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experience biology > Lesson 13 terms > Flashcards

Lesson 13 terms Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards
1
Q

Algae

A

plant-like protists

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2
Q

Amoeba

A

A type of protist characterized by great flexibility and the presence of pseudopodia (“false feet”)

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3
Q

Bioluminescent

A

able to emit light

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4
Q

Bladders

A

air-filled structures that help them float to the surface

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5
Q

Blades

A

main site of photosynthesis

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6
Q

Blight

A

a disease that causes plant death

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7
Q

Budding

A

occurs when a single-celled organism pinches off part of its cell and creates a new cell

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8
Q

Cilia

A

Hundreds of hairlike extensions that assist Phylum ciliophora in movement

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9
Q

Colonial organisms

A

a collection of similar cells living together

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10
Q

Conjugation

A

when two paramecia exchange genetic information through a bridge that joins them together

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11
Q

Cyst

A

enclosed sac within body tissues, having a distinct membrane and generally containing a liquid material

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12
Q

Decomposers

A

consume dead or decaying organisms

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13
Q

Euglena have two…

Absorbs _______ from its environment and undergoes ______ for energy production

A

Euglena

(1) Has two flagella used for movement
(2) Absorbs dissolved food from its environment and undergoes photosynthesis for energy production

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14
Q

Flagella

A

whiplike tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement

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15
Q

Fruiting bodies

A

The reproductive structure of a fungus that produces spores

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16
Q

Giardia

A

A microorganism that infects the digestive system

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17
Q

Green algae

A

Green algae
Phylum: chlorophyta
a) Most are freshwater, but some are in oceans or on land
b) Most are unicellular, but some are multicellular or colonial

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18
Q

Holdfast

A

a root-like base

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19
Q

Motile

A

Motile

exhibiting movement

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20
Q

Paramecia reproduce two ways:

A

Paramecia

(1) Reproduce sexually via conjugation when two paramecia exchange genetic information through a bridge that joins them together
(2) Reproduce asexually via binary fission

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21
Q

Parasite

A

an organism that lives in or on another organism

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22
Q

Phylum ciliophora reproduce…

b) Example: paramecia

A

(1) Reproduce sexually via conjugation when two paramecia exchange genetic information through a bridge that joins them together
(2) Reproduce asexually via binary fission

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23
Q

Phylum ciliophora have…

A

a) Cilia, hundreds of hair-like extensions, assist them in movement.

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24
Q

Phylum bacillariophyta reproduce…

A

f) Reproduce sexually and asexually

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25
Q

Phylum bacillariophyta shells…

A

e) Shells of diatoms sink to the floor after their death, creating diatomaceous earth

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26
Q

Phylum bacillariophyta are shaped…

Phylum bacillariophyta have pores, which allow…

A

c) Shaped in geometric patterns

d) Pores allow dissolved gasses to diffuse into the cell

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27
Q

Phylum bacillariophyta have a cell wall made of…

A

b) They have a unique cell wall made of glass or silica

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28
Q

Phylum bacillariophyta are

  1. unicellular
  2. multicellular
A

a) Most are unicellular, but some are colonial

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29
Q

Phylum bacillariophyta are known as…

A

also known as diatoms

30
Q

Phylum cholrophyta are

  1. unicellular
  2. multicellular
  3. colonial
A

b) Most are unicellular, but some are multicellular or colonial

31
Q

Phylum chlorophyta live…

A

a) Most are freshwater, but some are in oceans or on land

32
Q

Phylum chlorophyta are also known as….

A

also known as green algae

33
Q

What is unique about dinoflagellata?

A

d) Some are bioluminescent, they produce light

e) Example: red tides

34
Q

are dinoflagellata heterotrophic or autotrophic?

A

c) Some are autotrophic, others are heterotrophic, and some are both

35
Q

Phylum dinoflagellata have…

A

b) Two flagella of equal length

36
Q

Phylum dinoflagellata are

  1. multicellular
  2. unicellular
A

a) Unicellular

37
Q

Phylum euglenozoa are

  1. autotrophic
  2. heterotrophic
A

e) Some are both autotrophic and heterotrophic

f) Example: euglena

38
Q

Phylum euglenozoa reproduce…

A

d) Reproduce asexually via mitosis

39
Q

Phylum euglenozoa are

  1. unicellular
  2. multicellular
A

c) Unicellular

40
Q

Phylum euglenozoa move like…

A

b) Move around like animals

41
Q

Phylum euglenozoa undergo….

A

a) Undergo photosynthesis like plants

42
Q

Phylum mastigophora are…

Behaviour

A

c) Most are parasites; they live off of other organisms.

43
Q

Phylum mastigophora are _______ and live _______

A

b) Most are unicelluar and live in ponds.

44
Q

Phylum maastigophoraq have ….

A

a) Flagella, whip-like tails, are used to propel themselves.

45
Q

What is the structure of phylum phaophyta?

A

d) Structure
(1) Holdfast: a root-like base
(2) Stipe: rubbery, stem-like structure
(3) Blades: main site of photosynthesis
(4) Bladders: air-filled structures that help them float to the surface

46
Q

Phylum phaeophyta are all…

  1. uniform in size
  2. different sizes
A

c) Size varies greatly from microscopic to up to 80 meters long

47
Q

Phylum phaeophyta live…

A

b) Most live in cool temperatures in the ocean

48
Q

Phylum phaeophyta are

  1. multicellular
  2. unicellular
A

a) Multicellular

49
Q

Phylum phaeophyta are known as…

A

also known as brown algae

50
Q

Phylum rhodophyta produce

A

c) Agar, a gelatinous substance, comes from this type of algae

51
Q

Phylum rhodophyta grow

A

b) Most grow in shallow, warm waters in the tropics

52
Q

Phyloum rhodophyta contain pigment phycobilins, which cause them to appear…

A

also known as red algae

a) Contain the pigment phycobilins causing them to appear red

53
Q

Plasmodiumle

A

a sporozoan that causes malaria

54
Q

Protozoans

A

Animal-like protists

55
Q

Pseudopods

A

“false foot” assists some protozoans in movement and feeding

56
Q

Red alge

A

Phylum: rhodophyta

a) Contain the pigment phycobilins causing them to appear red
b) Most grow in shallow, warm waters in the tropics
c) Agar, a gelatinous substance, comes from this type of algae

57
Q

spore

A

a reproductive unit

58
Q

Stipe

A

rubbery, stem-like structure

59
Q

Thallus

A

Basic body unit of plant-like protists

60
Q

Water molds are mostly…

Habitat

A
  1. Mostly aquatic
61
Q

Water molds in the water typically feed on…

A
  1. Water species that typically feed on dead fish or other decaying matter
62
Q

Water molds on land typically feed on…

A
  1. Those on land feed on decaying plants
63
Q

Water molds cause…

A
  1. Cause blight, a disease that causes plant death
64
Q

Slime molds grow…

A
  1. Grow in cool, moist places
65
Q

Slime molds eat…

A
  1. Eat decaying vegetation
66
Q

Slime molds move…

A
  1. Appear stationary, but move very slowly
67
Q

Slime molds go through two…

A
  1. Go through two phases:
    a) Feeding phase: moving around slowly with a pseudopod eating decaying matter
    b) Reproductive phase: fruiting bodies are formed which produce spores
68
Q

Phylum sporozoa have no…

A

a) No special structures for movement

69
Q

Phylum sporozoa all form…

A

b) They all form spores, a reproductive unit, at some point in their life.
(1) The nucleus divides several times.
(2) The organism breaks apart and each nuclei becomes a spore surrounded by a protective covering.
(3) When favorable conditions arise, the spore gives rise to a new organism.

70
Q

Phylum sarcodia have flexible…

A

a) Have a flexible cell membrane allowing them to change shape

71
Q

Phylum sarcodia have —– to assist in movement and feeding

A

Pseudopod or “false foot” assists them in movement and feeding

experience biology (62 decks)

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