1.11 - Design For Manufacturing , Maintenance, Repair And Disposal Flashcards
(19 cards)
How can efficient manufacture be achieved?
- using standardised parts and sizes across all range of products
- use wave or reflow methods for manufacturing circuits , rather than manual soldering
- ensure optimal layout of the manufacturing system by using simulation software
- modular designs with easy to monitor sub systems
Examples of using fewer processes in manufacturing-
- use single redistribution process such as injection moulding rather than multiple additional wastage methods
- use self finishing materials such as polymers
- reduce the joining processes required by incorporating integral fixings
- use of adhesives rather than mechanical fasteners
How is recycling incorporated in the manufacturing process by designers ?
- labeling materials to adis separation for recycling
- for example a bottle may be blow moulded with the standardised codes
What strategies can be adopted to enable products be more easily disassembled or separated ?
- cradle to cradle approach , keeping materials in product
- using easily released polymer snap fastenings that are used in many vacuum cleaners
- using standard screws that can be removed by anyone ( pozidriv screws )
What is meant by sustainability ?
The managements or resources to minimise depletion and pollution
What are the six r s ?
- rethink
- recycle
- refuse
- reuse
- repair
- reduce
What does the reduce strategy seek ?
- use less material and energy
- minimise resource depletion , energy use and use of toxic materials
What does cad design implement the idea of reducing ?
- reduce the material and volume of packaging used for products
How is ikea seeking to minimise its material and energy use ?
- distribution using fully loaded, preferably electrically powered vechickes
- producing a light weight honeycomb structure ( uses less material )
- developing a method for constructing hollow table legs requiring minimal materials
What are examples of reusing ?
- demolished buildings ( bricks are used for new buildings and projects )
- old shipping containers ( used for community projects , offices and storage
- car parts and components such as engines can be reconditioned , so that they can be reused ( extending thermos service life )
What is meant by up cycling ?
A creative form of reusing , turn unwanted products or materials into higher value , more suitable items
Domestic examples of up cycling ?
- glass jars and vases
- ice cream containers / biscuit boxes as storage
- furniture form old pallets
What are commercial examples of up cycling ?
- showerproof and clothing made from discarded tents after festivals
- bags and belts made from discarded tyre inner tubes
- guitars can be made from motor oil cans
How does rethinking improve sustainability ?
- by choosing eco friendly alternatives ( products , processes , materials and lifestyle )
Why is maintaining materials in a pure state crucial ?
- one pvc bottle in a batch of 10 000 per bottle can ruin the recycled pet
- making recycled pet food safe is difficult as it absorbs contaminant
What is meant by the term cradle to grave ?
- consideration of the impact of the whole lifecycle of the products
What legislative directives encourage the ease of disassembly?
- end of life vehicles and waste from electrical and electronic equipment
Weee and EVL
How can refusing be seen to be sustainable ?
- a consumer may refuse to buy products that are harmful to the environment
- clear marketing and labelling facilitate the recognition of environmental impact
How do using temporary and integral fixings encourage sustainability ?
- temporary joint methods such as screws for access panels encourage home repair
Integral fittings facilitate regular maintenance such as battery replacement
