Lesson 29 Terms

Question 1

Albumin

Answer 1

manufactured in the liver and regulates the amount of water in your blood and tissues

Question 2

Alveoli

Answer 2

the microscopic, balloon-like sacs lined with capillaries at the end of the smallest bronchioles

Question 3

Aorta

Answer 3

the largest artery in the body that branches into smaller blood vessels

Question 4

Aortic semilunar valve

Answer 4

allows blood to exit the left ventricle and enter the aorta

Question 5

Arteries

Answer 5

carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

Question 6

Atria

Answer 6

two thin-walled chambers serve as the entrances to the heart

Question 7

A-V valves

Answer 7

allow the blood to flow from each atrium to the corresponding ventricle but do not allow blood to flow the opposite way

Question 8

Bronchi

Answer 8

2 branches that lead from the trachea to each lung

Question 9

Bronchioles

Answer 9

smallest branches of the bronchi

Question 10

Capillaries

Answer 10

Smallest blood vessels

Question 11

a) Separates their body cavity into the abdominal and thoracic cavities
b) When the diaphragm contracts, it expands the lungs and causes air to enter; when it relaxes, the lungs contract and air is exhaled

Answer 11

Diaphragm

Question 12

Epiglottis

Answer 12

a flap of tissue that seals off the windpipe and prevents food from entering

Question 13

Erythrocytes

Answer 13

red blood cells

Question 14

External respiration

Answer 14

process of breathing in and out, oxygen and carbon dioxide being exchanged in the alveoli

Question 15

Fibrinogen

Answer 15

manufactured in the liver and helps form blood clots

Question 16

Gas transport

Answer 16

oxygen and carbon dioxide use the bloodstream as a transportation system to get where they need to go

Question 17

Globulins

Answer 17

manufactured in the liver and lymph tissue and helps transport fats around the body and fight infection

Question 18

Hemocytoblasts

Answer 18

stem cells

Question 19

allows cells to carry oxygen throughout the body and remove carbon dioxide; found in the cytoplasm of red blood cells and is an iron-containing protein

Answer 19

Hemoglobin

Question 20

Heart

Answer 20

a hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.

Question 21

Internal respiration

Answer 21

when oxygen is transferred to the body cells and carbon dioxide waste is given to the red blood cells in return

Question 22

Larynx

Answer 22

voice box

Question 23

Leukocytes

Answer 23

white blood cells

Question 24

Lung

Answer 24

main organs of the respiratory system

Question 25

Nasal cavity

Answer 25

hollow space behind the nose

Question 26

Pericardium

Answer 26

tough white sac that protects the heart

Question 27

Pharynx

Answer 27

throat

Question 28

Plasma

Answer 28

pale yellow liquid composed mostly of water containing dissolved nutrients, wastes, hormones, and 3 types of blood proteins

Question 29

Platelets

Answer 29

thrombocytes

(1) Cell fragments formed in the bone marrow
(2) Help blood clot near wounds

Question 30

Pleural membrane

Answer 30

a double membrane that lines the rib cage to prevent friction between the rib cage and lungs.

Question 31

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Answer 31

allows blood to exit the right ventricle and enter the pulmonary arteries

Question 32

Red blood cells

Answer 32

erythrocytes - make up 95% of the formed elements; carry oxygen

Question 33

Septum

Answer 33

thick wall separating the atria and ventricles

Question 34

undifferentiated cells

Answer 34

Stem cells

Question 35

Trachea

Answer 35

windpipe

Question 36

Thrombocytes

Answer 36

platelets;

(1) Cell fragments formed in the bone marrow
(2) Help blood clot near wounds

Question 37

Veins

Answer 37

blood vessels that carry the deoxygenated blood toward the heart

Question 38

Ventricle

Answer 38

two chambers found on the bottom of the heart

Question 39

Ventricle

Answer 39

two chambers found on the bottom of the heart