Immunology 1

Question 1

Serum sickness is what type of hypersensitivity?

Answer 1

Type III - immune complexes deposition

Question 2

Serum-like sickness is what?

Answer 2

Similar presentation to serum sickness WITHOUT immune complex deposition

Question 3

Presentation of the serum sickness

Answer 3

Fever/ Arthralgia/ Urticarial polycyclic wheals

Question 4

GCA most sensitive test

Answer 4

Long temporal artery biopsy

Question 5

GCA has high risk of what aneurysms?

Answer 5

Thoracic aorta aneurysm

Question 6

Small vessel vasculitis test?

Answer 6

Indirect immunofluorescence first - if positive then ANCA

Question 7

MPA strong clinical features

Answer 7

hematuria, renal impairment

Question 8

ANCA prevent a1AT from?

Answer 8

Mopping up free PR3

Question 9

Neutrophils extracellular traps (NETS) links what?

Answer 9

Adaptive and innate immunity

Question 10

NETS promote what?

Answer 10

Thrombosis via histone/TF expression
Activate complements
Inflammatory mediators

Question 11

Wegener/ GPA associated with what deficiency?

Answer 11

a1AT deficiency - PR3 not inhibited

Question 12

In Wegener/GPA - what deficiency subtype most severe?

Answer 12

ZZ phenotype

Question 13

Induction treatment for GPA/Wegeners?

Answer 13

CYP

Maintenance - AZA

Question 14

PAN has what involvement and doesn’t have what involvement?

Answer 14

Involvement - Peripheral neuropathy and mesenteric ischemia

No involvement - No GN/No Lung hemorrhage/ No p-ANCA

Question 15

Drug-induced vasculitis - commonest drug?

Answer 15

PTU - accumulates in neutrophils and bind to MPO

Question 16

Which ANCA a/w more relapses?

Answer 16

P-ANCA

Question 17

How IgG inhibit IgE?

Answer 17

Bind same receptor site - FcyRL (on mast cell)

Question 18

Dirty environment - what T cell response dominates?

Clean environment - what T cell response dominates?

Answer 18

Dirty - Th1

Clean - Th2

Question 19

IL5 role?

Answer 19

Eosinophils production

Question 20

Specific immunotherapy mechanism? (SIT)

Answer 20

Mast cell/Basophils desensitisation first
APC next
Regulation of T cell next
Regulation of B cell next

Question 21

How mast cell activated?

Answer 21

IgE bind with receptor FceRI (on mast cell)

Question 22

Atopy definition?

Answer 22

IgE production

Question 23

Allergy definition?

Answer 23

Hypersensitivity reaction

Question 24

Hypersensitivity definition?

Answer 24

reproducible symptoms/signs by stimulus at tolerated dose!

Question 25

Commonest primary immunodeficiency in Australia?

Answer 25

CVID

Question 26

Commonest infection for primary immunodeficiency?

Answer 26

Sino-pulmonary infection
Herpes infection
HPV

Question 27

CVID patients’ mortality increased if they have concurrent?

Answer 27

Bronchiectasis

Immune dysregulation

Question 28

Low IgG - next step?

Answer 28

Find out the cause of low IgG, -? hematology malignancy in elderly

Check for vaccination response
not yet indication for Immunoglobulin replacement

Question 29

Lymphoproliferative disorder

-Strong stimulus marker?

Answer 29

Mitogen

Question 30

Neutrophil function test

Answer 30

Nitroblue Tetrazolium blue - changes color to blue if have NADPH enzyme

Neutrophil oxidative burst - will burst - multiple fluorescence dye visible if NADPH enzyme present

Question 31

What complement defect associated with recurrent sino-pulmonary infection?

Answer 31

Classical pathway - C2!

Question 32

What complement defect associated with meningococcal sepsis?

Answer 32

C5b-C9