phalanx + DDE Medial base of 4th finger proximal phalanx + DDE
65
DDE
Dorsal digital expansion
66
Action of dorsal interossei
Dorsal abduction (digits 2-4)
67
Course of anterior interosseous nerve
Runs distally along the anterior part of interosseous membrane and innervates the anterior compartment muscles
68
Where does the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm come from
Direct from medial cord of brachial plexus
69
Where does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm come from
Continuation of musculocutaneous nerve
70
Where does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the forearm
Branch of radial nerve
71
Motor innervation of thenar muscles
Median nerve branches
72
Motor innervation of adductor pollicis
Ulnar nerve
73
Motor innervation of hypothenar muscles
Ulnar nerve
74
Where is the superficial palmar arch?
Located between palmar aponeurosis and tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis
75
What is the superficial palmar arch made of
Terminal branch of ulnar artery Superficial palmar branch of radial artery
76
Location of deep palmar arch
Between metacarpals and deep flexor tendons
77
What is the deep palmar arch made of
Deep palmar branch of ulnar artery Branch of radial artery
78
Arterial supply to hand
superficial palmar arch deep palmar arc Common palmar digital arteries Proper palmar digital arteries
79
Arterial supply to dorsal surface of hand
Dorsal carpal arch Dorsal metacarpal arteries Dorsal digital arteries
80
Floor of anatomical snuffbox
styloid process of radius scaphoid proximally trapezium distally base of 1st metacarpal
81
Boundaries of anatomical snuffbox
Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis longus
82
Roof of anatomical snuffbox
Skin Superficial brand of radial nerve
83
Carpal tunnel contents
Flexor digitorum profundus tendons (4) Flexor digitorum superficialis tendons (4) Flexor pollicis longus tendon Median nerve Flexor carpi radialis tendon
84
Sensory symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome
Paraesthesia Hypoesthesis Anaesthesia
85
Motor symptoms of carpa tunnel syndrome
Reduced power in abductor pollicis brevis and opponens pollicis muscles and atrophy over time
86
Simian hand
Median nerve injury that causes paralysis of the thenar muscles Results in thumb fixed in the same plane as other fingers

Anatomy (17 decks)

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