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Anatomy > 2: Bones, ligaments + joints of pectoral girdle > Flashcards

2: Bones, ligaments + joints of pectoral girdle Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

condyle

A

Rounded protuberance at end of bone, forming an articulation with another bone

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2
Q

Crest

A

A bone edge’s raised part

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3
Q

Epicondyle

A

Protuberance above or on the condyle of a long bone

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4
Q

Facet

A

Smooth, flat, circumscribed surface

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5
Q

Fissure

A

Open slit in bone

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6
Q

Foramen

A

Hole through which nerves and blood vessels pass

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7
Q

Fossa

A

Shallow depression on bone surface

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8
Q

Groove

A

Narrow channel

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9
Q

Line

A

Long, thin projection often with a roughsurtale

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10
Q

Malleolus

A

Bony protuberance on either side of ankle

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11
Q

Meatus

A

Tube-like channel that extends within bone

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12
Q

Process

A

Bulging bony outgrowth of a larger bone

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13
Q

Protuberance

A

Protruding part of bone

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14
Q

Ramus

A

Curved part that gives structural support to rest of bone

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15
Q

Trochanter

A

Rough prominence for muscle attachment

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16
Q

Tubercle

A

Small rounded prominence where connective tissues attach

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17
Q

Periosteum

A

Tough fibrous sheath that covers bone tethered to bone by Sharpey’s fibers

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18
Q

Ligaments

A

Connect bone to bone

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19
Q

Tendons

A

Connect muscle to bone

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20
Q

A joint or articulation is….

A

Point of contact between
2 + bones
Cartilage + bone
Teeth + bone

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21
Q

Classification of joints by structure

A

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

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22
Q

Fibrous joints

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A

No synovial cavity
Articulating bones held together with cartilage
Little/no movement

23
Q

Examples of fibrous joints

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A

Sutures, syndesmoses, interosseus membranes

24
Q

Sutures

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A

Dense fibrous connective tissue, e.g suture in skull

25
Syndesmoses
Dense fibrous connective tissue ++ Immovable E.g. Gomphosis
26
Interosseus membrane
Broad sheet of dense fibrous connective tissue E.g. Between radius + ulna
27
Cartilaginous joints
No synovial cavity Articulating bones held together with cartilage Little / no movement
28
Synchondroses
Made of hyaline cartilage (no movement) E.g epiphyseal plate, sternocostal joint
29
Symphyses
Fibrocartilage (some movement) Big. Pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs
30
Synovial joints
Designed to articulate for movement Synovial cavity Articular cartilage lines + cushions bone surfaces Held together by ligaments Outer joint capsule lined by layer of synovium
31
Synarthrosis
Immovable
32
Amphiarthrosis
Slightly movable
33
Diarthrosis
Freely moveable
34
Clavicle articulates with...
Sternum medially and scapula laterally
35
Rough inferior surface of clavicle has... (4)
An impression for costoclavicular ligament Groove for subclavius Conoid tubercle Trapezoid line
36
Weakest point of clavicle
Junction between medial 2/3 and lateral 1/3
37
Where does scapula sit
On posterior thorax at level of 2nd to 7th ribs
38
What does the scapula articulate with
Clavicle at acromioclavicular joint Humerus at glenohumeral joint
39
What does the humerus articulate with
Scapula proximally at glenohumeral joint Bones of the forearm distally, ulna medially, radius laterally
40
Sternoclavicular joint
Articulation between clavicle, sternum + 1st costal cartilage
41
Shape of sternoclavicular joint
Atypical saddle shaped synovial joint
42
Features of sternoclavicular joint
Joint capsule with inner synovium Synovial fluid Fibrocartilaginous disc
43
Ligaments of sternoclavicular joint (4)
Anterior sternoclavicular ligament Posterior sternoclavicular ligament Interclavicular ligament Costoclavicular ligament
44
Acromioclavicular joint
Articulation between lateral clavicle + acromion of scapula
45
Shape of acromioclavicular joint
Atypical plane synovial joint
46
Features of acromioclavicular joint
Joint capsule with inner synovium Synovial fluid Fibrocartilaginous wedge-shaped disc Bony surfaces lined with fibrocartilage
47
AC joint is stabilized by....
Coracoclavicular ligament
48
Coracoclavicular ligament is made of
Conoid ligament Trapezoid ligament
49
AC ligament function
Counteracts rotator forces from weight of arm
50
Glenohumeral joint
Ball and socket synovial joint
51
GH joint is passively reinforced by
Glenoid labrum and joint ligaments
52
GH joint is actively reinforced by
Rotator cuff muscles
53
Passive stabilizer ligaments of GH joint
GH ligaments Coracohumeral ligament Coracoacromial ligament Transverse humeral ligament Coracoacromial arch
54
Bursa
A bubble of synovial membrane, contains synovial fluid, acts as a soft cushion preventing bone pressing against bone

Anatomy (17 decks)

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