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Anatomy > 17: Musculo-neuro-vascular systems of the anterior and posterior compartments of the leg and popliteal fossa > Flashcards

17: Musculo-neuro-vascular systems of the anterior and posterior compartments of the leg and popliteal fossa Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Where is the popliteal fossa?

A

Back of the knee

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2
Q

Boundaries of the popliteal fossa

A

Semimembranosus
Biceps femoirs (LH)
Gastrocnemius (medial + lateral heads)

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3
Q

Floor of the popliteal fossa

A

Popliteal surface of femur
Oblique popliteal ligament
Popliteus and popliteal fascia

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4
Q

Roof of the popliteal fossa

A

Skin + fasciae lata

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5
Q

Contents of the popliteal fossa

A

Superficial
Small saphenous vein

Intermediate
Tibial nerve
Common fibula (peroneal) nerve

Deep
Popliteal artery
Popliteal vein

Fat + lymphatic tissue

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6
Q

What are leg muscles and bones covered by?

A

Crural fascia

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7
Q

Where is crural fascia attached

A

Patellar ligament
Tibial tuberosity
Tibial condyles
Head of fibula

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8
Q

Anteriorly crural fascia blends with…

A

periosteum covering shin

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9
Q

The leg is divided into 3 compartments by…

A

anterior intramuscular septa
posterior intramuscular septa
interosseous membrane

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10
Q

Muscles of anterior compartment of leg

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor digitorum brevis
Fibularis tertius

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11
Q

Anterior compartment of leg is innervated by…

A

Deep fibular

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12
Q

What are the extensor retinacula of the anterior compartment

A

thickened bands of crural fascia

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13
Q

Inferior extensor retinaculum is… shaped

A

Y

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14
Q

Origin of tibialis anterior (3)

A

lateral tibial condyle
antero-supero-lateral surface of tibia
interosseus membrane

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15
Q

Insertion of tibialis anterior

A

medial and inferior surface of medial cuneiform
base of 1st metatarsal

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16
Q

Innervation of tibialis anterior

A

Deep fibular nerve

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17
Q

Actions of tibialis anterior

A

dorsiflexes ankle
inverts foot

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18
Q

Origin of extensor digitorum longus

A

lateral tibial condyle
superior anterior fibula and adjacent interosseus membrane

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19
Q

Insertion of extensor digitorum longus

A

4 slips which insert into middle and distal phalanges

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20
Q

Innervation of extensor digitorum longus

A

Deep fibular nerve

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21
Q

Actions of extensor digitorum longus

A

extends digits 2-5
dorsiflexes ankle

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22
Q

What are extensor expansions

A

triangular shaped expansions over MTP joints

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23
Q

What inserts into extensor expansions

A

extensor digitorum longus
foot lumbricals
foot interossei

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24
Q

Origin of extensor digitorum longus

A

middle 1/2 of anterior fibula
adjacent interosseus membrane

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25
Insertion of extensor hallucis longus
dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of digit 1
26
Innervation of extensor digitorum longus
deep fibular nerve
27
Actions of extensor digitorum longus
extends digit 1 dorsiflexes ankle
28
Origin of fibularis tertius
Inferior 1/3 of anterior fibula and adjacent interosseus membrane
29
Insertion of fibularis tertius
dorsal surface of base of 5th metatarsal
30
Innervation of fibularis tertius
deep fibular nerve
31
Actions of fibularis tertius
dorsiflexes ankle aids with foot eversion
32
What are the posterior compartment of the leg superficial muscles
Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris
33
All posterior compartment of the leg superficial muscles are innervated by
tibial nerve
34
All posterior compartment of the leg superficial muscles insert into
achilles tendon
35
Origin of lateral head of gastrocnemius
lateral condyle of femur
36
Origin of medial head of gastrocnemius
popliteal surface of femur
37
Insertion of gastrocnemius
achilles tendon
38
Innervation of gastrocnemius
tibial nerve
39
Actions of gastrocnemius
plantarflexes ankle raises heel during walking flexes knee
40
Origin of soleus
posterior head and prox. 1/4 of posterior fibula soleal line and middle 1/3 of medial border of tibia
41
Insertion of soleus
achilles tendon
42
Innervation of soleus
tibial nerve
43
Actions of soleus
plantarflexes ankle stabilises leg
44
Origin of plantaris
lat. supracondylar line of femur oblique popliteal ligament
45
Insertion of plantaris
achilles tendon
46
Innervation of plantaris
tibial nerve
47
Actions of plantaris
weakly assists with plantar flexion of ankle
48
Posterior compartment deep muscles of leg
Popliteus Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus
49
Posterior ankle tendons
Tibialis posterior flexor Digitorum longus posterior tibial Artery posterior tibial Vein tibial Nerve flexor Hallucis longus (Tom Dick And Very Nervous Harry)
50
Origin of popliteus
lateral femoral condyle and lateral meniscus
51
Insertion of popliteus
posterior tibial surface, superior to soleal line
52
Innervation of popliteus
tibial nerve
53
Actions of popliteus
weakly flexes knee unlocks a fully extended knee externally rotates femur by about 5 degrees on tibial plateau
54
Origin of tibialis posterior
posterior tibia, inferior to soleal line posterior fibula adjacent interosseus membrane
55
Insertion of tibialis posterior
Cuneiforms Cuboid Sustentaculum tali of calcaneus Bases of metatarsals 2-4
56
Innervation of tibialis posterior
Tibial nerve
57
Actions of tibialis posterior
plantarflexes ankle inverts foot
58
Origin of flexor digitorum longus
medial part of posterior tibial surface, inferior to soleal line
59
Insertion of flexor digitorum longus
base of distal phalanges 2-5
60
Innervation of flexor digitorum longus
tibial nerve
61
Actions of flexor digitorum longus
flexes digits 2-5 plantarflexes ankle supports longitudinal arches
62
Origin of flexor hallucis longus
inferior 2/3 of posterior fibula + adjacent interoseous membrane
63
Insertion of flexor hallucis longus
base of distal phalanx of big toe
64
Innervation of flexor hallucis longus
tibial nerve
65
Actions of flexor hallucis longus
flexes digit 1 weakly plantarflexes ankle supports medial longitudinal arch
66
Popliteal artery divides into
Anterior and posterior tibial arteries
67
After passing inferior extensor retinaculum, anterior tibial artery becomes known as...
dorsalis pedis artery
68
Arterial pulses of lower limb
Femoral artery Popliteal artery Posterior tibial artery Dorsalis pedis
69
Cause of varicose veins
failure of valves in superficial venous systems (great saphenous area and small saphenous area)
70
Symptoms of varicose veins
Pain, itching, swelling, bleeding
71
what drains medial superficial leg
great saphenous vein (drains into femoral vein)
72
what drains lateral superficial leg
small saphenous vein (drains into popliteal vein)

Anatomy (17 decks)

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