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PSY1016 Biological Psychology with Research Methods 1 > 10- Schizophrenia > Flashcards

10- Schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

What type of disorder is schizophrenia?

A

A very serious mental disorder

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2
Q

Can schizophrenia be treated and can people with it live normal and productive lives?

A

Yes

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3
Q

What is the lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia?

A

0.5%

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4
Q

Do symptoms of schizophrenia emerge earlier in females or males?

A

Males

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5
Q

What did people used to think that schizophrenia was pretty much the same as?

A

Dementia

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6
Q

Who was the first person the coin the term schizophrenia?

A

Bluer

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7
Q

Is schizophrenia the same as split personality disorder?

A

No

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8
Q

What are positive symptoms?

A

Showing things that healthy people don’t have

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9
Q

3 examples of positive symptoms

A

Delusions, hallucinations, disorganised speech

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10
Q

What are negative symptoms?

A

Lacking things that healthy people have

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11
Q

4 examples of negative symptoms

A

Flattened affect, reduced speech, lack of initiative, neglect of personal hygiene

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12
Q

4 things that schizophrenia has historically been associated with

A

Insanity, violence, stigma, discrimination

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13
Q

How can ‘the schizophrenia label’ affect patients?

A

Negatively

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14
Q

What is the public image of schizophrenia dominated by?

A

Stereotypes

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15
Q

What can the term ‘schizophrenic’ be incorrectly used to indicate?

A

Any incoherent behaviour

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16
Q

For a schizophrenia diagnosis, someone must have 2+ out of 5 of these symptoms…

A
  • Delusion
  • Hallucination
  • Disorganised speech
  • Disorganised or catatonic behaviour
  • Negative symptoms
17
Q

How long must someone be experiencing symptoms of schizophrenia for a diagnosis?

A

6+ months

18
Q

What is used to diagnose schizophrenia?

A

The DSM-5

19
Q

What is involved in a schizophrenia relapse?

A

Positive and negative symptoms seem to worsen and improve in cycles

20
Q

What are psychotic episodes?

A

Periods of intense physical symptoms

21
Q

3 cognitive symptoms someone may have impaired for a schizophrenia diagnosis

A

Attention, working memory, executive function

22
Q

2 problems with the schizophrenia diagnosis criteria

A
  • Only provides generic information
  • Many patients have symptoms that don’t fit into the categories
23
Q

What further research needs to be done for schizophrenia diagnoses?

A

Schizophrenia subtypes

24
Q

What do psychiatrists need to account for when diagnosing schizophrenia?

A

Different factors

25
Q

4 main causes of schizophrenia

A
  • Genetic factors
  • Neurodevelopmental factors
  • Brain abnormalities
  • Neurotransmitters
26
Q

Does a single gene cause schizophrenia?

A

No

27
Q

3 studies that show genetic causes of schizophrenia

A

Twin, adoption, family

28
Q

What is the heritability rate of schizophrenia like?

A

High

29
Q

What gene could be linked to schizophrenia?

A

D2 gene

30
Q

What factors are important when determining neurodevelopmental factors?

A

Prenatal factors

31
Q

What makes someone more vulnerable to schizophrenia?

A

A genetic pre-execution

32
Q

3 brain abnormalities associated with schizophrenia

A
  • Larger than average ventricles
  • Reduced brain volumes
  • Less brain connectivity
33
Q

What is the problem with studying cause-and-effect with brain abnormalities in schizophrenia?

A

It is unknown whether brain differences exist before diagnosis, or whether they are due to medication

34
Q

What does the dopamine hypothesis state?

A

Excess dopamine activity causes schizophrenia

35
Q

How do drug treatments for schizophrenia work?

A

Agonists block D2 receptors

PSY1016 Biological Psychology with Research Methods 1 (34 decks)

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