Lesson 33 Terms

Question 1

Amniotic sac

Answer 1

A fluid-filled sac which forms around the blastocyst to protect the baby as it grows.

Question 2

Blastula

Begins when?

Answer 2

The stage of gestation which begins when the morula arrives in the uterus and the mass of cells forms an outer shell layer with an inner fluid-filled cavity, called a blastocyst.

Question 3

Cervix

Answer 3

The opening to the uterus

Question 4

Cleavage

Answer 4

when a single cell is converted to a multicellular zygote

Question 5

Contractions

Answer 5

The tightening and releasing of the muscle of the uterus during labor to move the baby through the birth canal.

Question 6

the layer of a zygote which will form the epidermis, hair, nails, and nervous system

Answer 6

Ectoderm

Question 7

Ejaculation

Answer 7

Muscles at the base of the penis force semen filled with sperm through the urethra and out of the penis.

Question 8

the layer of a zygote which will form the lining of the digestive and respiratory systems

Answer 8

Endoderm

Question 9

Endometrium

Answer 9

lining of the uterus

Question 10

Epididymis

Answer 10

A tube outside the testes where sperm mature and are stored.

Question 11

Erectile tissue

Answer 11

Specialized tissue with a lot of space that can fill with blood upon proper stimulation, causing the tissue to become firm.

Question 12

Where is erectile tissue found?

Answer 12

Erectile tissue is found in the penis, the clitoris, the labia, and the nipples.

Question 13

One of the female sex hormones, made in the ovaries, and responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system, along with development of secondary sex characteristics.

Answer 13

Estrogen

Question 14

Fallopian tubes

Answer 14

ducts composed of smooth muscle connected to the uterus and leading to the ovaries.

Question 15

Fertilization

Answer 15

Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells (sperm and egg) join to form a new cell

Question 16

Fetus

Answer 16

The stage of human development starting at 9 weeks gestation, when all major organs have started to grow.

Question 17

Gastrulation

Answer 17

the process which occurs when cells move inside the blastula and form multiple layers of cells called germ layers

Question 18

Implantation

Answer 18

The process which occurs when the blastocyst embeds itself into the endometrium.

Question 19

Menstruation

Answer 19

The process by which the uterus sheds the endometrium lining through the woman’s vagina if the ovum is not fertilized

Question 20

Mesoderm

Answer 20

the germ layer which develops between the endoderm and ectoderm

Question 21

the stage of development when the zygote has reached about 16 cells and is approximately 3 days old.

Answer 21

Morula

Question 22

Oogenesis

Answer 22

the process by which an immature ovum matures.

Question 23

Organogenesis

Answer 23

The process where all of the embryo’s organs are formed.

Question 24

Ova

Answer 24

Female reproductive cells, or eggs

Question 25

Ovaries

Answer 25

the functional center of the female reproductive system; they produce the female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone, and produce ova

Question 26

Ovulation

Answer 26

a process where hormones cause the ovum to rupture and move to one of the fallopian tubes for possible fertilization.

Question 27

Placenta

Answer 27

an organ that connects the developing baby to the mother via an umbilical cord.

Question 28

The smaller cell that’s produced during oogenesis, when the cells divide unevenly, which typically dies and disintegrates.

Answer 28

Polar body

Question 29

Progesterone

Answer 29

One of the two female sex hormones, which helps regulate women’s menstrual cycles.

Question 30

Prostate gland

Answer 30

A gland in males that, along with the seminal vesicles, produces semen, which is a fluid that nourishes and protects sperm.

Question 31

Puberty

Answer 31

A time of significant change where the body undergoes sexual maturation

Question 32

Scrotum

Answer 32

External sac that contains the testes, which keeps them cooler so that spermatogenesis can take place.

Question 33

Secondary oocyte

Answer 33

The larger cell formed by oogenesis which receives most of the cytoplasm

Question 34

Seminal vesicles

Answer 34

Along with the prostate gland, produces semen, which is a fluid that nourishes and protects sperm.

Question 35

Seminiferous tubules

Answer 35

Located within the testes, long tiny tubes where meiosis takes takes place and sperm are produced.

Question 36

Sexual reproduction

Answer 36

Process by which cells from a male and a female unite to produce the first cell of a new organism.

Question 37

Sperm

Answer 37

male reproductive cell or gamete

Question 38

Spermatogenesis

Answer 38

production of sperm cells (occurs in testes)

Question 39

Testes

Answer 39

the functional center of the male reproductive system; they secrete sex hormones, including testosterone, and produce sperm.

Question 40

Testosterone

Answer 40

Male sex hormone

Question 41

Connects the baby to the mother (through the placenta), and allows the baby to obtain nutrients and oxygen from the mother and get rid of wastes and carbon dioxide

Answer 41

Umbilical cord

Question 42

Urethra

Answer 42

tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

Question 43

Uterus

Answer 43

a hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ where a fetus grows

Question 44

Vagina

Answer 44

A muscular, elastic passageway that extends from the uterus to the outside of the body

Question 45

Vas deferens

Answer 45

tube that carries sperm from the epididymis to the prostate gland to the urethra

Question 46

Zygote

Answer 46

the organism formed when the sperm and egg cells come together (a brand-new person with his or her own DNA)